eee 8 G8 Psa ECR atin sD BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY PATA UY AVA WW ATHY AT AA HII |] | I ; | || HH] | il Wy UAHA AHVAL UU AVOUT RTA 10237 161 2 Ee Ure) sry hates aiefl3| H rey Suis e My BOSTON =f iA + . F ; iu Spe’ UAL a 9 ge 1 qr rat o/ /°@) Unt pried abi 3 oars vee i mat ee ae it u eee) an ae en we wv Oyen Sel ohn 4 i i ane an 7 Pa 7 i ; tere i] i Ie " YY) i ’ | j t i : f hits a) al ! ra L | ) f ny aL) hee ! 7 Area F \ f 9 ma Ha Dy Hig au ; vi ‘ey a. i 1 % xs “ y AT ' 4 a om nt b ir ’ Tei AP iP ha i in fon x ot - " “| iy i ' ae ee iy a iad ayn ‘ ! Tah He ? ) ay an oa f y | . ne a oe | ; a | i re. ae : é p . , vi ee ety ra RR eEewg, Chi ae Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2022 with funding from Boston Public Library https://archive.org/details/bostonpubliclibr01bost_0O Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Contents ETSCOLIFIBUICS! {cops cste secs te eter ee tert er era y toa ch che a Seca UaG Eee PED RURUD ER URE sueDrs nee beac toereekaeetese vi ACKNOWIECEeMeNtSe secrete see erere er tes cree: ices sues teucs seteaaer erect eau en tine cers crate eka tay Xili VOLUME | 1.0 INTFOCUCTION so: 28.0 or we nee cee cece tec cece ere teres cause teacawuee Spore etree ia in paiaeeenec act 1 ZU) SUMMALVLOLLReGSCal Cll eeeetnrette ue tesaratctecassssecrrslascciecctcedruttenctertiaticrccses eset chs 3) 2A RE DOSIUGIICS errs sete eerie generar ee cet eee ect Pcarse dine asec tczar seemed ee ere deay vtec rear rants; 5 Peo OVELVIEW ee Le aero nid Jae ae odenluc her eeea damsel te Ass, WMG Hin 28m tag ed eecctete 6 sey) Architectural Chronolocyemnetesem testers mas ores re cl cowcostc cede eceect seteasta secar ta weer iz, 3.1 ENT OCU CTC Tee ey a ene Ne ea Se) Rite ee eee eer ee a aed 7 apy EMU Re) Re) Cole as eier) Slt 5 sl etude. aetna inet ete ena ed al sr eee BEES ey WOE a tree UP Nter a 8 4.0 Selectioniofithe Architecteandi Design ts. men iv ees cstdens cece sc sgaverdsesue eee eeesaecaeders 55 5.0 NICKIM Ss DGSICN sc eemumrremerrete tas re cee sewn ny alse aneen cen nt eo cee yee a mu enema 38 De NB Sortie std LS ware al a 9 weeks NAR ag i ene Peer Ae ores Os Saari eet oN ae ea Re Ai ee 38 ae BLESS Fog Ah DB Lo Cod (jo 8 Cet ea ADRS OA ae ee A as Ca Pe le Nc need Bei 43 6.0 Library: COnsiructionm.. commences erect: s.cmees cease er cmeete tres aoa peenicanccycseraews evueertead 47 6.1 A SAV UNS ON, LUE ie Te LOT Oe ae aca sss on tegen acces aes Ce enter) eas Ge mie ee carn 47 6.2 THe, GONSErIGucori ay Ga iste eee eee eu ee cs PTI OO TL des a5 8A seaeoviorr ce onsen so 50 7.0 Architectural History Ot tne Bulldinceeuss D— L972... ccs ecctcedereuciacexacecesscnsberesuce 60 al TACO UCIIO NE eee ee IIS SEE Se Ma. LL ee MED le ace Oy eR oe, eat 60 eLeL Fal fey mle) of adie g) Ata DNS (a3 0! 5. - eae Miata ot ate. iG Da) dle arin ame nie meee Rem anit ed ea 64 Tipe pd dey whey ete A tad eee nated What ote, 3. a eee aE ey oh bah ht a oe Oey OK ae ee 65 (pea JCslageehbleinleteh. tye. wna os: | ue Pais iat Jo 009 I Se ee 65 eee ELL OLAL ym tteeIN LC LOC LL) 9 fae boi at ean et ase eeten as teRies eseoe tte PatG> vant aaa ae Pa acae 65 Vga ANN Grek ha eho Pha ay g yet | pas 5 aie ie OO pea RL oS pe 5 Se Mae, RN ne eo Pees lee 65 TEPROR I. ABS SSE COTO ANE I ment os eh ieg @ pemeees Fb 00) weed Deak be eee a eee eye eee hale 66 TPB E,W Y fa eS it atid pes tae Di el I an Rape ts oes ere SIN a ae Pe be 71 Spy pals 1 Bye tel Waa aut, 20 Silie Poheey RDR Ee SUP Sa ae 192205! SNR IR alee ie nae v a 73 Eee aen tS COC Cn ee ee eee a Rene a IN, CO Ee SA a ad 74 pee eM L TILE TIO OUT i tee RN ee ie ee ee gue! 77 VP ORS POLL YEA Ver LECT cAUIC MEAS. C69. UL PSD fests escent eee de Mea Rae ea tas Sy 8 ee cane ence See 87 Sy LE OO Li eee ee EE eR Re ot at Ar Rm Ride 1p Wah 87 Da ae RN LTT OUS OC LORS ie are oe ee er tee ens See Pg Rate) eee, ka 88 AD SOE AAT LWOT Ker I A ENE NO ee 8 Reale Bete tele eR eee 88 Te eR Mae LTA LETT © Teg CoO Ce peste eee ere ee te en ea ate Ftd oat e tees a oo com eae 88 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page |i : =) 7 7 is, \ a Ms i. oe ’ Pe Bd ! f ry nt ae en Re ‘ é ‘ . : o's) ae Ae v- einareriben ehp al w a? que’ ' raotab amity é a ye ' Se lee oai ss ee age re apts) tale siege = ee a ‘ ° 7 ret th ; ry ' ee Suaap ‘ ‘Noes »t oa es ‘ *h, | eine i ot barry) on Cee aur age et * . ns tasenaey Saroaten aeathape ms Soe 1, Ty aey,. ; ‘ K MeN me | Beit dues ad \w tanh stayin fs Tot) | ven . Wegaiaeeg i wenenis pri b-\ ag ® cet) EE! % iA ys = OG) tated it oo ee ae ee ah aed. Gusta a eT 245 : os it. 4 ¥ pe ei ies - wa ste Rhian | mo: ¢ . - atte yun ee i ciel spon i + ie ee Le eee tecies | ~ shal ie bs Banirts Ta PORE T a hoe nee i‘ hn chit | frantd blerag: ce 2. ve ae 9 tye vi iw WA. Po. ae 7. : 7 we tinids p rsnaiol eber 2. r ere cae | ane , “cet - Tr aie daa ey’: a no PERS Peon ry sali wen ef rats : Jf ipne hy e Te . Wy Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Contents 8.0 LSIOSTProOlecha WMICKINT OUNOMNE wrctet: ice cccesss yoo o seme andr rtuveceses cuckerecceds tees 229 8.1 NG aU Reeve Ch Tot hha) yates he tae ee a eet ame BREE Dien om Na te ee A ee EON AN 229 aa BA EAC SAC eg Na ag atte nc 2 snc ae aN OTR oe ee ier co ceah ck aig tgaba tone od iou tide 229 rah Pe WON COT CGy da (oyaad Si EEA VoL by tea hie cou mages Se Nive i HON iy Ane ae a ie Oe 23] eee SME SENTISEL ULC TIO TEL ASOS eivee ote ee kg oa aits ets ae eee ee UE ARE erat ace les 234 8.2 | acd Corley eta) Md atoud ai bhi eh GE «oS eee eM pmo Meee el i: yr, Poy run oes art one 209 8.2.1 DATUTIOUCI ECT ee ACA Chas acs as ee og le ee eee Ree Secs ee 235 MER PG SND Tae! aps sir of Fd SF: Care te F Xe dy Ne nee iee ALLS pa Ea fe tae ae a RO 235 Bocce ID OVISEO RS TEC AG AUG eo tscoe iter crac Scoptgnsseshattes Ac need nate ee Mees eam resctve taunts 230 Fae AT DOT EC ASU EE ee ame ee Siar Ie) Lathan ce el 236 8.3 GSES ghey ares MEH eKesd o}EVH a [i 0Y9 Sn ee eyes ah Bis Mig ih eRe UNpee eters en eeA NL anya) Shon mT ney ee 25% S5i) Ian at (a 010) BLO a) enh eee IRS Nie Re ROR Oe rents Or en Sr tert TaN eee 2h Bee Zee CT OULECLt CO) Heme RN ort nese caieoce hava iva va cvesdiaveneiceeccoee ren pUTeAs Ieee nutes Mees 240 Soto SOTACK Oe ae re tees ee ees Pe Pe RO eo RAC IA te Ue Aled a eo 247 reste SME Oe Ndi oe CUAL) (elo) ott eins nthe Lan a) ok ey nen oe oe ee Eee, Rape 249 CP, SPC CIAO LAL Y: CL OOF cae ceases totettegtaree cone eantre rancesee antisera tive eae Selah Aaatunck east ota cabas 207 9.0 Lo IOSmeroject s.COGGLCOMDilanCe > Preservation’&: Maintenance: Guidelinesa cers... tiveraivencedeccteccencsivecsavertessranss 264 10.1 Csenieral Giidelimes sree ete eee ead PL RUA ie, nn Foetal teas ahe ens dopa e 264 10.2 Record Keepirie rire cate trite. bso Te SE eI Ra. sects eed. octuybat Le 264 10.2.1, BuildingiMatn teria mice tee ee cosh ak ok scab eeet le taates dees seese tuasabeysevoval deve eecemue 264 1 OO aC OO Ria err meee MM ee PC Sree Boe ne ne oso ee ht ees wonaceneeeees rhaser 265 L033 \Maintenancessa ins pectionssched ulesc. tte uesec. ct. cts pate Neches ae eens 265 10.3 PES DCC LON S secon, te een MMO Saco voce cnn So! Uy cctsv net tyantesgeaecney a act poe yeera cy tous ag aeaeyt 266 IND) SES Vee gsimtare SBebyarte tye) y VAs 2253 ge lel a Semele Sede play 28s ey ree an Pe Ree eee 266 Pree ee ATIECTIGT 1 OSDOCLIOTIS Sire certe, ge es 900s. cea ie ea Leer eed Oey Aad. Side dace do eae 266 10.4 Literior Materials oo hinishes of theavicK int; BUniGinig crmmite beet eee. ccnscneatinrqenns 214 ENnOnOles cesecesmmmnetiee re trove ste ne eve Sartre cciscr antic csancts tesceereneteae ves viele saehts hes ces Ke Ia hs BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page iv _ epee ¢ 60 ro 408 on ORC" “9% 9 00 mae —_- aiid heeeee are | eae inhodas Leal signe? ia: ects oe oe nbece’ 4 era ; ab Giz a oe vote ie FF ad le a eo perierre re i~ eo Gea ee ~ ® iis ri4 1 oo eat int _ _ sic¢qrep So topes ayy La TSi nee weryedey gible agent dy es o-aeree toe — | Sats nals tee - a : ot pe thay Cg —ete-o yA : . ver apd 4 sh HW oil , wee a ae 1 piety Cure ee§ is 4 : 7 Harond etme ; > itiwhJ oraaae A rh) os yo ee 6404¢44+%"> swear, * s** . VM Te : sol rojedaster aed 1a. pe UE Seta Ge <—-2n 44 ue ° pile igre i ee yl: a" - pail pee! me onl i een ae 20 Le) ‘ ‘poneaotenly ao i; oe ia : Pe fF ‘ asa tponpens (fet) UF ‘aa ci tintin < , oy weet welt tes pierce | $4 7 pat <2 6a iccpijesh TeavHh Te “i oat & ng . atc) oe , iy ea ner Pre a aie rt A) dij aopeeeaek ainan 4 pai pre" ict oe parse ‘eet 7 : ji . ' cpshilliane jichveq::! 4 nm oe eager nts r Tae s 6 sae peep? eeheed in ® tom ‘ ie os oe AQYVa ) : ’ ae ty Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Contents VOLUME II 11.0 Appendices 11.1 Photographic Documentation 11.1.1 Representative Historic Photographs 11.1.2 Contemporary Photographs 11.2 —_ Historic Drawings 11.2.1 Representative Historic Drawings 11.2.2. Inventory of Drawings for the McKim Building es McKim ’s Early Design Drawings 11.3.1 Heliotype Prints of the McKim Study Drawings 11.3.2. McKim, Mead & White Monograph Drawings VOLUME III bi Contract Documents/Specifications 11.4.1 McKim, Mead & White Contract 11.4.2 McKim, Mead & White Specifications (Excerpts) 11.5 Summary of BPL Trustees’ Minutes During Building Construction 11.6 Newspaper Article: Boston Globe, 1 February 1895 11.7. — Costs for Library Construction 11.7.1 City Document 54, “Report on the Cost of the New Library Building, Dartmouth Street,” 1891 11.7.2. City Document 135, “Mayor’s Message Transmitting Report of Total Cost of the New Public Library Building Up to the Present Time, etc.,” 1895 11.8 Herbert Small’s Handbook for The Boston Public Library, 1895 11.9 Technical Studies and Materials Analysis Performed for the 1990s Project 11.9.1. “Treatment Proposals for Conservation of the Mural Paintings” and “Treatment Proposals for the Conservation of Sculptural Objects,” Center for Conservation and Technical Studies, Harvard University Art Museums, January 1986 11.9.2 “Boston Public Library: Analysis of Architectural Woodwork and Finishes,” SPNEA, February 1986. 11.9.3 Paint Study, SPNEA, January 1995 11.9.4 1998 Structural Assessment, Robert Silman Associates, January 1998 11.9.5 MEP System Inventory, Altien Sebor Wieber, January 1998 11.10 Bibliography 11.11 Recommendations for Further Research 11.12 Recommendations for Cataloguing, Conservation, and Storage of Documentation Used to Prepare Historic Structure Report 11.13. Preservation & Maintenance Charts BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page v : 7 : : F ; Las ek 4 : ; cae - | : - we 7 ow ey. _ _ im . _ , ' , 7 - : Pen we pedi 10K wes WS oe awit) wee SHH ne ¢ akan itt ah a pri — ed eee aa ripe +. {) if Corqr ae) ariotiveliceg? g2) 6 4 pent oe Bae hh | rr priuhiigh geitvtd ec dew. vie i poarnemial | ain 4 CPi vuaanited 1 vials « opie me of Pa, . 10d VOI Pepe cs ruersh as ale Tip ied wt! Sa PO Ge Proged® 4 Se une Eee % : ’ > ‘ ee” | ‘i ij ware® veri OLE SgekedA Py d 4 wth Cie bag il 7 4 > jit So:eeyT A GEE GAUR peel! Lhe ee oe : ‘F-7Al wrends) PE engl 7 east’ 3 Larne pease 1, y(t POL neh) wet pera t alias, gin lore? 4 nth WG lextntiedd), 4 cptwin T Low) 4 oft +) ROGRerpeeS! Yo! Miareqert po Cre) ts rene me tyargir te eigen want Mem moene oy (ieee wan laaeS eo wf 0 nuticr al el « “) (Hanah, ay cognate W te its acaba tia ars Vas seo Betts : : BHAT pus ns SATE: = binder Agune Supe apna RUS ti} 2 he CR Ae a EL ee 1.0 SETA MACH IE PLAT ce gece voice yon soe cess ape ae eo tea estan sno torah cca es dastoadecteg ed Ped pieabecte Sea on eaate a verses Teen erenigeos asia. 1.0 ET Mag PUB cl reg Ee AE I EI ie ho it 3 heute Sd A EAL ee Ee MRA Pd SAL. SI El ae a SR 1.0 [PTS Sa AIT aL Go eT ll 0 pe IR I I ot! OE aE IE ON SN PP aS ER Tae gD 8 I CS eee 1.0 oe te a ea reg pce ee ala eis ccas dere at tratninna ostccate oaa dangiinse meas metaeamabate yee abcesn adiveaont odds 1.0 iid Rane SAN PN se el ie eR CR les tc, ei ae eRe ae Oe eae eau etree il. oe a Oe 1.0 BSC EAr LR OTATS FOOT, ELA Th rs scosiscesnpoiggemntncaae tues ceeegeee ee ar arp Bee a Slog apse mn cans orosdy pussnwg sap sen vena onee venders aces Sisivednpeneae 1.0 Ebel LIS ADV VIC TLANIII EF VAL ann scecs destin ee ppreeeae acon oars oc caasgs Sasa case enc ade Laseahosasedp Goda esaioe vena eanseh aAdadasonnai 1.0 To (uc Pigg BS We Be srk aes a es dey en ee me STU oe. MAN Ee ARES Rae Oe a cc Pte fe RI 1.0 P6901 ol EV cette ne ee ee ee Nee SEN 2h Saas pie ie non ey Ue alae aie oes Be ae 1.0 SSMS PeaSt-VV CSE FOOKIN © INOULIN ) crcosatatae ose escent namsaichanns nats << sntersaemtncscnsessseununidchcsavdbiath supdsnuecust nnewncseavuvesee lacterte 1.0 Sere YGHEY pene LILI h EASE VV SE LOCKITS De OUEE NN) agree end eae cheese cc Sa psa iloneesdes Seay cose men sane ce eewacieeensee seo eee cosets 1.0 See ITh Reckoner Mew OCA SOULIT LOOKIFID VIS Ele rncr reat eet rp heSres cet a tewart kerk shana sncoik cnc care vcnacie?wisuacvonsuey/dtseeertessenacerauency cane 1.0 Interior Plan Evolution Drawings (STOUT CLE LO GLI CSLAC Kee Vine tre taco oie crac eee ne ne RR Cer tae ee ce cette ee ee 7.0 1 EG pic meee ite ey EY Fe Ved SG icy a ei el Do ey bls ale ie aI Ne a A ww ey cma eh «een ar Dal 7.0 Peat SLE AALL FOOLS SURE ON 455, Goh ces ier tesee cree ee Maes ea uae cea naptid veulno cy csaudesnuradtcones atetiaescectrtemtee Sem aceeE Rae dase vowvnsernas Govars 7.0 FETYLRESOIB RU SCAG KG Onecare reese tcesacacesccesctttes ene ne ene neta e cor Bot find a Rita, EEN al AS Fr en a Nant en Ney 7.0 PAVE CRANE MRDE ANY CUO orator cat casadesataasusten nceeree tenner ret arci eer nbe Buncea Tote oksacnsvase acer onc d-wac ons acarcrecs sen tees neater ners paieabree cenreseendopes sheet fll Preservation Zone Plans Poremen ee ree Pe. we Ta er Ea i PA ene ORS pee a eT eS 8.0 bE GG i Lan) gacromerapet Sranue anecenemathe al Sane a A ne incerta ol etacesreae yen nn natant ame A i pee ae nea So Sa 8.0 jC gee) aN sete tine pteridine ate BAR at Sh has noah 2 Aaa pearl cna aati ene ee Re er a rc 8.0 ea Oe FAN LOOM peer weer tacts hore canter cee cence ree ae ee ce ee REN eS ac as Ee oe Nan eet ae Pe A gh ae a sae 8.0 tS VT geet Te El see eee eases ig cern ted bp patel men yee ade ilo. |. cabelas erate Pe eRe ere eee PS 8.0 eg EM ae Tg 8) Ce re) Sen nonce A RRR Se cok on A pt el ee Ri eet CoO en roe oper Re en 8.0 SP CCIAL LIDT ALY, MICZEALINLG vecce cee sncteb ener vest ccncers ces terstinarigttnctsaccsaanst tact pttten tives chuctandunauer saeanpeeten onvnmatnetedetes Sonuadactuauseaaseiadeateath 8.0 Historic Photographs: Exterior E-1 BOyistOr See canary s:ctaten cites ct cysts. aacts tanks eee ecth ath ocak hice copa donbetdensant ba yoensoe Mel eaoe cats acted onctugickicbenmsqyostions £111 E-2 BoylstOn SOCCULIDIAIy ss DALES EAA be. Seco aeianntha Andes ota rden don aeons ecb teehee tee MPs dhe adatnbd ta acniewsnssennsnr oui i ea E-3 REO PIE Y SO UAT Ctcerecererctectntoyst tt ce ceatts dace seote adel at eRe teas saan eh coum anaett ny eae ehaaptekeccbosblanavektdtecedddeceoecsccenaemeuseniaie 111.1 F-4 ROPICY SQUALET Gard IU pact rates each to Rrra SEES eases onecyin mld receOh tad en etn Ris vee atnap ues Stnoaetitac onteninnenienonens A E-5 Bibliotheque Sainte-Geneviever | 1644-1 850)> Paris, Frarice cooks es cence so nennncntincoeeininncoene 11.1.1 E-6 Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieves Reading Room, Paris, France ncn scott esnteprensanaserewntseee sce list E-7 Invitation: Laying Of The Cornerstone McKim Building: November 28, 1888.............::2s:cssssesssesesees 1G ee E-8 Cormerstone| Laying Ceremony: November 26,188 ooo sn Fos St I a ach sole a coeanceneeniownstons | ee BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page vi ) ive =e ; : _ a “itinn | eit PPL aa ) ive way i i 7 ee ae awe ona je ean ina aed bg _ vt th elihddire~.):b ; Be al a SY Lvs | ea 5 lt Pome ah Pv Tew ner, eee ee uae ia pom ee As = nine Se + nt ge llth rmaitiey eee timatnite ae \ TI re oblate sheen : =-oAigie hcrot apn 1h caaRT alt pa / Pe ey ee i : sill ir salts 5) ~ “Silke 1 sid et on 226 subaandl ee ) Seip aa ai cme eagle Ag er rr — ae | ae - ee eee ~ ache pean op aed el ' S\ mpeenree i Va = sowie ys x a m ante plied \ al We, High haw ee ‘ = pee heey eee’ bansnape Ones rea i awn / ; woe ‘ +9 aren eee he i ‘ od 9) dees eed ay aa Paz ai ’ 1 > eed te : Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC List of Figures Mock-Up of the Northeast Corner of the Building at the Quarry ..........::s:sccsssssssssssssesssessesescscscseseneenes Bi Mock-Up of the Northeast Comer of the Building at te Quarry on. ceccrececccxonssaconssesnsacvadesnovsaseanssezesonstes pe ee MOE Ket OMe NOrinast, COMler ce tie: OUND Dc oeoytccessecteceqecrnns sack ensmapnaocerasb ben ccotaentneeeee Aare mds, A | MockUp ofthe, Cornice :atithie: Quran ry ctsscccs. gencncececs eins cot eeoe ce cant tect RS NE cet CE cca cennettpn manners Ge! Mock-Up of the Cornice at the Southeast Corner of the Building... cs esteesteteeseeeeeesseeneesees BS BATE yAHOUT AU TTS COT TENS Loan ya emcee ees cd perigee ces ee atetenns tte omneaperonen cancsaastynsne ngahakinbmaseeren fa WS POUMNAATONS UMA er COMSE UCHR oe rpese kh cteee nerees cesses deescansenteseoveconnexctceseed ac estesseseanyd teenth Lay Pull) j ee ee eee 4 net Za ttl 9 bas : ip thy ol OR i «ae ‘Bie mane” (Shaan Ca AaN It RUB aR) eat) ya i. ; 7 {a a Git 02 Seitbce casi apm vyallp bs 04 . eerteene § pyre " Te tae = # ; $ dsqeee ee ma i oo ‘Sina eet i» aids sik? real, vi 1 pies . ’ {2 « tean@es bo eNOS ee ih.0 ‘ | wy Te Pee u aS abner aaa hg hts “oT tees b ened nan Mae e ney erg sehen At és ae tea - Pr9s Gam penn mat fs o Sie as cl 2 60) were ‘sbas> a Panes te cae ee Ani aytor et so ee sv ony x 7 ‘sah 6 Ve tiie ron cela a p08 oi heonte ried atone re | | a 48) Allows ‘1 ema oe = ae aie la ‘ aps, tAtt. , njsant ve Ae -y ani a Rua swintind 1 Vein wit, rah Sp ioul at! ; ». Serene 13 Ae noo: 2S oo sa eerie 1 3% nearer, rt z.! it , ee Hann 3 Late e 5° 644 6 a ox me 2. aude ¥ 4 ; - Oe ee ted i. Lit Anee te ees Seen ae “tiptoe - hs 1 a ease ban) j' ye yo A t ad nl ~~ 1 tee rt g _ : AT = re a : (ane Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report E-52 Interroncourtunacmionnicess Dacetlantey November 189 fcccsccercs ip cata ecstevrssecaeenaissmemeatihe ssa ctesoeseteaes Tel E-53 Belay Pratt SCUPOITC 2s. c crests ccceacssageeret vcopshteguncasnancensunssceseasbusentsbandensbosnab ewoassksest an ciondh Jodevamapasiusisiccsomosalesetieke VE: E-54 LULL YOR CAN Ed OLS Peco ices eta arteries ese c ve cavantdatauy eas stb uk weve cede aw otbie Me peeedase eer pO nar eee EES, Pek: E-55 Demolition of Existing Structures on Site of Johnson Addition, Boylston Street, 1969.0... Lik: E-56 Hohnson Building Under Constr ucuon sy 1910 scsctcsetast cscentacotnctvstevsoverchupasnnccnosssasesaebssckcbnsoccasdidécaveupsnndshcets Pel E-57 FFONTSOMIDUNCMI eT BOVIS SECC H ENE VALLON CAL DF cache csceccuscenest pcs -peceasoats ceoonums evermore yabateok geass se E-58 Johnson Building: Boylston Street inlycntate thy Ce eae eee econ elt as NS Sea eNene eae Lk Historic Photographs: Interior I-] Enttranceny.estibuies (209) lin a tecameerrecee etre nears are cee aes case eee eee nee ee eee WN ihaihe ]-2 Eintrancesv.estibules( 209) ainda tec memes re reer cee. ete eee eee Oe ee ee ge ile 1-3 EmtrancesVestipnles6209)4 Undated irr sme oe en en et eee ee ee ng ee Bele I-4 ENitlancenvestibules( 209) ACmL SO peers memes es eee ere ee ence oe ee ee ee ee ey 11.1. I-5 EMtrancerrialls (21/0). Coles 0 Dasesermaeees tenes ue Ne nian ae RE eck ey ee ee rhs eee Ree eae eae te iE 1-6 ENA Ges alle G20) pCa OO 5 emer neem nee eee a eee ee ore OER, tse nce eee a eee een eee ele I-7 Entrance: Plath 210). [uiric: 2 phe oie eee re, tte oe oe a aead evs ancts ns ncacabsade trans ee ancaapavenaieransts ale 1-8 Enitrancestialla blOors (2.1.0) Memo 0 mermmenentecenss Reman coos cot nett stores ee cance ston tsete ieent teen eee eee Lee I-9 Entrancestiall bh loOrs (2,0) Gael G2 heres fe ween cece ond: Cee ea te ea ens Pg ee ee ah. I-10 Periodicalphead to ROOM 24 yaks Oe crore nan ala ant aome csi rin eb bnnaet ies euero usec dbp sen pay tnbasecnas ee tenet eee Bute I-11 i ged aterabtart tier Yo ltetead Coley eyr died 1 CK oh | ay’ Gk Ye KES ee SeasD ie atone Re SSP nee Bnn dose enol etl es salar Tore fe sis Melee yr Tee I-12 oh Tate foe 1 EOP V ONT Foal Sata Treg eal oc earwies Baye, @ he oltae aimee Meee eae MMe kee ay aE Enrol MBM niente ce FEae EDS Cards Lies I-13 Newspaper Room (original periodical reading room) (214), C. 1900 oo. eeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseseesesees Weil: I-14 Newspaper Room (original periodical reading room) (214), €. 1905 00.0.0... .sesersssscecscsesssecenceresceees Dee I-15 Newspaper Room (original periodical reading room) (214), C. 1926 ou... esssessessseecececeecesecescseoees lee 1-16 LEAS Da FO MeO IT b LAC Calne me EL a hoes area tte aerate teas rant teas cata eccoceeneasnnn ceateconsece ils I-17 Gurrent- LELiOd Cals ROOM ECZiL > PAL te Tob | OO sete eee ca ee ee reer ee eee Ee I-18 New Periodical Room (old Boviston street driveway) (214), 1900.00.00... eseceeceeeeeeeseececceceeseseeseeeee ee I-19 OP ALAN Oe RO ih (O02 Coy LO cere se cae ene nc cae grantees tems encase pgzsersarnacerepyesusaroeseees 1 be We I-20 tea laloeite: BOOM, (202), DEEGTER GO: a c5uaa a apenvay ait rnaasassncaeqnaess osneesienrsarsnccneonsares so¥eroneradcevesinedeasharnendae> els I-21 Pataloguchoom: (202). Afters LOO Ome, ccgsere ce casos etaiicen ett a: aceroesanesenevanssaseenansiien czocivenssesvancnsharatebesnsussriecedebeny ale [-22 SRE OE BORIC OOTINC UL) sey creates ge cdacntataa senna pucat ara ews eves feaxtns dunssnny space cnanectubieed castvormsocncebonneasecabeant iaie I-23 RECOM pee Grint LIC DAL CITICF ite CU.) eo tI cra saa eat aaa oer reg ace unabeceee ge sroreeana ease a Vick I-24 Grandtstaincasesbialli(20 7) 1Gabl oO 4 eee teem te meets eek ec ras esheets Se I-25 GrandiStalneasepbtal le( 2.0 7s) seco OT Geemarc ree ers ac ne ae ce ee eS eee EE ce ae et te Prete I-26 GrandyStaircasceb) alle (207s) aen tte rae Oy 0) rere cere reese ania oe ean ae ee en ee en eee Diels I-27 ROCOTIC MLO tani tse CreryOr: (a) s (ol eo cee cence, vars cr eee nk ee eo LET 1-28 AIOE TT Ta EWS) ais ORCL fe PN Pe aie eto eal ier Oise Peep IEE baits be stdin te sly ys tba Seb Aes Map ioe tee nd isi 1-29 Bates; Elalle(40 SD PD SGe Mm Dera line OO cece eee ec ee a ee ea ee te ee ates ee PEA. I-30 Bates: Fall 405) Gm SOS meee eee near terre ei eee, acne eae em ete Ae rn uh cee eect aaaes Piel I-31 Date SEA AUe NOT ee Sten LRN nea acraty st ge vase ansriaca este eer ies opts iam osm sneeteeomsnrae node me neon ee I-32 Bates, HallaN ott ly risea a0 oC ih eeug k ce sears cea Peet aces Nos catenin an dag annem de cescpsreacashosonannsinearncsnandeleanins ae Y 1-33 I SEAROOM a PU Ves Sha pit c te He GREEN Wee FS) Ta E MRS IR aa oO PRE Ror Ronee ee ae RR Lie 1-34 Beare ened alee MLL IINATIS Gal Aisi he ee LI) soar ee peste opicaa ecancte sand o-nteraxecainshims sen euats toe sncsiitaapausbanenSuasesokgupechoatsh GL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC List of Figures tt tft ttt tt tt — en ee ee a ee ee ee) Page viii ATA ol iad sill ea wth ma pate oes —— — ts , 1a? 7° © OSA .ss FeeRi) aegis ‘ ——S Ne) eat =~ ° ° e = et. i i] * oe e ‘je ’ oe “a oe ' = 4 is ‘ oo! ral ' . iP. KPELAt ts ys) Titi jy a Mae ey ind obi Hemel a none Wh Ab ARO 17a nL ’ otemeg! ee atny Ape’ i + op 5 | pf °3I6 i “6, 49° v0 : @ WA) \) ah Ee ix a ‘ ‘ Aue iy Oe ee a A MO haete 7.4) 2 OO @& is 4 i as! § ai Aenea Tre - oie aks — , , * 7 { ' ' oh 1999-60 é ike a ae i) oe en ensle Oe - ; ; wf Sane a _ timp Pe staan — aig hides »_ le oem heed, ew ARS 9 LDS fiat i ; A Okie Abs APY bait 9 jot t ntl mar gis: 9 fp LAs : O14) veo, oe ae Leal Pp adaal nee 8.59 “e6y tegen S09, aap ae me SARIS eee ermee y _ . a hae aoe hele, a a ass a ny ia “ens | ag ve } Aur is H F el 4 % | es | Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1-35 1-37 1-39 41 142 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC List of Figures EE EA MR Ss ee C1) oot FERRO ee ie Se 11.1.1 sg ti gh ot LL) 2 | = eR a De a can nD A enn Se ee 11.1.1 ce ee Ty AT) Psa] | = eee see ine Sea nae nee cS ES ee ee a 11.1.1 ce NU Bd ee eC 2) Boel | 2 Ri es roe ee ee 11.1.1 oe Da a a at 6) a) Be) Ue a ee ee ee 11.1.1 ee op Na BS) ead) ieee ee RE SC i ea Sea ee 11.1.1 ye Re a ba bra ee 2), Sc Ee ene Senne ea Beene nS 11.1.1 ee ge Eee ES) le Oe Te he Ar ae DCN eae Ses a ee 11.1.1 ee Tel a RU et Cy a A! | ee «ee ey | Re | Sey Ah eat bt a Be RI ea OA 11.1.1 ey Eg areal bat Peon hs. Tw ES ne ee 11.1.1 Dicer Alcove ncunisie dee Ronen ase), C1 eee 11.1.1 ee ee C1 era Bas Sea a nae als & aol ee Se Sea RE 11.1.1 We Be YB eed he te dR a ed ee ee 11.1.1 cece Wecaebeecey ceca vere Misi leet Dears pn te 11.1.1 Book Railway Depository: George D. Kenney (422), c. 1926 ______-_______-__--_-_--------—-_—_—— 11.1.1 od ep es ed a td ed SL 7. ani ene seman 11.1.1 pee Be ie lat og rod St oa |! | Se cen ee 11.1.1 Pa rumeeesy~ Macro (O50) 5 Coc rieaen 0y B tet elao 11.1.1 Re wna Deacons (CORO) eB a ah cto 11.1.1 1 og ee CTL) Mena B22 Rite mc rss el a pe ed RR ca Ek Rf Nes La siande Se nome ie el 11.1.1 Pp ee Bee TL Da po oes a ee Ss Cr ee eee 11.1.1 Be eg eT gd OS ha cen ee ke ed le SRNR De eA cs oes a = na 11.1.1 Fe gee ek A i a cece scare Hd sn an hs en eel le aa Seo aS tlie Nae A 11.1.1 EE PRUeaStcire MORRIE ODER, WY RIC RINIC I ce erg ee 11.1.1 le Re aT ees ey Ef oe a A peter octet ER Diet te liealit 2 gece ce SA te ee aR DN ROE 11.1.1 cama E NRK te, We PCO ECD SS Oc) ee ee 11.1.1 MIMO TE-UCR eh RM DCONN G-SMICD 5 Ms NOU re a eg 11.1.1 LEESON oF AEE CUO), Co Oe ee 11.1.1 Cnldten sion Ck: Flos Room) t40i)) alter ft ee ee eee Ye Bey | ie ST Deg 2) mae A Cie Bae ccna en Ran te a ROR ee en ak A Seal a, i111 WE ori eal BL CACY ay ia AY a Nelo tet aceastaltaal Et i eR te 2 RE a A IAAI Pac OE ee SD 11.1.1 Paletit BOUmMs anree ds DLICTIANiieTEE C400), C. 1900. SS By | we ye Te Fa) RED OF Bs ot Fk eterna en Se ON ee ce I el SN Be aR ORNS 11.1.1 See CRI © AO A er ee ee kk Ba as | Td ee ol cd bo eee ete detect 4 ec Ae minis Reta ied Acad te 2A as Ve 2.5 = aR 11.1.1 ee Cage poe de) Poe neemne aos Nh ae cnet eta eee Daa UR iy Bec ™ ee bo a eee a SO 11.1.1 OMT eg ye Se sane ammeter om aevenleatad seers Reali Satta tad te nee 2 A ce bean aE Oe ERE a 11.1.1 SM ee Bo ep 2 e py he aS Beal dlisteoe babel tae Sol A abet emer het te NS ae SOOO Eee a PSR 11.1.1 Pe ea ple) op fon bso a sete ents Es Mii nella SL Beeertek de as Conta See oeee 11.1.1 SE AA a ee a een ree eae 1111 a ey gy go) dO A A os J feteana et Ee er a a ae Se A 11.1.1 SE AES We Serer ee ee ee eee ee ee 11.1.1 er ee ok rG 7. ip) Maa tt — hab - veal pare as: 4f. , ‘a Laine sear pane : 8 yn as eaheg Mth Bene Tye, rw ar | (eae - > ‘ -e iy - 7s oe ae | “5 oo gaol 7 : af — ae Tae) 6 GIS) Geddy nee 4 hin vig e eet Ot 2D edh, ’ ' => «hom a. . le pe: ’ ig ~y { ' uy 4 Gi? C(O Gye ‘ ‘ ‘ ~ ; 7 ee ah i 7 wv a Aes pw wi ay vt hee Ae Si P+ hinge tbe Set 7 . Par totes : on QOith od erhtby utd wi | jideaaeaean sea rms ee ries ae a ait; ‘en | $03 ee hoa 7 rcs: pain WEEE 5 rRRy oo iw qa bones MERI AD sCHF), ps a tI al ’ ‘ + ts _ eel, 2 oe - bidt, dep i hae 7 Dee i'l = , or if ae ~~ Pd =, 7 au ion: ee oe — Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report List of Figures I-78 PAIMCPA TSE ROOTING) MATLCTB] OO) /mecersttrcseetrccte ste sect te et cacte cate ccee ce cera tooreteacet soo ee nee croc eee a eects ees lalate! 1-79 Rises ATes POONER Lila) PAR CERA LOS erect ccs Sipe cae ce aga Poe nth: See von cs es Caecnnce easepsompsnsanseninies Lit.) I-80 ITI CPALTSUROONITWRLO 2) 2Con LO 217 mre e een a ce ec cere ee So Sen Coe SD oc eae caciektenicue plete! I-81 FA GrArtspROOITIN GOS EC om O Dimmer aeminee tae terns en, ence ON Ta ees tee caste rece fo steccascccnscevluceneacetvoces aaa I-82 Bitiee artG cating ROOM, SOUL, GOrmGOl i? £5) 5,6: L900 -cc.scnssecanaeccrscencaatepnsace: csasiacstunepes ceased drasesetensiys< it I-83 RS Ca DEAT IO Se VUES COTE IC athe eis OL od Set Se ots ence nso syenr snrssrnscAnsasasossdeee eb tee nodes petahtanendipyonnvesess Tht I-84 SUSCIAIEL LD EATIOS WESENGO LIC OM (ee) Nee Lhe icky cx reco casconcecuceasupaascssalvosssasersarouasnininsradehedorseeraccraaseesears LRT I-85 SRS Tet CATER VEST COT ENCES Why are once sac ecoe once can Sn gnt she eegeee ga caacete patgnedsehocanwseanbvosevaaes Ered I-86 Speciallibrartess West: COLAO KG slg) eh NORCO fs cetera cepcasschasesesnmnassacasxssrooahedsdnazasicivecosevesttsctar¥iixeseaee leer I-87 SCL iat ADT area NOLL COTTICOTE Fi fe COL 29) fate test slodantat nckanscunasestocracanssacnse touches atatanes neteeienea saneaick Tier! 1-88 Sie Ca SacI ESFALIES TM OTEN COPTICONa a ei Ne CL 29) daa pearccns eundsecececdraneaser wenlacdssactncsteteropec apne tayerien ani eeeeentaan ee i ge I-89 Patenie Gorn (OMI al Bite ry) Md Cet k GU 2 ro cccmpues dee tabte ates soaslhe tee tiensinonpcearnanseont rmerevt eauhct gua Reasuetuse alg itdl 1-90 Bincinipe Je Par tinene Dia SACI UeeL AMCIUOIS Cr LOL O ciitensterdcvtrtics ooxcusvosncs vecessucb ern tatusvsknsensersnuneevensbu¥s by be 1-9] Pritecin® Department Dla Zden SUCeEPNCGION Cy 1926. 8ikcaettonpturectocosecaveb anccsscnasestedebeceous sousanescerewsuntewyd Litt 1-92 Binding Department: William Connell Blagden Street Addition, C. 1926.00... ceeseseeseeeseseeeeeeeeeees tit Contemporary Photographs: Exterior CE-] Preston ered ENC VAtON gM ays 0 tes een nce cae ne cman Sin Since nen bccn Sak abinpavsiegupipoy anacrtanenak-eore bi? CE-2 BDlagdenmtrcetielevation; Mayet Os eee acre ttn, cree. e- Reece oo ee Mee clare ca ocsnos pga ensexevaccentcnamnoruspepssonscrsiras Piel? CE-3 PRESTICEMSGUEES MAY.) 99S 2 meme eB Oe, I asap pan cee ssid choiznnpinn courte teed endeldualiaarbitieseneenseuanne duactacsvie 1).1.2 Contemporary Photographs: Interior CI-1 POMMCPARRC OE EL ALN LS 1) A UIUISE f hek lett B tens dscns fon as tania on arta -nnecurknscancesnsuessatea a sanvansuarseasueakssccopioecsivayvaens LLL2Z CI-2 Prtrance: Ball (210) (Aus sty LOS eee ee acs ean ote cera ae OM AO oa ak cae se nnspbeagunenenne ae seoduubnpasstoncesadansutee ele le CI-3 North Cordon: Wall Painting (261) pest O07 oan cada chys stances sceeate cateste testedtates weusesseransodsssesavnesenensss LLL CI-4 North Corridor: Wall Painting- Post Restorations (211), August 1997 0.0... tessssesseseccesessscceesseneees ete? CI-5 Penodical Reading Rosny (2 U4 eA ousted 99 7 risen deme tet w sien sceaatenesoscesuuseecnnce sonsapasaassopsidcannnsxerepnainconnasseos Licle2 CI-6 Current Pemodical Room 4215) BAUgUst 1997 sags teesen ss suse qecnna2tac anrhesigadssaos6i>ciedvun stus¥aeichuans figdnscensereayaier Le e2 CI-7 Bovyiston Street Driveway (216 eA rsoarcts ) 99 Fa ee sae ait cas onnnva rcewseatoiarncenecanrnvais oh taiteudesh Gatceenrsnsennes 1 Oe Be CI-8 CatelGgue ROOM 202) Aptis OO foe catecetaane see epee ME tay exoeance den ana iaunne sacbrogestensesi~dasvepsoshFchgenshapacuickasccnses 111.2 CI-9 RBA C ALCOR EROOC)TIAA 02), NURS UIS (2 80d tetas ae ee aed Set A a occas sac Uncen ccs ec esas amcanasexece ston a co scennaesussees ele? CI-10 | Catalogue Room: View of Trinity Church Across Copley Square, August 1997 .0.......ceseseseseseeeeseees 9 Gl | 7 Recewins Sar rer ne ROG (201) TA Ottst eh 09 (tec cai. vssccucusssvceonsesiateacosesncescsostecnseasasvicirovnncsnnsntopssassonsnsen ip ig N24 Gide es Bates Plalla sous A DSe (A051 May LOO ae sc kacer apr ch oan anet hub chy yo TRIE Glen East Ryo EAE ixasentodsnecevenedbes i Os CI-13 Bates Ela SIN OFA S56 £A0 5) NEA VS GO Beet ance potaslen Mean icin ica cedotnderes-tehrcoueanhenrssvopabeceevvaeatessanesncovene Pisie2 CI-14 Bates PlallawWestiwailhtd05),, Mav 1908 oo oo. tetas, ct teargnctith «_ secttasere sage Loh tik bass Riess snacdaeceececenrqseossssnnnshsusse: IL phe Gl-15” Bates Mall: Wese Wall; Door to Delivery Room (405). May 1908 oo. essa 2 eecncuhenodesorn cunts teeddesencercencese RE CI-16 Bates Halla eshvvalbcenialrnirance Door (405). May | 998 sais cateccemsstancusasocdessrsccssecesarcsacahevssusens ele COE bi eA ALCS EA Alc OULCEE SAIS RMT Oh SU FMLA LING coon oes ec gece cated ep oeeect cncaeunaes Scapeuatnccuntcs! Lizl.2 CI-18 Bates tai, Darrel vaulted Gottered Ceiling (405). May lo QS or rec acsaucateccctunawestpenisdntedsesonoesenesdenases Tillers CI-19 Delivers oom: Entrancerlmomn ly) AUS US LOO Tago eter cats actarnnsssansnovmsapacrntuncrsnnpasteronnseseseiaehtons ie2 CI-20 pa Pe Wien ed hore tee) (ECB Geos \ Cra VL a4 Re 12 VE Bleeder ga aian ssp m Aone aCe vr Seon ey 2p ee ae ne a eee Tee Lee Deel vera ernie SAE FAS gc ncds ncreosenctunsinncassnaneanbsspncaasoapnarnsouonn wns sha git) Aen eimiece 2 Oe”... Ge | ecb Aene Sariivabnte + eI TOG Levert trem + ra wy PUD 5 hee ays meqe® er WDE herhcnltt Ueyicad mn Avytn® - Cs Sy © «t4, roelines ete Mi vie Oa ties ~ ‘ 7 7 of ip a \ivehdt, a ae youahy heed at ia ° weedy ee ee - ; ; / . an . heal dee ee : At — 7 LR Fp: ui a ioe ee hes Oe of the dee “a4 - \ ‘ went na evi ba fall te _ Sk, HL Perbuy. cow ie4 pane hon an ye wre « aw) 4 ve aw wat) aie Pace j <= WW! ade, AC ee Pee, a) nt i TOC. eee a 2 saicanaat ’ yo mo pan m4 od 7 ws wae Js Leak dd Ai gst sa eae hl arc wot | fo: os Perot 2 pit he f caine aT a | mal yuiyemyth- a he er a. 00) aT aA i “eo wih He it foto tm dev onl oma RY ee sig" lat alg ac Oe ne et “ iA a ; yaa ab _ , pace: pul je “a Ne a . 4 | . . eres sige r mathe |) 7 ‘Ma . ray ah | oie ieee "3 ene ay ‘a Pace prea cee oageheordt ©. by : Pe eta ot ge a - a 7 ‘ Le * “i sal nal hts alae su wa? aot 3 vee a : WAH a mah Diy on ti ls - fal oe Fe ian £4 it Peer emai Gi) Neavov aes niet tay) 1% oebe ome ete ign! reat hye i’ oa ee mu ad of Podviiatna thee iu ee TOLLN tae “Opt Wot ¥) “sdb irs 6A Pi. ae ii op A o£ ORY OF Prfgi ih: 2} ee a ce f i at APs i» Wiser 4 ris (eye. 2 ey 5S thet iid (> ae Ae + uy a? ih Ag OG" eds ey (ANALG > ee gagr — ayn tt. ThE Haat . on in om! Tt ‘yooh Sate Aw ar ine = 4 sea TN Bae, al! ee uy tif iT oo ane ) ee Hit inag 9 ‘ ¢ ae = ay — U , = ie * emul ray 9 poly 7 ad : 2 a ga? Amn bee oo 4+ i] @ vi = "i Ft " ia! AR f 7 ‘ ee Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Acknowledgements In the preparation of the Boston Public Library Historic Structure Report, the staff of Building Conservation Associates, Inc. received invaluable assistance from various persons and institutions, without which the research would not have been possible. Primarily, BCA would like to thank the Trustees, administration, and staff of the Boston Public Library for accommodating the various requests for information and resources. Katherine Dibble, Supervisor of Research Library Services, and John Dorsey, Research Library Assistant, were especially helpful in finding resources within the Library’s collections. The staff of the BPL Rare Books Room provided assistance with correspondence files and the BPL Papers collection. In addition, the majority of photographs provided in the appendices of this report were found with the help of the BPL Print Department staff. In addition, BCA would like to thank Mary Beth Betts, Curator of Architecture at the Department of Prints, Photographs, and Architecture, New York Historical Society for her assistance with the McKim, Mead & White Archive materials and Manuscript collection. Finally, Dan Kaney, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University helped to provide important McKim and Guastavino drawings used in the research. William Barry and David Bliss of Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott have contributed resources in the form of time and information regarding their work in the 1990s restoration of the McKim Building. They have also provided some of the drawings found throughout the Historic Structure Report. David Hollenberg of the National Park Service, has also contributed knowledge and oversight throughout the research process. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page xiii ' ee eee pr) ce Uae aia Owe > rw ns «itt PPI’! eee 7 My 7 4.8 o 2 ‘wae . win vf if ci aa nisi i a ae net +L A Site Ale 5068 1 ae lad seal ia cS Apal* vat 6 bs Ms jt a sare adi " , “n ay Abr d ery ‘es sett “la (bie woh . Litt Bote Geter: tg water bs Hog ‘pa Teton aig ; ats 496 50 Olt ds lh done RoR eS oe Miche) bar aan urHh fh are eat a OWS etd 3 hel it) Chel Pee. Athy: 468% Gs jersey j aN sth a 7 ig) of 55's pte cmt Page 4 y Moka hd A rae . AP eM el ows AP per 1 . ere hh re bet ; pins Mis Am to ued ase wert (2 3S sr roa?) 2200067 a nds nie me me as al wu Tawi . lena \ i es a | i : 6 in a Wi? a a, , Bo ae * av a a i -« ad 1.0 Introduction Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction The Boston Public Library is a grand Renaissance Revival building, designed by Charles Follen McKim, and built between 1888 and 1895. Conceived as a “palace for the people”—“built by the people of Boston” and “open to all”—the Boston Public Library exemplifies Boston’s 19th century public spirit of municipal pride and philanthropy. McKim’s design for the Library, inspired by the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve in Paris, heralded the rebirth of Classical Revivalism in America. His embellishment of the building with the paintings of John Singer Sargent, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes and Edwin Abbey, and the sculptural work of Louis and Augustus St. Gaudens and Daniel Chester French, integrated art and architecture in a precedent setting masterpiece unrivaled in its time. McKim’s Boston Public Library is square in plan, measuring 225-feet long, 227-feet deep, and 70-feet high (from the sidewalk to the cornice). It is three stories on the front elevation and seven on the rear (the grand stories in the front of the building are divided to accommodate stacks in the rear, see fig. H-9). The exterior walls are constructed with Milford granite and the hipped roof is sheathed with terra cotta tiles. The principal (east) facade of the Library, which faces Dartmouth Street and Copley Square, has a rusticated first story and a second story comprised of an arcade of thirteen arched windows (figs. E-29, CE-1). Three ornately carved arches at the center of the east elevation form the Library’s main entrance. The arched openings are filled with wrought iron gates and pairs of bronze doors that were designed by Daniel Chester French. Wrought iron light fixtures are mounted on the sides of the entry arches, and bronze sculptures by Bela Pratt stand on granite pedestals on either side of the entrance. A low granite seat extends across the entire length of the building. The second story arches are filled with wooden window sash, configured in a Roman grille pattern. Below each window are stone panels with a single window at their center. In the window panels above the entry arches, there are three seals: one of the Library, one of the City of Boston and one of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The other panels are inscribed with the names of great writers, artists and scientists. In the spandrels between the arches there are stone medallions, carved by Domingo Mora, commemorating the printing trade. Above the arcade is a narrow frieze inscribed with the mission of the Library, and above the frieze is the granite cornice. The cornice consists of a row of carved lions heads, topped with a bronze cheneau. The ridge of the roof was orginally trimmed with a copper cresting and copper finials at the corners. The wall treatment of the east (Dartmouth Street) elevation is repeated on the north (Boylston Street) elevation. The three arched openings in the first story of the Boylston BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 1 ; ati ’ v ‘ Viele ; I & (ne van : , Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Street elevation originally served as a porte cochere. In 1902, this use was abandoned, and the eastern two arches were reconstructed to function as windows in the new Periodical Room. The third arched opening continued to provide access from Boylston Street to the first floor Periodical Room and Patent Library and to the second floor Lecture Hall and Children’s Room. Use of the Boylston Street entrance was abandoned in 1968. The Copley Square subway kiosk, built in 1912, stands in front of the east and center arches. The Boylston Street arcade has seven arches, but unlike the Dartmouth Street elevation, the Boylston Street arches are not filled with large windows. They are wholly or partly filled with Levanto marble and small windows reflecting the interior configuration (fig. E-40). On Blagden Street, the south elevation, the rusticated first story and arcade extend for six arches, to the entrance for the administrative offices and stacks. Beyond this entrance, the south wall is devoid of architectural ornamentation and the fenestration consists of six stories of small windows that provide light to the stacks. (fig. E-30). The west exterior wall of McKim’s Boston Public Library was originally intended to be granite; however, when land could not be purchased to make this an independent wall, it was constructed with brick. Brick was less costly and deemed more easily altered for future expansion. The west wall has now been completely covered over by the Johnson Building. The plan of the McKim building is organized around an interior court. On the first floor, the Library is entered through a broad and low entry hall, whose vaulted ceiling is covered with a marble mosaic. The Entry Hall provides access to the original Catalogue Room, Receiving and Ordering Department, Periodical Room, and the interior court. Book-stacks are located at the southwest corners of the first floor, second floors and both entresols. The Grand Staircase Hall, which ascends from the Entry Hall, is framed by a massive marble arch (fig. I-6). The stair runs straight to a landing, where it splits, and a double stair ascends to the second floor corridor. The Grand Staircase Hall is constructed with yellow Siena marble, and its walls are decorated with the mural paintings of Pierre Puvis de Chavannes. The second floor of the McKim building contains its grand public spaces. Bates Hall, the public reading room, is a two-story barrel arched space that extends the full length of the east elevation of the building. The walls in Bates Hall are constructed of Amherst sandstone and its ceiling has ornate plaster coffers. The thirteen windows of the east elevation arcade provide ample natural daylight for the Reading Room. The second floor also houses the original Delivery Room, decorated with the wall paintings of Edwin Abbey, BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 2 AO Vell, 2d saul ers eee : aver Gh EL era are Bay MO ieee marity hoe re ee pit i ‘vy fh lela itech ae) waa | Se i | ie SPST Ae Abies Vw riz roll <0 etttiahy deme? ha oh hen ice Ue inten sei) Qppt, 7 er ib Ori ae re AS | ic bp a ae @ v9 Avi i —— iene ' ig tot PS? TE OE hr ee ee sah yt. slat Spy eee . 4 “ew ts > Sena Oy REG] rh ha | rego Tit SP eine 3 . ad hi). * aan were ses ok tm! Pas ty 7, Lies we A ! ce oe met benay lot! ius wt ye. oat) crak Poe % Meio we anh © 7 r¥et jGdpr Lap hs +7 Wt rp te UJ ’ ‘ly i@ ty ? i 1) ? ry myer wil r Vega ipa vit dima ei ae ee Mahala >? Iiypmaag o he ro et) Bae steal & els > vet nash? ¢ mea peas ry GTS. nde s he Pp) ee Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction the original Children’s Room and Patent Rooms, and the original Lecture Hall. As on the first floor, the book-stacks are located in the southwest corner. The third floor of the McKim building houses the Special Libraries and the Sargent Gallery. The Sargent Gallery is reached by a set of stairs leading from the Venetian Lobby on the second floor and provides access to the Special Libraries that encircle the interior court. Since its completion in 1895, the Boston Public Library has been enlarged with two additions. The first addition, called the Annex, was designed by Joseph McGinnis and built in 1918. It was a five story brick building on Blagden Street.’ It housed the Branch, Printng, and Shipping Departments, the Bindery, and additional stack space. In 1968. the Annex was demolished, and the Johnson Building was constructed. The Johnson Building is a monumental modern granite structure, designed by Philip Johnson. It maintains the roof height and profile of the McKim Building, but is devoid of exterior architectural ornamentation and interior artwork, creating a stark contrast between the two buildings. The Johnson Building currently houses the Library’s circulating collection, a large lecture hall, and the Library's administrative offices (figs. E-55 to E-58). This Historic Structure Report is for the 1895 McKim, Mead & White building. The 1918 Annex and the Johnson Building will only be discussed within the context of their impact on the McKim building, particularly with regard to the changes in use of interior space generated by the construction of these buildings. This Historic Structure Report for the McKim building traces its architectural history. It explores the derivation of McKim’s design, the building’s original construction, alterations made to the building since its opening in 1895, and the current restoration being undertaken under the direction of Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Architects (SBRA). A brief section also outlines Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines for the future care of the building. The report does not include the analysis of the historic building fabric for purposes of comparative dating or the development of treatment recommendations. Nor does it contain specific design or restoration recommendations. The appendices contain reproductions of historic photographs, original McKim, Mead & White drawings, a list of existing BPL drawings, original Contract Documents and Specifications, and other important primary source documentation used throughout the research. In addition, the appendices contain a reproduction of Herbert Small’s, 1895 edition of the Handbook for the Boston Public Library, five technical studies prepared for the réstoration work, and recommendations for future research and conservation of this documentation. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 3 no 4h Fal earl legend wes 5 repeat ocr Be ermal lt a ato Saute i! ey pes vig’ (est: See) ai eiiahhs 4 Tris ge vr ving alms bid « cms » (att thesia “Windgherbe di, -atpet ‘feat (opt Peceurhal fbr” Seana aaalali ate «ambit L.pepely i ee «ca oi ae as: yt Pes : no toh ee asdeRe reguiclyts satprhels ‘say . ae a eta \? 4 | pmatiy | ee airy: yline re ee ‘, nai antiga wuts pak he - pull fps gta fe, lieeerad't . ‘ darted eve , WY poneod pie oe conan yates ASP a LIT ise ign i; onraatoaee ii}! wit? Alea ‘sft benwot® Pisa gia a pansion Bt vy el SR any Weaign eta lapesia brit a lta, Pie 9h y prea Peds at Gael ti Dike si aa ehee Sen wie), og hee ; ae abelbae wet ‘% te) ey 3 si feck ihe pei oOo itl SE pine sob ' paar er ee “¢ ped uJ side fe y “ } vs r Dis ob O° nt! lags (ge hoe ee Ay Pe mint en i4® i Wo DCS, viii All al Ternt: A Vitad ¢ rb ia) atis 3A) Prog “— dei Lara tg i mised fk tga way 8 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Room numbers have been assigned to spaces in the Mckim building by Sheplev Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott for the 1990s Restoration. These room numbers are used throughout this report to identify rooms in both the historic and restoration sections. The following floor plans illustrate project room numbers. The following abbreviations (in alphabetical order) have been used in the report and appendices: A,C&G A&G BCA BPL F&G HSR MMW NYHS SBRA SPNEA Ames, Child & Graves Ames & Graves Building Conservation Associates, Inc. Boston Public Library Fox & Gale Historic Structure Report McKim, Mead & White New York Historical Society Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 4 dined seiga oaths a Linas ere OF OMT cee a fell naked sult te Lepr sande {16 Sait? ¢> aor! Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Basement N—-> Se OS ii Se = BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES !NC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott . ' oiintati eine we nied i SAPS. OD »< sete OU ot Sane Pa Ss ; é a4, @ t] ’ y bh ogre ¢ te Das i yi 2a 4 ae ' < y = ~~, 27 ie na a fh = 4 rc ayy J 7 ee a i ; ' 9 ia D sad < - yaa > © 5 ‘fae G * te oD ¢ i, / , “” rez . ‘ 7 Pe er ré : woe : Ceo eee it” Gay Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction ie] . SAS LOL ae sae ee i} i | BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction N—- Ground Floor r — =a 226 + 227 b) fe} 2) Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Entresol A N= S int Ni {po uh UTEN| ~ ieee BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES !NC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott i +) es <<. Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Bates Hall Floor N- BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott me = a > By me. 4 = z pay ae rs * = Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction a eS SS SS ee BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott agoy ; jit *) oaths sae te ayn as: Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Entresol B Ne ft -ewtweowew ss 6cS 60< ese esee oe Maes Me Pos Pra Pos Pa ee ee a ee i eS ee) " BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott } 4% ne == > =e 66 ’ - ie Ma== is re Se = : Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Special Library Floor N- BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Special Library Mezzanine $$ $f 1.0 Introduction BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott 7 ays i CaN rs aie Ae PUSS 7 2 eo e eb oe San iar é ay Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction eee SF FT TAET pes 4 . +4 \ | —— 4--~-} wales dear filer Bs a ell | pee i ' ‘ ! 1 SH = % - : ' F \ ( i BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC — Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Section AA Special Libraries Floor El. +47'-0° Bates Hall Floor El. +23'-6" _——— —\53 |. +0'-0' BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Sections CC and DD 1.0 Introduction YY yaries Floor Floor eee | BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott AE a fe en Fi ey P tid in a ; Pe ao Cy Mee oe Pa - , + i, mua) (o.2te © ear ‘ * i ' > on <<: i yy al i} 52 : 5 e + Pe@ens 7 [ i € & 4c<— ® 7 al 6 - ate 7 a ae 4 sn sinaiet i. ae a a 7 : \ > aa a5 6 a = a > oe 7 : a al =. 7 - fy bak) Ma : » Pim 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 1.0 Introduction Sections EE and FF ‘ oO N E F scial Libraries Fir El. +47'-0° Special Libraries Floor EI. +47'-O° ick 6 El. +37'-6° ick 5 El. +29'-0" ick 4 El, 420-6" ae a El. +20'-6" ick 3 El. +12'-0" ck 2 £1. 43°6 ee Ground F ankle tt diel loor x1 EL 5-0" geo tes ITU 5.100 snow tc Sa ne —-- A = r bl H ———e Special Libranes Floor cam ‘ El. +47'-0° Bates Hall Floor El. +23'-6" tiem aa ia er BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott | 4 pay 4 : a } .* 4 1 { id! ogo With as . ° 1g BK: 2 bye ates). OUR ee : ee ae at a ve A a ee es ee a Os tp a z WES ner : ar a —— — fig f ‘ . as nee i Oe vinw4 e-em. TR 2.0 Summary of Research 2.1 Repositories 2.2 Overview Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 2.0 Summary of Research 2.1 REPOSITORIES The research for this Historic Structure Report has included the archival materials held by the following repositories: The Boston Public Library (BPL), Boston, MA* BPL Drawings Archive: Architectural Drawings BPL Print Collection: Historic Photographs BPL Trustees’ Records: Trustees’ Minutes Trustees’ Annual Reports Scrapbooks BPL Papers: Trustees’ Correspondence McKim Correspondence Secondary Sources: Library Handbooks Sources Cited in the Bibliography * The majonity of these documents were found in the Rare Books and Manuscripts Department and in the Trustees’ Records, courtesy of the Trustees of the Boston Public Library. New York Historical Society (NYHS), New York, NY McKim, Mead & White Archive: Architectural Drawings McKim, Mead & White Manuscript Collection: Correspondence and Specifications Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University, New York, NY McKim, Mead & White Collection: Architectural Drawings Guastavino Collection Photographs and Drawings Library of Congress, Washington, DC The Papers of Charles Follen McKim: Correspondence BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 5 ce > P| hal a ry a ura Ae i Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 2.0 Summary of Research Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (SPNEA), Boston, MA Historic Photographs Robert Allen Cook Collection: Architectural Drawings Olmsted Archives Olmsted Correspondence and Drawings 2.2 OVERVIEW. The archival documentation for the McKim building is voluminous and contains some duplication, particularly in the drawings and historic photographs. It was the task of this Historic Structure Report to organize and synthesize the architectural documentation. All of the drawings located for the McKim building have been logged into a chart that identifies the content of the drawing, its source and date, and the collection in which it is held. This listing is included as Appendix 11.2 of this report. A listing of all the historic photographs of the McKim building has not been compiled for this report. The Boston Public Library’s Print Department is the main repository for the building’s historic photos. Their collection includes three volumes of construction photographs, as well as an extensive collection of photographs of the interior and exterior of the building. The Research Library Department of the Boston Public Library also has a collection of more recent photographs of the building. Because many of the historic photographs lack an identifying label or number, assembling an organizational list was not possible. Representative photographs from the collection have been reproduced for this report, and are presented in Appendix 11 1. The primary source material used for the report is identified in the bibliography. Various manuscript collections were used for primary source material. These collections are cited in the bibliography, while specific items within these collections are cited individually in the endnotes. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 6 mot (ene Ch ei fi0K A Mes ge ; i MASTS 71 Se 104 E> a cae Lap ‘4 “Ami a a e = én £s << — ~ MOH Ew ie al ow i) ae fT iOS gin 5 : f notdiis asi: : Oy Uy, coke eRReG ls y (“as ‘he ghd ay 10 tp; > ‘J 4 Sits ts b at a? \ 4°) | Vrs of? : } ot, VENT WRAY 2 \eihe Tay ee alTS ets ee | 3.0 Architectural Chronology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Chronology « eg ~ wf ' Ae - al bes “aye : wae 7 C ; in ; aor o Jt a , ae ae fe ¥ rt 7 ae he 4 Te ea . y n eae ; prey he ay « Pm ir ; 7 a “4 Ww ‘og aL a ratte, Yea Boston Public Library McKim Building ‘ Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 3.1 INTRODUCTION The architectural history of the McKim building is complex. The following chronological history of the Boston Public Library provides an overview of the key dates for the construction of, and alterations to, the McKim building. Entries in the Trustees’ Annual Reports provide the majority of information contained in this chronology. Within the Trustees’ Annual Reports, there are often reports from both the Director of the Library and the Examining Committee. The Director’s Report generally lists the accomplishments of the Library over the previous year. The Examining Committee, formed to critically assess the functions of the Library, often comments on efficiency of the design of the new building and recommends changes when necessary. These two accounts provide a great deal of insight into the construction issues of the building history. Unless otherwise noted, the information in this section is taken from the Annual Reports. Between 1940 and 1965, the Trustees’ Annual Reports do not contain information related to work done in the building. The information for these years has been gathered from drawings and specifications found in the BPL Drawings Files, City of Boston Building Department permits, and other sources noted in the bibliography. Room numbers noted in parentheses refer to the SBRA room designations as listed on the plans in Section 1. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 7 ary. uh) bee Navel i ts i % Set ale fs ares, 1 ee ; i. A f ‘ 7 Lan tr ee ane wi ik pe ae os pee a a . Y : ¥ | : we ee Ter aati ey | teu ¢ A Tar hh A a f a ~ : err? TNC MANE Sha oe Mae lee ae chapels ofaigs Minis | ee ah i oa Pee Es 4 h ‘ : - : oa ~t ba — : ry) fi : ve Own Ti o i 7 c 5 Ay : 7 *) a i -) , ) i ty f eens aj att oe Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 3.2 CHRONOLOGY 1852 e Boston Public Library founded. 1852-58 e Library housed in the Mason Street schoolhouse. 1858 e Library moved to new Boylston Street building, designed by Charles Kirk Kirby. 1880 e April 22, Chapter 222, Acts 1880—Massachusetts Legislature granted the City of Boston a library, on the condition that construction begin within three years.” 1882 e May—Trustees, along with the architects, Ware and Van Brunt, studied the possibility of converting the English-High and Latin School for use as the Boston Public Library. e August—Trustees rejected the recommendation that the English-High and Latin School be converted for use as the Library. 1883 e April—City Council agreed that the school was unsuitable for use as the library. 1884 e January—A specification was distributed for a competition for the design of the new library: (first prize—$4,000; second prize—$3,000; third prize—$2,000; and fourth prize—$1,000). Twenty architectural firms competed. e April 14—Mayor Palmer approved orders authorizing $180,000 for the purchase of additional lots on St. James Street (now Blagden Street) and $450,000 for the construction of the Library building. 1885 e January—Prizes were awarded for the competition, but designs were determined to be unsuitable for the building. $10,000 had been spent and the Trustees were no closer to building the Library than they had been in January of 1884. e March—Arthur H. Vinal (City Architect) was directed to prepare plans for a building that would cast $450,000 for the Trustees’ approval. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 8 Qant<. Shier 2s > Oe td i y, bli @ r 0 “nghrslt sis he We teiss (|e wie ety ‘ RAE @ Yo 7 “SRS cae Arita 3 . i . q - ‘ > © ¢ a | ’ . oti? Td Ome he write : | <9ee +. : ‘ / ; 4 woo hit Hi Je ’ arb? i bo ald VPs" reas ( | CAS geet fo dis 5 wy J ) ; OF a aT ae PY Fa fran ait 5 . ; - : =e . 046.1 MD ad oot RE I rl 4 : - i - PPadaapihiay oycetit H 10 5+) ey : AM i? ane reprint? on « yas nes | NG RTE Ore bev) se a oh ‘ + 7 f y . ; itty : : a m ot ade : ? shan x y © f : ; : a) ~ao¥ 6 . 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1886 ¢ July 20—Trustees’ contracted with A. H. Vinal for the foundations of the building. The foundations were built without a set of approved drawings for the building. e December—$73,600.20 had been spent on the foundations. 1887 e March 10—Chapter 60, Acts 1887—Trustees were given full power and control of the design, construction, erection and maintenance of the Library. Trustees relieved Vinal of his responsibilities for designing a new library. e March 30—Trustees signed a contract with the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White for the design of the Library. 1888 e March 30—Trustees approved the McKim, Mead & White plans for the Library and authorized construction to begin. e April 23—City Council approved a sum of $1,165,955 for the building of the Library. e May/June—Samuel A. B. Abbott became president of the Trustees. e July 23—Woodbury and Leighton awarded the contract for the construction of the Library. e November 28—Library cornerstone laid. 1889 e Foundations finished. e New system of fireproof flooring adopted for ground floor—Guastavino tiles. All of the ground floor, including the area outside the building and the arcade, was constructed on this new system of fire-proof flooring. The Lecture Hall floor (410), a portion of the stack floors and the ceiling of the ground floor of the main building were also based on this new system. The iron beams, which were obtained for the floors of the ground floor, were being used for framing the first floor. e Full size model of Bates Hall ceiling constructed in the stacks. e Model of main cornice constructed at the corner of the building at Dartmouth and Blagden Streets. e Exterior walls built to height of 11-feet above Bates Hall floor, except the rear section of Blagden Street, which is 7-feet above Bates Hall floor. e Vestibule on Dartmouth Street finished (209), except for the carving. e Marble piers in Entrance Hall set (210). e Blagden Street vestibule completed except for setting steps. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 9 gtathlind “xc. 20 bbwieniyh sale a(Uetaee Biit « Pye leg de ee & ‘ : : é, -/. ~ Ta) i | sh) 29 L) di ID ew Geer? -~ iat a 1 yténit! Dadtito SS ian Gite of a gna r an he = ie 7 we me Oro Date ’ f } \ t wi @ Bae or er & .=oM ct Lal i F ’ s ' ¢ iat i) Oem eee "eeu , ' ae Y i =») | ae | _ Lipees bi will Dol kF ER 14h WOR; hioneitt Be patent a | ee iW ease ods eel fae anc iy, or eprrpey ana ay 7 | J : getiv’ ives fia ‘7 i j ce ek ft srs alee © os a ray =a es sired Mie. 7)< 21ST ia Ais he Oe -) a) ~aie i : hires ee eee mis } ' wT O19 WR 4G |) ee vee fl) et ieee den oie en rv (een oe WE «6 we WS VE OMe fu OLY ee | jimunPoste 4s pth wt c wasraan 2i88an be, Fe wo) eso oft CEL. sind Wee joak-1 i 4 eS o wrthlt ol? oni oveata tost-7 ahah uliteug 4 Hh odnghy BPR bailrinn yorwine @ ar (ate ffs) +h gid rang poy sicgiona rept lads es Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1891 Louis St. Gaudens lions received and placed in the Staircase Hall (207). Contains lengthy discussion about the interior design of the Library. Contains discussions regarding the cost of the building. City Document No. 54 contains the questioning by the Committee on Library Department of McKim and S.A.B. Abbott about the cost of the building, (See Appendix 11.7). 1892 Blagden Street platform and steps completed. Sidewalk and railing on Boylston and Dartmouth Streets finished. Buffers, curbs, driveway pavement, pedestals for statuary and seals for Dartmouth Street entrance completed. Carving of frieze inscriptions and tablet on all three elevations of the building completed. Courtyard arcade and fountain basin set. Cellar concreting completed. Installation of mechanical systems was in progress. Heating apparatus was on, columns fire-proofed, and supports set for the book railway and pneumatic service. Coal and ashes railway installed. Iron shutters for outside windows underway. Iron staircases throughout the building completed. Beams, terra-cotta floor and all work connected with the elevators set. Periodical Room (214): brick wainscot and columns done, radiators set, register frames and air-ducts in place, fireproofing on walls completed and floor ready for terra-cotta. Map Room (Current Periodical Room, 215): brick and stone finish of the walls are complete and the walls plastered. The ceilir.g is painted and the marble door jambs and radiators set. North and South Corridors (211, 203): ceiling is plastered, walls ready for skimming and marble door jambs, wainscot, and electrical conduits are in position. Stonework for Bates Hall (405) finished and the ironwork for the ceiling were put in position, except for the north end. 1893 The report stated, “There has been no interruption of work upon the new Public Library building during the year. It has proceeded satisfactorily, and is not in such advanced condition that the building will be ready for occupancy during the year 1894...”° 1894 e Nothing reported. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 10 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1895 e City Document No. 135 summarizes the total cost of the building to the present. e The Library opened to the public. 1896 e 50 horsepower auxiliary engine added to Library. New engine carried the entire load from 6 am to 4 pm. New engine allowed the ventilating fans to be run throughout the library day rather than until 6 pm. e 2,150-feet of radiating surface added on Special Library floor and 366-feet in Newspaper Room (214) and Bindery (216). “With these additions, there has been no difficulty in keeping a comfortable temperature in these rooms, part of which during last winter were at times uninhabitable.” e Newspaper Room equipped with shelving for bound newspapers (214). e Eight M. P. Puvis de Chavannes panels installed in Grand Staircase Hall. e Ceiling of Chavannes Lobby painted by Mr. Garnsey. Staircase decoration completed (403). 1897 e New hoisting machine for the passenger elevator installed. Original hoisung machine found to be “imperfect in operation.” e Roof of the arcade re-laid with a coating of slate to remedy leaks. e Changes under contemplation, that were “properly chargeable to construction” included: | - Additions to the heating and ventilation systems. - Aservice elevator. - System of intercommunication between the stacks. - Enlargement of the space for the issue of books. - Adaptation of other (stack) space for administrative uses. - Construction of a gallery or mezzanine in the Newspaper Room to accommodate the patent collection. - Freeing the present Patent Room for a Children’s Room (407). - Work on the terrazzo floor. e Delivery Room and Children’s Room had chandeliers added (401, 406). e Domed rooms on the upper floor (Special Libraries) have had lights circling the domes added (702, 705). e Sketches for the bronze doors to be provided by Daniel C. French approved by the Trustees. e “Bacchante—The group of dancing nymph and child, offered by Mr. Charles F. McKim for the fountain in the courtyard, was at his request returned to him in June last. It is now placed in the Metropolitan Museum at New York.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 11 wy Hirt: «agg adhd $2 Quin Sea Te sain aie * : a salsa ‘ ‘ . 9 betes canal o (obdu: einem + , ‘an oh aed it idied _— aye 23 a & rv ' pel 209 ahe@ a > eA » Oey | — pap eons anv’, Rhee . Abit hen ; gia) +9 aab ene’: ai pea | fA > 2 ras oo a 7 bu: hig: gee seer 2) nate Se re yeni resol > Teen JIS Sal Be We oat ew nae ge I it in ag sii Sp AAA Die ‘ie Be dy | boggieps ape w Sf ee ny oe eee pre veil silat Sriaepenl Mi + aay Res pent pee ; Mv ptt ) , i a . oF. ried Hi Be hi 4) Vo tps * Ed. (Ts 1¢ ud hase SIEPE Nh» «j ’ kicker a ra bape | 'destins) 5 aren” vel Jay J ermaae 3 as TDF Beit? hi es) ee ee Mlgeetio >: ihn a sy a a Pha idee ee inte yp oeete ety Soy patsy? 94 rh Tagg sculel "Ad w rm Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1898 Third engine added to the heating system. 18-foot intake fan in the basement replaced with a 10-foot intake fan. Substitution of steam for hot water coils, to raise the temperature of the air drawn in from the courtyard to be forced up through the ducts. Installation of special ventilating fans in the Engine Room. Raising of the ventilating duct in the Engine Room so that it is above the high tide mark. Boylston Street driveway enclosed to create an inner periodical room (216). Existing Periodical Room enlarged by removing partition (215). Newspaper and Periodical Rooms in three large rooms en suite (214-216). Registration desk moved from Children’s Room (406) to Delivery Room (401). Children’s Room enlarged by the addition of the adjacent room (formerly the Patent Room) (406, 407). Collection of drawings and specifications for patents was moved to a room in the west wing that can be reached from the courtyard and from the Special Library floor. It corresponds to stacks 4, 5 and 6. The Statistical Department was also housed in this location (414). Librarians’ Office moved from the space adjacent to the Abbey Room into the Stacks resulting in the space for the issuing of books being doubled (420, 421). Pneumatic tube system overhauled. New suite of administrative offices created in Stack 5 for Librarian and Executive Department consisting of the ante-room, main office, private office and a room for records and files. The suite of rooms is connected with the Trustees’ Room through a lobby that was formerly open to Blagden Street. (New administrative offices are in Stack 5 on the Blagden Street side.) Parts of stacks 1 and 2 were equipped for administrative uses (B25-B29). Stack 2 was equipped for Branch Library distribution (225-228). Adaptation of portions of stacks 2 and 5 for administrative uses included enlarging a series of windows on Blagden Street from 2-feet 3-inches to 4feet 10-inches in width. Staircase built in the southwesterly corner of the building to connect all levels of the stacks (228). Stock and Duplicate Rooms created in the basement. Passenger and freight elevators installed in the Blagden Street wing (236). Offices for Editor of Library publications, Chief of Issue, Chief of the Ordering Departments and Luncheon and Locker Rooms for staff were created in the south side entresol (322-324). Catalogue and Periodical Rooms, stacks and corridors painted (202, 203, 211, 214). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 12 KR oO ral Cite ® Z y eveg ughs nice. .* j | Ie eee nk Ae ie ’9 ir © elt | 7 . , re oe & st ened ppdly ps sop = i) ’ : tee 7 ides yee : Seon na be as a brea ina ma ie Ae meee 7 ruin re iver aay ri nial . 7 Sos ; ; eat > hi be @E Te ce j ie | wT i ~~ va ee ed vane - oth tia) oA 9 oh wre i CRORES Cees. oe ees : rt ae! OA 001i ct ore Zener lbh Pee main et ea Pentre noe dower oH are A Lyin t Adee c at Seedight-Sit say ae. we ry AR Ca Aldi» baie o> ile woke ago a a AZ eta Pec an ee in? Stine aaa « oo aw 2° enw ve ody a aie. Pest arg ui od ar -atig E att ni = odhendld bea hy ‘ + i ae i i ‘ a : leben? (nares fall £ i] C it oP ae a ‘lest a eaiilea yt xt! ~~ rer ' ew i Sets Pee a hh Valeo aa: paige ay ’ aft) SUP Ree ee vib ‘inst tien as es ee ere a ult ated tis ; t ~ a Marie in, Besigiva’s ,« 2447 iat pie Goi Gee ted cus ane a _ oarear Se ” aeeean J biht) nOMeh eee We ails * her ata , ty bes viper! ea ba ii, View, id acti pf ) o Sebi eR Otic. i teeth Shee @- Ae ij Maenboany chen tae coolnehd Meadeaat) #41 apse et ag depo) iia 0 iF wT! T 7 4 mf #)* te! "« fe tee ee ee Bae. | cies OE Meare iy a he (or By ty soon bt J { oF hes, iy : is PASS Pe ae cate!) a) ved eeinipsre —s = eh rome ie ie meat ter}, hye qt im pies of re ue @lirwt Stow . -f nag . rngy “ete a: an otis aye ! a Yona: ae" = 4 WG iahire a hh a in yeti ie analy ies i cara lau «aie thud } 7 Je a iv" eget Tess Ctr) Nibas Dey Re oe <, ee esi Ce eT doh hd Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology e Lecture Hall (410) repairs and improvements were still impossible: ventilation was “criminally bad” and Hall was “distressingly dingy.” 1922 e No annual report found. 1923 e Ventilation in the public Lecture Hall improved by the installation of a new ten horse- power air-washing machine, with electric fan and the necessary connections with air shafts (410). e Lighting in the west gallery in the Special Library Department improved by the installation of fifteen 300-watt indirect ceiling fixtures (712). e New equipment in men’s public lavatory and the lavatories of men and women employees. e Two new ters of steel stacks in the Annex. 1924 e Director’s Report did not describe work done but gave a report of all the work that needed to be undertaken as of the Library’s 30th anniversary. - Book carrier system out of commission for several months. - Frequent breakdowns in pneumatic tube system. - Unsatisfactory lighting in many parts of the building. - Heating system only 30% efficient, ventilating system inadequate and useless. - Most departments required thorough cleaning and repainting. - He reports that, “The mural decorations demand immediate attention, in order to prevent serious deterioration.”" e Report of Examining Committee : “Although the City administration has given a large measure of support to the Library, it has not been possible to use any considerable portion of the annual appropniations for changes or even the necessary maintenance of the building itself.”"* - Leaks in roof. - Numerous serious defects in certain mechanical and constructional features. - Main ventilating system abandoned, main fan cannot run, prime radiators have been taken away, air filters disappeared. - Check valves should be installed in pipes to keep sewage from leaking into basement and entering pneumatic tube system. - Metal chimney stack needs attention. - Pump and fountain tanks should be cleaned and repaired. - Some main steam line pipes should be replaced. - Back pressure valve furnished on heating lines. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 18 ad |) i f * wane r te aue 7 Lg Ghuigih go/ om 7 i : aap ts cloth ae ce iy fia 4 - ; . tt ald Date tad S10) vat / sRetianigin ire AE jie at mies : ai Li cual . te at! a ae t hat Crepe wesnaties. a Hive Tu 316 eT ee gis esi ny j Wsry ‘Lae gn ey ao: i i “sr a imine 9 ae. | “ee Leib val wid irotet os al ich f ee ; ea ; Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology - New return tank needed. - Changes recommended: building of 2 new floors onto annex so that the Catalogue and Ordering Department (201, 202) can be moved to more suitable location and Children’s Department (406) can be transferred to the ground floor and given a separate entrance on Blagden Street; Moving of Music Department into North Gallery (706), making old Music Room (704) into Treasure Room. - “,,.the ume has now come when money must be spent in larger amounts upon this part of the City’s property, or paralysis of its function will result.”’*» —The Examining Committee recommended that at least $50,000 be set aside in 1925 for extraordinary repairs. ae. e Increased appropriations allowed for major repairs: - New uniflow engine and generator installed. Old engine and generator repaired. - New boilers in the Annex re-tubed. - Old boilers removed from beneath main stairway. - Book railway repaired and rebuilt. - New electrical “service elevator” replaced old one at Blagden Street entrance. - New ventilating system installed in the Lecture Hall (410). - Major leaks in the roof repaired. The metal secondary roof and catch-pans over the hall (presumably Bates Hall) were repaired and renewed where necessary. - Centrifugal pump installed (location not given). - Record Room enlarged. - New lights installed in Fine Arts Gallery (401), Periodical (215) and Statistical Rooms (414). - Sprinkler system installed in two sections of the Central Library. - Window trim and ironwork painted in Fine Arts Gallery (401), Stacks 1-6, and Printing Department. - Upper gallery of the Statistical Room floored over, giving much needed space for the Fine Arts Department cabinets (414). 1926 e Reports on fire safety of holdings compiled. Findings recommended the following: - Turn Music Room (704) into Treasure Room with fire-proof construction & equipment. - Reconstruct Barton Ticknor Room (705) and North Gallery (706) with fire-proof equipment. - Complete sprinkler system installation in basement. e Ventilation system was reestablished and put in good repair. e-- Book railway system completely overhauled. e Boilers retubed with new drain valves. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 19 4 a ae ‘ “finite 90 igh ae. 2 Seis = 9 thee ‘ee poh@: 4itegin aia) fe Bie pigye. 1S) val ‘ Pin wd ney a | : : Ssahie Hoe i niheste — ahaa engl e000) ny LA wi su af wae ; mi ; i meeant | ae i] 's Ang feet yf} emery sea) ofa FP) yes 7Y : i 1 4 UE ae agit V9): i {rartw ; 1s ni iW mm on Vit tp taerl LT mae | (ve ' ‘ I Ar ry 4 Val io! Sey asin 1s preset pent Hea eek”, ire meee CS Dylbicstts vcs ieyae SPP LLLLA B17 a» if shy wlkt ot See > Lp F ; _ : oe eh = * Lee Or ae iy me 9 a | .? ull’, ve VIR fe 5 Coed Ge #ER.Y tol 4 weve 2 eee a es wiley ne in Ge Chey eed eae geers weg moet ita itll teas Real aye tn pe se i ata. caer. orn Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology e Major repairs to the roof begun: 20,000 tiles repointed with “plastic compound.” e Statistical Department (414), Lecture Hall (410), Map Room (216), Central Branch Department (230) and Exhibition Room (702) were all cleaned and decorated. e Mezzanine floor built in Central Branch Department and major repairs undertaken there (230). e New furnaces built in the boilers, new grates furnished, feed pump overhauled. e New cables put on both passenger elevators. e New lighting systems installed in Bates Hall (405), Map Room (216), Stack 6, sate Statistical Department (414). e Fire walls built in basement where combusubles were stored. e Lecture Hall (410): (thorough renovation) - New draperies provided for stage. - Other drapenes cleaned. - Emergency exit lights put in. 1927 e Two-thirds of the roof tiles (50,000) repointed. e Repairs made on gutters, cresting, skylights, and sections of the inner condensation roof. e Exterior facades and walls of inner court repointed. ° Catalogue enclosure in Bates Hall (410) equipped with new tables, shelves and cases. e Rubber tile flooring placed in Children’s Room (406). e New electrical switchboard put in basement. e Start made to rewiring entire building. e Installation of added air ducts in Fine Arts Department (702)—improved ventilation. e New brick sidewalk laid on Dartmouth Street. e Newspaper (214), Teacher's (407), & Fine Arts Reading Rooms (718) repainted. e Report of Examining Committee: - Recommended that rearrangements of Special Library Floor should be effected. (Treasure Room, etc.) - Sprinkler system extended. - Floors in General Reading and Exhibition Rooms (702) in unsatisfactory condition—either repaired or cracked—recommended putting in rubber tile floors similar to that in Children’s Room (406) into other areas. - Substituted steel stacks for wooden ones until all changed. 1928 e Repointing and replacement of roof tiling completed. e Two large skylights replaced. ° Roof ridge cresting furnished with new supports of brass. ¢ Sprinkler system installed in entire basement, all elevator and air shafts. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 20 005) sania ain te wi ap irieis .) © i felre ‘S04 ; 4 Ue > panel ae OS Teaibl o eds a Nag A Jae Aion? eybelives, &: str aes! WED le iaadpwe tile as 1 eee t mires. | ; i ohly Pvt ee! 4d see dined Ithoers NO) tvar ( Senha . Tip a1 u! ty 4 , as . OW oraeay Ertl ona ‘iaiediag iets re hy or eee hb) [2ey AOD R99 ~ "Srna ebetnte ig ents bas Sceomeral nei Peete > vo. inamah oaeed iments cob gh dena 7 eben vo ET amd a + (tga A itera i tend Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology e Printing and Bindery Departments equipped with thermostat system for fire protection. e Necessary section of wall provided with “water curtain.” e Rewiring of the building completed. e New lighting fixtures installed in Fire Arts (716, 718), West Gallery (712), Issue and Registration Departments (401, 420-422), Newspaper (214) and Patent Rooms (218, 218a). e New lighting fixtures installed in basement book stacks. e Lecture Hall (410): - General and stage lighting improved. - New seats installed. - New moving picture booth and equipment installed. - New screen and stage curtain installed. - Acoustical draperies hung. e Sections of Entrance Hall (210) and Delivery Room (401)—new marble blocks laid. e All book stacks repainted. e Furnaces rebuilt under the boilers. New arch protectors installed, coal convevor added to the Boiler Room equipment. 1929 e Trustees’ Report mentions reconstruction (rearrangement of rooms discussed in 1926 report recommendations) of the third floor of the Library. e Substitution of steel and concrete for portions of the old piles of the foundation. e New pneumatic tube system installed. e Fountain basin reconstructed in the courtyard. e Re-laid marble floor in Entrance Hall (210). Cleaned Puvis de Chavannes murals. Practically the whole Library repainted, except for Bates Hall. Tables in the Periodical Room resurfaced and refinished (215). New bookcases installed in the Teacher’s Room (407), Statistical (414), Branch and Ordering Departments (230), and in the Information Office. 1930 e New steel lockers installed for employees. e Statistical Department lighting improved. e New ornamental lantern and reflector added to Sargent staircase. e Fire partitions and fire doors placed at hazardous points. e Galvanized iron placed on flooring beneath ventilating fan under roof. e Ventilation in Newspaper Room (214) improved. e Steam driven vacuum machine placed in operation in connection with pneumatic tube system. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 21 me hes athe, when 5 ‘Re a : a cis wy’ wiitoal a: Nes meas +t | Tiss = Wh etd cd Sipe} 45 eth) Tie, ih uh! ~ | Be San : ne ste oclug ‘ j 'f3 : ce) ieee) . 7 can belle. ri sean - ‘ bs ein wit LOR tired age: « (OTR: labs seperti te ato ‘er ot Nl Cops ieee tire y int mek 9 f ' \ mes : a ite? [eke 209 ac? Bh) Lg ee es Sa tog 4s +4 Ser Mati: wt de ioe wi at vata i oe iy 7 U d , a ce wES. rts ae siees lig ee 4 d Bs Ck ‘ yrrevel : Pb) ects ai Torre a Pill pa) bina Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology ¢ Book railway that served the stacks equipped with a device recording the trips made by the cars during the day. e Installation of automatic soot-blowers on boilers increased efficiency of power plant. e Report of Examining Committee: - White-painted wooden cases in West Gallery (712) were antiquated. They were too crowded and took up too much space. - Improvements made in North Gallery (706) last year should be followed for West. - Flooring of Newspaper Room (214) and Exhibition Room (702) needed renovation. - It was recommended that the Catalogue and Order Departments (201, 202) be moved and their space converted to Children’s and Teacher’s Rooms. Eee e Platform in front of the building reconstructed. It was re-laid such that space beneath it afforded the Library most valuable storage space. e Bates Hall (405): - Walls and ceilings redecorated. - New terrazzo floor laid. - Furniture: tables, bookcases, chairs, book shelving refinished. - New desks installed. - Ornamental iron gates placed in two of the entrance doors. e Lighting improved in the Annex book stacks and in the Statistical Department by the substitution of holophane units for drop cord lights. e New electric fixtures installed in the Patent Room. 1932 e Report of Examining Committee: - Lighting needed to be improved in Abbey Room (401) and Sargent Gallery (703). - Newspaper Room (214) needed better ventilation and the floor needed repair. - The Statistical Department (414) needed to be moved to a more convenient and suitable location. - The Children’s Room (406) needed to be moved to the first floor and given a separate entrance. e The Director’s only comment regarding the building reflected the hard times of the Depression. He stated that, “Improvement of the physical facilities had to be put aside for better days.””° BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 22 7 oe WS sivant ste af: qctlerw 190 a inéhy trea in ea as basi ly bab. ts ve , ; ee ms etn ut! omgegyta | or pg pepe . ai ashe yes ' ij 3 Swine, ibe aie scents inal gos a ’ pes (L459 Heel mutied att foc + ey ~~ eee ke eee pepstiecemanat ult a —ehed? Ted e cea cen mcm heh _a a e pina I " us sr wh patties methine ot a at) a ey idk Tha ee), ee ee | | gE ter ‘ RTA ier,” 2 those cal b) meee eek . ta 3) Bea oe rt sf Bava again apy arya uy OTe 4 amare tebe 7 Te ited arabe 74 Oil 19008 Te sh ai ee by ; rs Pe srt? Sig aa g canes onl vt Vo Ges pa lites Oe Beith gaa onemens Yate Ba Ry engl 74h Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1934 e Report of Examining Committee: - Lightin Delivery Room (401), especially for viewing Abbey murals is poor—Proposed getting a lighting engineer. - Sargent and Puvis de Chavannes paintings needed attention and recommended that they be examined by experts for cleaning or treatment. - Exhibition Room of Fine Arts Department was “characterless and uninteresting.” Recommended that it be studied, and uses realigned (702). - West wall of building was bulging. Investigation should continue. - Newspaper Room floor should be replaced and ventilation improved (214). - Walls of Periodical Room needed washing or repainting (215). - Chips out of floor of Bates Hall should be filled (405). - Cracked ules on roof should be replaced. - Planting of courtyard was excellent—plan designed by landscape architects with final scheme in view. e The Director reported that the Library had been assigned projects, financed by the Federal government, to provide relief for the unemployed. These Civil Works Projects included: - Changing all the cards in the card catalogue. - Cleaning books. - Painting. 1934 e The only work recorded at the Library were Civil Works Projects: - Painting of ceilings and walls. - Book cleaning. 1935 e No work reported on the Library building. The Annual Report of the Trustees, however, discussed overcrowding in the building and suggested that consideration be given to the reallocation of departmental space. WE Y/ e In response to the continual repairs necessary on the roof, a study was done by J. R. Worcester & Co. to recommend a fundamental and permanent treatment of the problem. They reported it would cost $256,000, (September 13, 1937). e Report of Examining Committee discussed grave overcrowding for both staff and patrons. It was suggested that the Newspaper Room (214) and Central Department for Branch Libraries be moved out of the building to another central location. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 23 Le re a ae a pees ol aa ree ot mpeg hes _— + roy iT uw eb Te ie ie ae oo teythen paves), aire ia em ‘ oni : hn ey. Ma wre ut MRE ae erect 1k ae eee oa | ruins r ee “ , visto boagaivaiea ier } » bvibeopa’ ¥ eat? “aie (cee. - ere: die jew mw | Oe? One tre 1 Lyeoslt A car, mae 7 (S) tla 4 ~ iss tail imines Wy athe a ‘ vie riya (FF >t weal? be tanh dr tno. 4 A a , haus rely Loony jam men le total —s re anh ah Soria 49,009 2° ithe append bo gajciay | ‘ote anh none ny 1 LYS) i Leiter iar ret Once pay AY iw I ~~ - ae ee | bya Wester ad oe 04, : , J ND . ite Pe a hid aul Te) (fF live re Scule ie Ces ee el) | eT ee eee wyt , - 7 oe ) rt oe , es harp ae a ~ oar 43! (Gays ‘adil id tn Dining Yh Meine > ie ete hy ¥ a | Pa) a ao 1) Tag . Pac Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1938 e Limited funds permitted no work during 1938 except for minor repairs throughout the library system that were immediately necessary. Between 1940 and 1965 the Trustees Reports do not give a summary of the work done at the Library Building. This part of the chronology is composed from other sources including correspondence, specifications, drawings, secondary sources, and records of the Building Department of the City of Boston. Dates in this section may not be accurate because drawing dates do not necessarily reflect actual building dates. 1940 e Drawings for Fireproofing prepared by Fox, Jenney & Gale Architects. e “Proposed Alterations” drawings prepared by Ames, Child & Graves for alterations to all floors. e L.Arcadius Lyon cleaned Puvis de Chavannes murals. 1941 e Fine Arts Room renamed Wiggin Gallery for Mr. Albert H. Wiggin who donated collection of prints and drawings to BPL (702). To accommodate the collection, exhibition cases replaced the bookcases, and other alterations of finishes were made. 1942 e New England Deposit Library completed—100,000 books were moved from stacks of the Library freeing this space for administrative functions previously housed in publicly accessible spaces. e J.R. Worcester & Co. carried out a major roof restoration involving reinforcement of roof trusses and installation of concrete plank at the roof. 1947—Ames & Graves Lighting Changes e Table Lamps in Bates Hall replaced (405). e New Electric Lighting System installed in Abbey Room (401). e Fire Escape added outside of Lecture Hall. 1950s—Milton Lord’s Changes e Book charging desks installed in Entrance Hall (210), and brass railings were installed into marble floor to direct flow of patrons. e Central Book Return Desk, Information Desk and Library Information Office installed in spaces next to stairs in Entrance Hall. e North Corridor contained new room for borrower card issuance, Central Charging Records, and Cloak Room (211). e Lighted exhibition cases installed into side wall niches of Entrance Hall. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 24 - oa oe a rt aE ris wih o ; Fost : (Wreu & hth TPR OW, Nittestomns 13 uy hv aA ED hares iis .\* Voss * irs aro Ges ‘) ais’, 0<; = poy oe a o 1 a Wh 7 ae oh be i. an WITT Si 1 ‘(rege | + ae ew 1): ap ae LA bow ae icon iG wabsst air ow beathels oe 5 tedie th 2 HrrigesSasmrachdee'e rcantrets AT vy. 9 ' : @ Ts, 791° )ca = / ' 4 i ' é wat : & . 4 FiO | Pr 7 pete) ey : wiseenl Ayia hi aes fh ea hia it monte se sadbis : 7 me Es (ape; & tie aa wit 1 ‘ Ch an tT ts% eyt = - hi y | oa 4 awe ) * Ton: ere’ os OD ts oral eta | annul Ais te aaah « p “1 al Pein tied ' helt ied Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology e Periodical Reading Room (later Newspaper Room) became Social Sciences Department with Sports and Travel Section also (214). e Newspaper Collection was moved to small room in west wing. e Small Periodical Room was made repository for Government Documents (215). e Open Shelf Department installed in onginal Catalogue Room (202). Finishes and furniture were changed, basement level was opened up for open shelving. e Receiving and Ordering Room became Children’s Section of Open Shelf Department (201). Finishes, lighting and furniture were changed. e Bronze handrails installed on steps of Grand Staircase Hall (207). obs e Gilbert Small & Co. conducted repair of arcade roof in courtyard involving removal of granite steps and installation of wood steps and wood planking over existing tar and gravel roof. 1953 e Undocumented restoration of Puvis murals done by Finlayson Bros. e Skylights in Sargent Gallery enclosed. Fluorescent lights installed in skylight recesses. e Glass exhibition cases installed in Sargent Gallery (703). £955 e Repair work undertaken on main roof. 1958 e Lighting in Bates Hall upgraded, including addition of lamp shades to standing lamps (405). e Ceiling in Bates Hall repainted (405). e Window Curtains added in Bates Hall (405). e Gilbert Small & Co. conducted repairs of exterior granite platform including repointing of pavers, repairs to concrete structure. Early 1960s e $600,000 appropriation made from Extraordinary Repairs Loan—enabled many repairs. e Rearrangement begun to prepare for construction of Johnson Building. e New Conveyor Belt extended into Bates Hall (405). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 25 eae rey Pa ere Rona + oot’ beet 4a a ‘dade top ¥ ta a Wo 4 whe =i eben br 2 1) rie ar. nie ) naa th mill pai Xe ‘daisies: “a is ieee) Dior siege) . Seve: ; se ya iniey bow Beil (rerilanhgp i, a Dest leaste:* be M Unit etal ae, ee ‘¢ en ie é "| a) MEL Baty MM oo Pte i 0 as near, ; ~— tant Goer ae se ew ET ky or L) “page Le : Lath 009 Yara we we ve sine egal a : i a mfr v2 ee Pest Mein « Ve Th Cae ¢ 9092 ee eBrne Tan 4? bee teaauall ioe Gots f 0 Ot chao gen iwiye te = ph ~~) = 4 $i: for yin ¥ (? mI > apf te ia Ld, Soe as Pia - ‘7 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology e Renovated lower Open Shelf area to house additional books (202). e Set up new Staff Lounge, Acquisition and Book Preparation areas. e Science and Technology reference collection moved to Patent Room (218) from third floor. e Non-reference Science & Technology books moved to Stack Service and serviced from Bates Hall. 1967 e February 1, 1967—Design for Johnson Building formally approved by mayor and Trustees. e Johnson Building: description of uses and characteristics provided in Annual Report. 1968 e 1918 Annex demolished. Some rearrangement of main building required to house the books formerly in annex. e Science Reference relocated to north end of Bates Hall. e Government Documents relocated to Elliott Room (407). 1969 e Vappi & Company, Inc. of Cambridge awarded contract for the construction of the Johnson Building. e June 6, 1969—Groundbreaking ceremonies for the Johnson Building. e Johnson Building faced with pink Milford granite from the same quarry, which furnished the granite for McKim’s building. 1970 e Substantial progress made on the Johnson Building: - Basement slab completed. - Foundation walls from basement to concourse and concourse to first floor completed - Concourse and first floor slabs completed, mezzanine floor 50% completed. - Second floor 33% completed. ToT e Cleaning of McKim building, arranged by Public Facilities Department, completed. e Exterior lighting on Dartmouth St. facade installed. e Work on the Johnson Building moved ahead on schedule. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 27 pe oad _ a ee oY . } g % . hoe gigi 9, wie TE "ete wih Mla edage ad : an meweu & ihe te ee eee st al ee he pay ies Pe hess russ oe , Hh in ret mu rhe Vibe uy » =, '! + i et no ae . . a : rc e _— ; ie . 7 cep uy oe ® aM ie : co} tomes Sybruen + A a * n. 8 = a Ve rries nl PERN AIM Relies >» de rrdbag ’ Lup weve BRATS Wiehe, ‘ry | eed , ae i = pein ocey:, H +4 te 21 Re oe ae Oy i) (ee Bg " Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1972 December 11, 1972—dedication and opening of the Johnson Building. Annual Report explained function of Johnson Building functions and physical description.” “The new building is a monumental structure, simple in basic plan, pure in line, functional in design, handsomely and lastingly impressive. It conforms with the older building in such major respects as the height of its cornice line, its rectangular shape, its massive proportions, and the use in its exterior walls of pink Milford granite.” Cost of the Johnson Building—$24, 100,000. 1973-1974 (January to June) Opening of the Johnson Building enabled changes to be made in Mckim building. New quarters for microtext and document services on first floor. Research Reference Service for Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences are on Bates Hall floor. Expanded Rare Book, Print, Fine Arts, Music and Special Collections on top floor. Newspaper Room moved into new quarters. West Gallery cleared out and renovated in preparation for Fine Arts Department and Music Department (712). Program underway to repaint and refurbish building. Administrative offices moved from McKim building to 3rd floor of Johnson Building. Massachusetts Historical Commission presented a citation to Boston Public Library certifying it as a Historic Landmark listed on the National Register of Historic Places. 1974-1975 (FY 1975, July to June) Renovations necessary to complete relocation of departments within Research Library accomplished. - July—Reference and Music and Fine Arts Reading Room opened in West Gallery (712): - New Elevator opened to facilitate accessibility to these departments. - Music Department quarters (North Corner and Gallery) refurbished and made into Charlotte Cushman Room which housed materials on theater (708). - July—Government Documents Department relocated to the area which housed old Newspaper Room (214). The area was painted, and the terrazzo floor was cleaned and polished, and the brick fireplace that had been covered over was exposed. - Periodical Reading and Reference Rooms converted to work and stack space for Government Documents (215). - March—New quarters for the Rare Books and Manuscripts Department opened in Johnson Building with an entrance at the end of West Gallery of McKim building (708a). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 28 a ui a tl v4 te ah fo leiel pact aga epenepa che” m reiiae sents aisthea eae iho Socnain nes betes y- m Gi.s rH ae ae D Mgn 2 iat 44 WES gee ay Stave terrae mn so so ce aedecades ¥ BD ii)! 2 “i go xe cars “ne Rearmed ESHER Gp See Ge Ovidius gerielial ierameto|, sel lira g f vi a? Yang eid ™ 4 oe Menncoralde oF ais ee sn oe uM thee oe — i) SRA DGk er ot set Sell: - behen i ; : heom a Ms 2 if cht aul Aaleegers : How 92 DAW ie Lira f | (217) Misoannengglt Stage Bera Vint » Chaps age Tt sche ae ones © cf geal ae yok * aaorertt ap sie wae Mw Ps Sarr | mvan Oe he Ro a) 1 wWeoaali a : ~~ iy va baptelt tapnotiaal Sa hele doe ctl sept: on ee Ps Pia ' ; oe wr re metiiaegah WY sata. DP te wl grea ak, s+ Lis a eee a coibletea x: bousccloghas iat. bees Low tele) ale i ae SRO con 2 *> nade sari dal opener O00) otvidh) Gaels , tt Dasaisendl 1h 1k bor et thy a thoy «2 Tots itr sa» i @ ia toa 4 (SSE aTRae. sift Now accion, cae sit wit oo ar iV int Arie ane: ih Sycckn “14h date a orn : «(up Mate Mego oe 68 yaar. Soci al PAH ATID & eo — Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology - March—Exhibition area opened adjacent to Rare Books including William Addison Dwiggins Room and Serge Koussevitzky Exhibition Area (708, 711). - March—Science Reference Department moved into old Lecture Hall (410). - March—Corndor connecting second floors of old and new building opened. - June—Social Science Reference moved to old Science Reference Department. - By the end of summer 1975, Research Library Catalog would be transferred from the Chavannes Gallery (403) and Abbey Room (401) into the Elliott Room (407) that formerly housed Government Documents—then Puvis de Chavannes Gallery and Abbey Room would be restored to their original state and relocations concluded. - Patent Collection moved back from Emmanuel College and Newton College, and shelved in 7th floor stack area. 1975-1976 (FY1976) e Delivery Room (a.k.a. Abbey Room) (401) - Emptied of catalog trays, but continued to be the delivery point for books from the Research Library stacks. - Cleaning and polishing of marble floor planned. - Refinishing of woodwork planned. - Teakwood with pink marble top antique table installed in center—presented to Library by George B. Chase, former BPL Trustee (This table is now in Venetian Lobby). e First phase of replanting of courtyard completed—members of Garden Club of the Back Bay restored it to the original format of a Formal Renaissance Cloister Garden. 1978-1979 (FY1979) e Emphasis on achieving energy efficiency in heat and electricity usage—no conversions of heating units undertaken. e Trustees adopted gardening design for courtyard proposed by Garden Club of the Back Bay. 1979-1980 (FY1980) e Matching grant received from Massachusetts Historical Commission to support a feasibility study for restoration/rehabilitation of the McKim building. 1981-1982 (FY1982) e Examining Committee will review Stull Report now nearing completion to prioritize work to be done in McKim building. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 29 ? _ < ve . i is _ ~ ‘ + : 7 ee eae i 0 hdiehid macht ected : wre 7 t Maw rouny e tw - on agies ‘sumo lt - i = —™ dena . SAT ger, Rowe yi eee ee ee a few v oe la an J > p ae » " ¥ abet, TL Se ea a ; | ( Lit wee, PTA in (ol. lot elon eae : pn? lg et ate to 204 tahoe paras 9-6 tee 9} viability : ays fh wii wt fiw pele Distut.in we enisrtioe te Wee 9ela VE is Any 4 wt ye ee on \emes Cit hao lee ‘ igen f TO. ty Gere, Ceti MTR) 1) aa ia? odie «inary tangles obewely ii Poa wer at a . 14 ted & & : ’ ay a oer wil | 109 Pee: ee A ereuyn ‘78 ownet notoaiie Sta 5 ns i : y a , eT trast seed tet cl y LTP DA y Dh eas oe foyer sig op <0 " ett palindy Yoni Masts) = ave yer on We Bae PUL Te ea phew ey otek, ‘ ries Sackag tiple a) : jad de 7Li.. Uwe 7 i. : “*% art Ph. Yawn “S'\ efman pet s ' “> [3.4 ? “Fes iy > teers 10S ey iu ) +d" hans’ epee ree dart) OP Placita; * iY i 7 ascend ) > Datepore Piya 964 1129 id i : ® cot OF eabanatetag igehiig tl gipiamaael vec Trliaatt ocMt A wb ee miatiaa tc oa rr eae ae UN abe bea a gl Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology 1983-1984 (FY1984) e Report received from Stull Associates, Inc. e Priorities for McKim Restoration outlined by Examining Committee: - Replacement of mechanical and HVAC systems. - Renovations necessary for safety requirements according to current codes. - Work on building exterior to make it weather-proof and water-tight. e Examining Committee also suggested that professional conservators be consulted before doing work on any murals or decorations. : e Water dripping onto bookshelves and inside walls and windows in Social Science, Humanities Reference (705), and Interlibrary Loan Departments. e Print Gallery needs painting and refurbishing (801-804). Such work was last undertaken in 1964. e Inadequate lighting in Sargent Gallery (703), Wiggin Gallery (702), and Humanities Reference Room (705). e Restrooms in deplorable condition, and some have no heat. e City set aside $12,500,000 in loan order for restoration. e “In the opinion of many art experts, the murals by John Singer Sargent were almost destroyed by previous efforts at restoration.”” 1985-1986 e Introduction to the Annual Report discusses Mayor Flynn’s A Program to Rebuild and Revitalize the Resources and Services of the Boston Public Library, which includes extensive restoration of McKim building. 1986-1987 e McKim’s building becomes National Historic Landmark. e Design development phase of restoration project completed in spring 1987. e Three main aims of project were: . - To restore the timeworn building and its celebrated artwork. - To increase public access to the building’s historic and beautiful spaces. - To reorganize functions within the building to provide more efficient and effective working spaces. e Restoration Team included: - Project Architect: Daniel Coolidge, Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Architects. - Mural Restoration: Conservation Department of Fogg Art Museum. - Interior Finishes and Furniture Restoration: Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (SPNEA). - Special Advisor to Trustees: Douglass Shand-Tucci, architectural historian. e Objectives set forth in Stull Report of 1981 included: - Conserve the building itself and the integral works of art. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 30 ‘< 7 pibvas. Viethen ori) Lew oq rhe om te fa a ah m SMe oe io dow vail Bo ohcp nen = opie woes gs T tated Peer) ne (6 i Jitse Gee APPT gpriche wy bee origi’ rine (0) aopedina mtgy (OR?) esi ung 2 aye cy vues ara yn ee es a pipe rae. purty oe tte: 4th, Th! Lo da cle pee A rel sc: tp x - ny NOME Pra jae os f ’ Ge 2aGth eh a eenE, Uta we vada S18 ‘youth gilieus yiiiss. if italia scl A! Gititws } ota Sybille “ei si rer ME owe. seg ae 0 towne seat at was” Ticket he whe fe de & ; S . y oP aoe trae" sedett Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 3.0 Architectural Chronology - Reorganize the uses of various rooms to reopen prominent rooms to the public, improve the delivery system, and accommodate changes in departments. - Replace decayed heating, electrical, and plumbing systems to prevent damage to the building and the art and to provide climate control. e General plans: - Entrance Hall (210): New stair leads to basement, which houses Maps, Government Documents, and lavatories. ' - Ground Floor: Exhibition Room, Lecture Rooms flank Entrance Hall; Tearoom, and Newspaper Room along Boylston Street. - Bates Hall Floor: Catalogue, Delivery, Periodical Rooms along Boylston Street. 1991-1992 e October 8, 1991—Official launch of the restoration of McKim’s building. e Phase I Contract awarded to Peabody Construction Company of Braintree for $10.8 million. e Phase I included: - Replacement of plumbing and wiring systems. - Renovation of basement to make space for Government Documents and Map Departments. - Construction of Ground Floor exhibition and lecture spaces. - New public restrooms. - New public staircase to lower level. - Modernization of elevator system. - Some restoration of Dartmouth Street lobby. - Installation of climate controls, fire detection equipment, and sprinkler systems. 1994-1995 e May 1994—official reopening of McKim building. e Phase I completed. 1996 e October—Phase II work began by Lee Kennedy Contractors e Phase II included: - Restoration of public rooms on Bates hall floor except Abbey Room - Renovation of stacks and office spaces - Remodeling of northwest rooms on ground and Bates Hall levels to create new passages between McKim and Johnson Buildings. - Repair of arcade roof. icky e September—Bates Hall reopened. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 31 . ddehiais wile OL Mcag icra an yee LiFe sip WT: ; i!) tnt eet): ot Oe ' ene Tr eRe Fete), aah Lee ross “ geglk oe. aT ag jah bo nsdeacee: « shine! enh 1800-a0 eid”: hela eieaee « “al baa sind thatietiad bs 4) Ps 0 Dalhas . oo ~gintcPecmaaly te» 3 FT: On} aaeras) at aereped Soe : Ki? “ii ee Gee sg Ot) (Ge ote “are : 4% | ri MLPA ED: fe err ets og © ‘ Ret eri Fs ss 5 - xe a aol a ; fay 46, _ er’ » Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 4.0 Selection of the Architect and Design the relatively reasonable cost of the newly filled land of the Back Bay and the proliferation of Boston's cultural institutions that were relocating to the area, made the acquisition of a new site desirable. The State Legislature granted a parcel of land at the corner of Dartmouth and Boylston Streets to the City of Boston for building a new library building” (fig. E-3). A stipulation of this grant was that construction of the library begin within three years. The parcel granted by the State was rectangular in plan and limited in size. It had 264feet of frontage on Boylston Street and 125-feet of frontage on Dartmouth Street. To create a more suitable building site, the City authorized the purchase of several properties on St. James Street (Blagden Street) for the sum of $160,000. The purchase of the these properties created a nearly square building site. With the acquisition of the site, the City, working with the Library Trustees, was ready to proceed with the selection of an architect and design for the new building. The early efforts to choose an architect were mired in confusion regarding the design for the new building. There were no precedents for the design of a large public lending and research library, and the City and Trustees struggled with the issue of how the functional needs of the library should influence its design. There was also considerable discussion regarding whether the new library should supplement or replace the Boylston Street Library. A further diversion in March of 1882 was a directive from the City Council to study the suitability of the English High and Latin School for use as the new library. The School, designed by City Architect George A. Cough, was located on Warren Avenue and Montgomery Street. Recently constructed, the building contained more space than required for its enrollment, and it was thought that some of this surplus space might serve as the library. Working with architect Henry Van Brunt of Boston, the Trustees studied the feasibility of using the school for a library. The conclusion of this study, confirmed by a six to one vote of the Trustees on May 2, 1882, was that the building was unsuitable for housing the library. Regrettably, the vote of the Trustees did not end this debate. One of the dissenting Trustees, William Whitmore, requested that a minority report that studied the feasibility in further detail be presented. The process of presenting the minority and majority reports consumed the remainder of 1882. Finally on Apmnil 14, 1883, Mayor Palmer approved the purchase of the St. James Street lots for $180,000 and granted $450,000 for the erection of a new library building in Copley Square, putting an end to the question of using the school for the library. Then, nearly three years into the process of selecting an architect, the City launched a competition for the design of the new public library in Copley Square. On April 21, 1883, the time limit for the construction to begin on the library was extended for another three years. For the competition, the Trustees and City prepared a description of the design BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 34 fr AbtarGens wai Sar elk dor & “i deme “otf y IRI Cem ANGE te. : ie pat ne Se deateoyits 7 oa Sea en ti. Du i ta A oa a, ni ctl ee be oh OT noi a tee NR ae bys es oC 1» Netra quay MEE Vn et : oa abe | > + Ml ah gi ities spel sty Sie uel as ay; ~ . weed => YI Peels Beis 2# lo’ presen a | os ; i>) Tigo Spee: wend tes ant ete. te” el aH Ran Oat . on E> ullledl ait gla Wo h 1h eetereallic sear * pe , ne ate Seti ee 3 itn, OS NE Maan © 3 | tie t “A Mw or oly wy ome jeg PY, 5) | its 46! it ‘ iF ; fal’. Bieaaie gre Ol y+: vee Ris wn vhs cnet ps ilage aby bs f soar oh 430 pita Fee wig hak se awed tM! . cay haha ar ip nae fin Asin ie VEIT NEA WEY My ieee ee atl alee et) ‘1 bay | iri) LUete. | na: Soman al gill seclisine abe 2 aa . . = a Bay preiaysT =f 50 ¢ % td ¢ 7 > * 2 rie rari Pull fepaisaare Shar ered i we | nts ’ Poe a an) arene SF Sa crys: WR ES Re ety i ; Netyar ty WADE nh nei F908 eg pega ~ ¢ ates wa a? aa? Tf Pi ha | Ate che WIR 20h thr |” wad vis onal Sele alm Teab peak iA Thin) = Je A « 7 ib , : ‘ ; + : ry oo i y Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 4.0 Selection of the Architect and Design requirements and invited all interested architects to prepare a design for the new building. Twenty designs were submitted for the new library and first prize was awarded to Charles B. Atwood of New York; second prize to Thomas O’Grady and Franz E. Zerrahn of Boston; third prize to Charles L. Luce of New York; and fourth prize to Horace F. Burr of Boston. Although the prizes were awarded and the $10,000 allocated for the prize money expended, all of the designs submitted were judged unsuitable for the new library building. Criticism of the designs suggested that they had been prepared by draughtsmen, rather than architects with library design experience. The architects responded to these criticisms by saying that the specifications were overly restrictive. Thomas O’Grady cites the following example of their limitations: All the rooms, according to our plan, were only 15 feet in height. We had nothing to do with that. The conditions made it imperative that we should make them that way. It is a great mistake, however, to build in that way. The large hall on the second floor must be about 125 x 60 feet. or, rather a room of 75,000 square feet. Now, to give such a room a height of only 15 feet is simply ridiculous. The room ought to be higher than that, if only for the sake of good ventilation and good light, not to say anything of its beauty.” The competition failed, and the responsibility for the design of the new library reverted to the City Architect, Arthur H. Vinal. With only a year untl construction of the building was required to begin (April 1886 was the extended deadline), Vinal was charged with the responsibility to design a building that would meet with the approval of the Trustees and could be built for the sum of $450,000. Vinal’s relationship with the Library Trustees and the Boston press deteriorated over the year that he worked on the design for the new library. Vinal was slow to produce the drawings for the building and ultimately never produced a full set of drawings for a design that was approved. To date, Vinal’s drawings for the Library have not been located. However, a detailed description of the building in the Boston Transcript, dated June 1886, describes the building as follows: The building fronts on Dartmouth Street, opposite Copley Square, extending from St. James Avenue to Boylston Street. According to the plans prepared by City Architect Arthur H. Vinal, the building has a frontage of 224 feet, the main section extending back 48 feet on St. James Avenue and Boylston Street. At the rear of the main building is an annex 30 x 54 feet, connecting the public rooms with the book stack, which is 74 x 84 feet. The main building and the book stack are three stories in height. All the requirements are complied with; the building is fireproof, sufficiently lighted by day without artificial means, thoroughly ventilated, and evenly heated.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 35 d Ms — aa A yt v af _ ie Serre: a avs sebvey sabi teaiidlnagAAiNI® -co ‘in adi oi (i vt Adee Mod 1s *scktodod (vg comes Ded po ta! ia vy seme C shepards yet grec bone eee ines praen + 7 MBO) AE Oi ram vt ereabeias sees on om nvrdasiy 4 yl! Bact ici wwrediod adla-rsaig : ‘i i iWr Saintes pegtt) 4, | 2a: pal Oars Soligee | mer est srun yee = ° ‘vl onl had@ao faouwi oat ; ve be - SpAts appre ripe b' : t “ay hk VET iN ee a vl eee iW phehd> 2) voi ) Tt it yarn ihe a fonevite err < ¥ fw ivbbers tt dgadibens tooo a Ts ee walt fiber jpe * hic x aries cele yap eee BAe, qo eho wana! > ig erdil en. ub ay atin) Lo de RD Shee vinsage a pe ith ~eh ‘aii, ae apabytl) aii) ong bso . eh ohh ask penta? et: lo carol , Ser) a ae pul ft ¢ a (ee 4 Bat? gree 0 Wi eat Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 4.0 Selection of the Architect and Design The article goes on to describe, in detail, the interior rooms of the library, primarily their size and function. There is little information about either the intenor or exterior finishes for the building. Ralph Adams Cram writing about Vinal’s design for the new library building, condemned it as follows: A library building being determined upon, the plans were produced by a certain city official, and they were in all respects an example of what Richardson’s own style could become at the hands of a sincere but incompetent disciple—it was a chaos of gables, oriels, arcades and towers, all worked out in brownstone. ” With Vinal’s drawings still incomplete, the State’s deadline for commencing construction was at hand. In order to avoid loosing the site, excavation and pile driving began on April 21, 1886. On July 20, 1886, the Trustees contracted with Vinal to construct the foundation for the building. The foundations were partially completed by the winter, when work was stopped due to inclement weather. By the time work was stopped for the winter, $73,600 had been expended for the construction of the foundations. Over the winter of 1886-87 debate raged over Vinal’s design and whether the City Architect should be responsible for the design of such an important public building as the new library. In addition, the question of the role of the Trustees in the selection of the architect and the approval of the design for the building was raised again. A newspaper article, dated January 29, 1887, describes the concerns as follows: By inspection of the acts of the legislature relative to the Public Library and its Trustees, it will readily be seen how powerless those gentlemen are in directing the work now in progress. The architect of the city, by the revised ordinanc es, Chapter 37, is to prepare all plans. These must be approved by the department for which said building is constructed. After such approval-the city architect has charge of the inspection of the work and can approve all bills under contracts he has made for the various portions of the work. ... If the city architect were the ablest in the country, he would be vested under the present law with undue power and able to carry out any architectural design agreeable to his own wishes and caprice, irrespective of the desires and direction of the gentlemen who have made the Public Library a special study.” The issue was ultimately resolved on March 10, 1887, when the State Legislature passed Chapter 60, Acts 1887, which gave the Library Trustees the “full power and control of the design, construction, erection and maintenance of the central library building.”” This authority was delegated with the provision that the work should not begin unt full general plans for the building had been prepared. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 36 : Sri) aireaety ocd tite bute ite! Hier ies ec) Ti? tA Ds ' Tr ‘cP WOT, akan. jet a | 7 Wits ‘: it ies op el one Pele h ie green te 5 © Oo ys Ieeey vet ate Fine toe: ; 7 jAre ni Dir ala Mele wo aT ee da earner: esatcy ple tes “REE one perc shinies rover) 4) Beste ui). . ieee T te erg str CANT? Veh beom ; ore Hi) Be Rake My Wel. ois acy eit), a - ‘ evel wit te qt % es . iter 4) ent esi gettin’ aa CR yen sali ee . ae ee icq? aa: sh Nae ite . ‘ ata! TH wereld & jv ledreonk sally wT geet ATE AP MERE DY 5 von e's cay fer) . ery b 1 Re se, i ee | Te "Wd v wee tag uilility Wi gvarbiegs e« ye & , a ‘Hoel aan ote Ch etitighs Tok bie sie OATEQ ee et) eh ina ee sailaaiias ao sionaain a eel « . a a | i | ty sa Tra re , : eos aie T, »baer Wien ine Jar hea MEA. af i et Be ee tothe agit TAD ACEO (EL Pete (vat wit? att nT tik eral i, oo # wh ate (uty sire ars nat ig oak a may Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 4.0 Selection of the Architect and Design With their newly acquired power, the Trustees relieved Vinal of his responsibilities for designing the new library and began seeking a new architect. The Trustees selection process involved no open competition. Rather they consulted two architects who were well-known to the members of the Board—Edward C. Cabot, who designed the Boston Athenaeum, and Charles Follen McKim. Samuel A. B. Abbott, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, was a particular admirer of McKim’s work and was very influential in the selection of McKim, Mead & White as the architect for the new library. On March 30, 1887, a mere twenty days after acquiring the authority to select the architect for the new library, a contract was signed with McKim, Mead & White for the design of the Boston Public Library.” The McKim, Mead & White contract is included in Appendix 11.4. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 37 Oi oweeifidiengeeas ail hs ig rar i oe Seats? & {T Tia ght ee) Dk ks é mart 77; nye el’, il? -= ‘ 7 ed | Hy ses taht Reyes clr icy ees " MW, fore? ‘iV oe op EP ° o) uly 767. GeLits rosie oa HM wm Fy Oey So rahe hilt aa tae worst ye it ¥j NS Jahon 9) ee ati) 4 baal 5.0 McKim’s Design 5.1 Design Derivation 5.2 Design Development Yara henn i re ee Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim’s Design 5.1 DESIGN DERIVATION With the tumultuous decade of architect and design selection shadowing his commission, Charles Follen McKim embarked upon the task of designing the new Boston Public Library. Public skepticism about whether the library would ever be built, the amount of money already spent for the proposed building with nothing to show for it, and the selection of a New York architectural firm for the design of a major public building in Boston, combined to create an emotionally charged climate in which McKim began his work. This climate, combined with the absence of design precedents for a large public research and lending library and the design limitations imposed by the Copley Square site, might have stymied an architect with less skill and self-confidence. For Mchim, the challenges of the design of the Boston Public Library energized his creative genius. Whether it was the hard lesson learned by a decade of design failures or the strong personality of Charles McKim, the Trustees entrusted the design of the library to McKim without specific design criteria. Building materials were not specified, room sizes and uses were not designated, and the cost of the building was not stipulated. The sections of the Trustees contract with McKim, Mead & White relating to design criteria are very vague. They read as follows: Fifth. The parties of the second part [McKim, Mead & White] agree to prepare preliminary studies, general drawings, specifications, details, estimates, and drafts of contracts for all work, interior and exterior, necessary for the erection and completion of said building. all of which studies, drawings, specifications, details, estimates and drafts shall be subject to the approval of the parties of the first part [BPL Trustees]. Sixth. The parties of the second part agree to furnish the parties of the first part with a model of suitable material, of the proposed building, before they shall be called upon to approve the final plans for the said building.” This level of design freedom, as well as the newly acquired responsibility for the building of the library by the Board of Trustees, undoubtedly contributed to the creativity and success of McKim’s design. McKim’s response to the political climate in Boston, particularly during the building’s design phase, appears to have been to ignore it largely. During the time he was designing the building, McKim set up an office in the home of his late wife, Julia Amory Appleton, at 53 and 54 Beacon Street in Boston.” Although he was working in Boston, he was little influenced by what the politicians, press or people of Boston deemed appropriate. The absence of newspaper articles during this period of time confirms the public's lack of BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 38 4 hen giles ny pat orig - -— ; 1 ; ' oe poy, 7 ’ boro 7 r ; ’ : : ‘ war a8 j a ay ¥ P : ray ee > Sy ie Bios, ' ia ny <4 a psy, sy mali s Te a ae a! et fe if sath . Od ve — : i . 4 7 eat 7 : [eo - Lit Me i bar Ly iy gts Sef cm) aor Ay Nes 7 7 ale Peal? 4k rs ‘ 7 A+ 7 ue a — ed ee he bat ; ’ e+ a 7% - , | fl are 1 iA’ Roy 7 7 7 7 j fal = Y. ‘ i Mth y- 4 » ay ee hs ." bey yes ke 7" pre 7 fs 4 tap. ' ; a sine ; Wi wh A been uf + = ¢, be Laat At gals a } ‘ : 7 b- an 1 a.” ty pee. an ) Fa a ar > : ars ae a aa 7 Lp = > ma j 1 oy eae if ae ‘ Mie a, a ~ af Cian P ‘ ; if are : ) "i aes a a : c Lathe Gi; ' a) A . . abe at : J e ) 6 a f 2 o Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim's Design knowledge of, or opinion regarding, McKim’s work during the design phase of the building. The constraints of the Copley Square site included the size of the plot of land, the size and style of the surrounding buildings, and the Vinal foundations. The site was bounded on three sides by streets—Boylston Street (north), Dartmouth Street (east), and St. James (now Blagden) Street (south) and on the west by the buildings of Harvard Medical School. The other Copley Square buildings, recently constructed on the newly filled land of the Back Bay, included H. H. Richardson’s Trinity Church (Dartmouth Street), Cummings and Sears’ New Old South Church (Boylston Street), Sturgis and Brigham’s Museum of Fine Arts (Huntington Avenue) and the S. S. Pierce Store (corner of Huntington and Dartmouth) designed by S. Edwin Tazobey. This collection of masonry buildings, constructed of brick, brownstone, and terra cotta, stylistically represented the picturesque Gothic and Romanesque Revivalism that dominated mid-19th century American architecture (fig. E-4). McKim’s response to these buildings was to design a library building that was decidedly different—a Renaissance Revival building. McKim's library was to be square and simple, rather than picturesque; it was to be constructed with a single, light colored masonry material rather than muluple dark colored brick and stone; and its orientation was to horizontally span Dartmouth Street rather than vertically reach for the sky. McKim’s Renaissance Revival design precluded the use of Vinal’s picturesque foundations, which were eventually demolished. McKim’s design sources for the Boston Public Library have been written about extensively by architectural historians. They include Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve, Alberti’s Tempio Malatestiano, and the Cancelleria and Colosseum in Rome.” Leland Roth states: McKim first considered the Louvre Pavillions, the Farnese Palace and Duban’s Ecole des Beaux Arts as formal models, devoting several months to this but eventually setting upon Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, which he considered “the best type and the best scheme in its outward expression and also its arrangement.”” Richard Wilson describes the Library’s design derivation as follows: Modeled in the form of a freestanding Italian Renaissance palazzo, the building also had origins in Henri Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve, Paris and Alberti’s Tempio Malatestiano, Rimini. The Paris library provided the organization for the front facade, the large piano nobile reading room and the entry sequence. McKim has shortened the long arcade of the Labrouste building to thirteen arches, thereby confining the building into a more separate entity. The depth and detailing of McKim’s arches recalled Alberti’s Tempio.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 39 (5 sap ern i a Se RE Spay ~~ i cyte vais ri mein ola cepa by pone) pale rp abel Lock eo oan heated aay aieieliyee | a r . oo oat gyi ies). Strate yh Priptet riacn . 3 ee Ls er ae oa tyr: tb Laas sslhapa now (ey eee IHS a5 ent thon et Aan RM a! ee ae Cb a ; coh 4 ‘ei A aguemeimely agats 2 , en triads ller. athe ay 4 inka se vrei none f ees ! wil Sees " Pt . thee ili a Bate) He a 4 eet oe so mate ea ile. Msaiees: er +a Meine MAL Y.is evveoi-aall wt | reo" uve R mney / . pari Binet ee 4 bi nith ol oA ; sal Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim's Design William Jordy added a third source of inspiration for McKim’s design—Richardson’s Marshall Field Wholesale Store in Chicago. Writing about the influence of Richardson, Labrouste and Alberti, Jordy says that: The famed front is thrice sanctioned. It is sanctioned, first, by the example of Richardson's Marshall Field Wholesale Store; then by the facade of one of the finest of modern library buildings, Henri Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve in Paris (1844~-50); finally, by the side elevation of Leon Battista Alberti’s San Francesco (Tempio Malatestiano) in Rimini (1447-56). And to these sources of specific inspiration, McKim himself, who was sensitive to charges of having copied Labrouste, alluded to the regular arcuation of the Roman Colosseum as a starting point for his own repetitive arches. Roughly, Richardson provided the general compositional scheme, a scheme so commanding that it forced itself on innumerable American designers in the late eighties. Labrouste furnished a specific composition immediately applicable to McKim’s commission. Alberti suggested motifs for detail and, above all, encouraged McKim in his linear refinement of Labrouste’s design.” McKim’s design for the courtyard was inspired by the Cancelleria in Rome. Quoting Jordy again: For the court, he returned to the Cancelleria, literally reproducing its arcade, although the arcade lost much of the lithe attenuation of the original in its cruder carving and what appear to be its squatter proportions. Actually, the arcades are exactly the same height as those on the ground story of the Cancelleria, but the space between the columns (the intercolumniation) is wider. The feeling of greater horizontality resulting from this spacing, together with the gentler rise of the arching, account for the squatter appearance. The projection of the staircase into the courtvard compromises the pristine rectangularity of the prototype.” McKim, himself, confirmed that the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve served as a model for the Boston Public Library. He stated the following about his design process: At last we had reached this scheme, of which we were ready to say that, if it is not an ideal thing, at any rate it will make a respectable building, as far as we know. We recognized that it wasn’t our scheme, but at the end of six months we went to the trustees and said, “Here, we have studied into the matter for six months, and we are satisfied that our opportunity is to adopt a principle which has been already worked out in architectural construction of a library, rather than to attempt to give you something of our own, which is so much beyond us that we don’t feel that we can do it; and on the whole we propose to vou to base our design on one of two or three structures.” We started on the pavilion of the Louvre as one of the possibilities, and took the Farnese Palace as another. As] say, this evolution went on until we finally turned in despair to L’Ecole des Beaux Arts as the best work of the century; and, having a librarv in its second story, it might fairly be looked to for successful results. Finally, however, we threw that away. At the end of eight months we were in despair, because we hadn’t proposed to the trustees anything we could call our own, or which was what we felt they would approve. Then we made our last and final effort, feeling that we were before the public and had not accomplished anything, and that eight months had slipped away. We finally, however, settled upon a model for a library building, which we founded on the St. Genevieve Library, in Paris, which we recognized and believed to be the best type and the best scheme in its outward expression, and also in its arrangement, for a library building.” Interestingly, McKim did not comment on the influence of Alberti or Richardson. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 40 » ie ote gta « petal w 2 Pern ed! 1 eT ee ier afr as rad wy pic @rhapeds ore 3 | aed a os a ve q Ae Ts i) (it a indiy) Wy rons SQ ne beaiate 7 . tet hata i aa yh 4 eter ner sl Dae eetie a | Aides thy HM Seta (Rican Sea ERE «tere ve) perehies die wp Ol. aagrtht 2 Rr Rao jinomid psa | iat ’ im, TRA ee ii we) hs waists, he Fru g vhhawagines te =>) oe . a ’ ais Wwe hy ne eer eins 4. vy . rapes yee Syseer 9 at a ef os 3 ee peeves oyt Woe ee ee ne elf a 1 i@ wus it he m.) wis i) (bere. Sx * ao Wee) s - »s 2 (od Deena ae eign ¢ URE Sepia ee 1. tit ly se weet A ru i oat? ware hs etry ' or, a ; hve af Co i Gens pie Daisy Sl ‘ ; ay. i. epithe a ‘BS ah (wie t Faw hae Teh me, ; sat! 208 Fy Foeew O92 15 Sor 111 * ene er f ered aw senpiabe ire wl | es aren ° |: Peas 4 eal ested pi Wow 44) Per ay, ie Mi Geer ay) ig bite: ise Bf oe [ a " ai , tnieodt an + Ae pre 10 PM Aage*> 0 ee a Nebafinw qiiv. -2faie rie ete thy CO Ataawiok tg terre, YT SH, 1a aes va Cwiadietor'’' simian peau nate ony 2 tava as ki IVa eles Vie eatp risa, in a, | vied 2 ule Lanett) ania et i) “i “l nv fas th eonrall ary Mase bree » 1h WE ly , sie SR So) a a ih ‘ask ae Le ahah (Aine Ka Mipaive aly oe OSS) Smebi® wees Pri ae Sore gle SUA EL dy rides od Wo 2s eal Mitel 99 Uh CAR sar eu tsi pagld ey cetgdeaty. ee tens en erect tee UKs eereonic, | 4 dig at Cooiemiretin ee! Hes a, anaes = x 6 tee Piie’f Ow pibdeed solh apr ianin i siete Hit’ sfieby sniidabnens ‘i wie oh a ne PMR Rue bo) ).0! omy 149 to toe eb) °P gt eae ay WE OF bo ‘elit. Bee 4 P38 60 VE Np ead emia aes (6.73 . vrei orb wah eee’ ERM Ls ci: GGT °C tee ie ip twgars. a 4 ‘ @ ae ae a¢dbedy LS Tee | a i al el BF j i's ’ O16 Ware ae ) a ieee ae may) +e Wy Pym e “otra wn . j a) Wy » itp ai a | “ oi ; ar ! ve mses , Aes | | ees 2) 6 HA WHA HE 0) obey at AG ie) debe ae ry'vtes) eb ie eg yeas ga vit Ny ahnga i y' Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim’s Design principal elevation. The great hall is reached through a modest entry and stairhall, on either side of which are located small reading and service rooms. Although there are striking similarities in McKim’s and Labrouste’s plans in the east quadrant of the Boston Public Library, there are also significant differences when the full interior plans are compared. Most notable is McKim’s inclusion of an interior court in his plan. The interior court helps to define the square plan of the. building as well as the dimensions of the interior spaces and their function. The court, combined with the stacks that McKim located in the southwest corner of the building, created a use pattern that was significantly different from that of Labrouste’s rectangular building. As on the exterior of the building, McKim’s variation in detail and finishes for the interior of the building transformed Labrouste’s library design into a dramatically different building. McKim’s intenor design for the Boston Public Library integrates art and architecture to create colorful and exuberant interior spaces, while the interior rooms of the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve are much more subdued and utlitanan in appearance. This difference is particularly evident when comparing the library’s great reading rooms (figs. E-6, 1-33). Jordy suggests that: The most evident contrast between the Boston Public Library and the Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve occurs in their reading rooms. Labrouste supported two parallel barrel vaults running the length of his reading room on exposed metal arches decorated with open metalwork in a scroll pattern. The double arching springs from the walls to either side of the room and meets in the center of the space, where a slender metal column provides support...” The interior of the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve reading room resembles a great Victorian train shed; while Bates Hall is reminiscent of a grand Roman bath chamber. McKim’s choice of materials for the interior finishes of the Boston Public Library further reveals his architectural genius and independence from Labrouste’s design. His terrazzo and marble floors; the marble grand stair; the wall paintings of Puvis de Chavannes, Sargent and Abbey; and the coffered and mosaic ceilings, created spaces whose aesthetic qualities matched or exceeded their functional purpose. 5.2 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT McKim’s design for the Boston Public Library took about a year to develop. In their interview with the Committee on Library Department in 1891, when Abbott and McKim are being questioned about the cost of the building, they described the design phase as follows: - BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 43 ‘fice in es inhi . » as ee er word a madise « doh 13 AT o Gly @iaups er: sti? ob oe ; Ain? 2 7Tgao ht aeigan) i had iii anes vi lengh ne ha CAO aur ey tt : i p ye 1 9 Peper? in As cree Mi bey Seay itanaP em, ‘4 is wr 8 ’ ; on a ath) ra ee 1 crore * Neenah 9 Ste eee pode sc oD PA) mt -Ohow Ls errhyits a2 Ld SD Os iatoantiag goa oil ea pees not ll ied ea What ads iia: - . were) spbemalhe oe . al? WW arittign ey BA peste. ecomsiaan “— ‘ia Ea oe ee en] S se” Ve} eve 0 OF) py j iret gran a d ae ne oo Rr Dale’ s2@ pats ‘Hales le 0 ah whe gan 1) 2 ae a qj iseercar } » Adetanty GA ' nips) "oeg piiiene Seiden. hoy Cigale ‘a* lp image: f iy ualt ee or he? aul oie te teehee wey rat whl egypt eee eae ight, . egal) gp erway? Ves aan, ine pheterhh a de ec adapting aa 6, 4 Davin . Souguem lermey:),) di Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim's Design McKim: | simply wish to state that the first six months of that vear we spent in the destruction of about everything—I may say everything—that we had done. It was not until September, I think. that we got anything that we thought for one moment was worthy of the consideration of the trustees. So it was not until very late in that vear that we had actually hit upon a scheme which we were ready to present to their notice, although we labored upon it constantly from the moment we commenced. The Chazrman: It was about the first of September before you had perfected plans which vou considered acceptable: Sy McKim: That we began to arrive at a scheme, through the evolution that must take place in connection with a building of this magnitude. The idea of a building was in embrvo. vou may sav. until the winter-time. I think it wasn’t until November or December—along there—that the design was finally decided upon. The Chairman: That is, the whole plan? President Abbott. That is, decided upon to this extent, that we could say to the architect “Go ahead and draw up those plans now and finish them.” There was a great deal of discussion at that time as to the material to be used. In the spring we sent Mr. McKim down to Georgia; we had an idea of using some marble produced down there. That was the first design or idea. We found that the marble was not of a suitable kind, and it was only after a great while that we could find a suitable material to build the building of. Before you know the material of a building, you can’t really make vour design. finally, draw your plans and designs; and it wasn’t until toward winter, November or December that we had fairly decided upon plans, so as to let him go ahead upon the work. After that time, I know personally that everything in the work was done that could be done to forward those plans. They were worked upon night and day with all the force that could be put upon the work. I think you had about thirty men, Mr. McKim, employed at that time, didn’t your McKim: I don’t remember exactly; but I had a very large force.” On March 30, 1888, the Trustees approved the plans for the building and authorized construction for the amount of money already allocated by the City—$450,000, minus the money that had been spent for the Vinal foundations. In April, plans and a plaster scale model were placed in the Old State House for public review and comment, and a publication of heliotype reproductions of the McKim drawings was produced. The heliotype drawings, first published in Amencan Architect and Building News in May 1888 and later published in the Supplement to the Thirty-Seventh Annual Report of the Trustees of the Public Library (1889 Trustees’ Annual Report), are reproduced in Appendix 11.3 of this report. The heliotypes reveal some of McKim’s design evolution for the exterior of the Boston Public Library. In two of the illustrations for the building, the Dartmouth Street entry is shown with a single arched opening with a balcony above holding a standing sculptural figure (figs. H-14, H-11). In two other illustrations, three arched openings have been created, but only the center opening allows passage (figs. H-2, H-10). The lower portion of the side entries are filled with carved stone tablets. A reproduction from the model BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 44 PE Gueba pas she el | ee eee a agiyc *ii4 x rw PAA. ow as , ‘ ri) id: i @MwAT ou ‘ int OAL ag AS aleweyle 4. ny it u , Di ). “FRC dee SAE Al « Watt awn inwror ie canon AT ; eo: Te aS an meee ty itd Bae » 4 14 ie hee Aonale ae 5 Be A? af! ogi Ot lagts we Ceara w(t “et rewoe io yg PT) ODMR Sep eee ailiele” Leeds vo tap IES ieee « : * vote. * oot endds Mey yn topes RE ide a » 0-8 ee ae POs sie Sp Ragsesent wrai.o-- o ah de re ot) sal itaa cle oe » Saas iO RED! gard veel kos ea We ernaeg Pade ol tyee a tw lO MOrRO TS diii ad. 4 ‘Povid ot venga < i. eM bf --#ti,) als oi Sessa iba. note lg fT ened Rae ais Setvisghemas| | hi he pal aie atic. eM tp may Sa | pea NS eee eh it: o ohcondee —* Zz diene Es | Ws faMiral, agin n 7 6) heated bE TS pao Lorne ethene oy pees bil aden), cal piveerst tv eh engeel Ferrers, “iy | ee NN? OTs reerary 45 rR 1? sy ey, wide: Rb sitcrnnaie ii A oes at's com "en cr a ss Bans sued epee oP Wao DOME OMT a a es toh on 95 ont, omc nw _ fy} . Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim’s Design shows three, fully-open arched openings (fig. H-3). Other changes that occur in the building’s exterior design include: the replacement of the arched first story windows with rectangular windows; the changing of the inscription from Latin to English; and, the addition of the bronze cheneau at the cornice and the copper cresting at the roof ridge. McKim’s later addition of the elaborate wrought iron entry lanterns and entry grilles further embellished this early design. McKim’s design evolution on the interior of the building is also evident in the heliotype illustrations. Bates Hall is shown devoid of furnishings (most notably bookshelves and reading tables), but with patrons apparently admiring its space and architectural finishes (fig. H-16). This illustration suggests that McKim’s design for Bates Hall was guided more by architectural drama than function. It also shows Bates Hall’s north apse with murals that were never executed and a carved inscription at the level of the first story that was executed in a far simpler form at the cornice above the arcade. The Special Library floor is shown in two illustrations with much more elaborate finishes than were ever carried out. One rendering labeled “Special Library (Barton)” shows the room with an arched and ornate ceiling that was never executed (fig. H-5). Another, entitled “West Gallery—Special Library Floor,” illustrates the corridors with an overlay of Renaissance detail and sculpture that was never executed (fig. H-14). Some significant spatial and functional changes were made to the plan drawings, as well. The original entrance from Boylston Street was to be a single arched opening with no carriage entry. Also, on the ground floor, the rooms that became the Catalogue and Periodical Rooms in the northeast and southeast corners were each divided into two small rooms in McKim’s early designs. The stacks were shown occupying the west half of the ground and second (Bates Hall) floors. As built, they occupied only the southwest corner of these floors. The Trustees’ Room was to be oval in shape and occupy the space that became the area that services the Delivery Room in McKim’s final design. As built, it is located on Entresol A and is rectangular in plan. On the Special Library floor in McKim’s early drawings, there is a corndor running around the north, south and west wings. This corridor allowed the separate rooms to be created for the different areas of the special libraries. As built, entrances are en suite—there is no corridor, and one library area leads into another (figs. H-7, H-8). A final noteworthy inclusion in McKim’s Boston Public Library study drawings is the drawings of Copley Square (figs. H-1, H-4). These drawings reveal McKim’s keen awareness of the context in which the new Boston Public Library was to be constructed, both in terms of its relationship to the street and the square, and to the surrounding buildings. McKim further suggested a plan for the “rearrangement” of Copley Square (fig. H-7). In his plan the grassy plots that framed Huntington Avenue were to have been BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 45 4. wa Rote si um Pit phat 3s sand ali aT pore ‘la a, Mihahsaven : ee tats. ve ra ome | ¥ & Pe el ham) aS" desis Sore niet . 7 Lilt Bolen eae a aes 2 nate’ pt we) ae rye ? Sok, io’ © Asad as hulle t) A : i +23 Ir pug ir Viy Xero? '* wites Geese ak.) =| ’ >the Asatte cor a a » ot credads. PaeOMree ve aii bane ‘ie Winds! veo apc agate rye uo gh inn 1s ek oR Rae vir v1 sce 4 ae fant ir ase a ce Ma REY sie enarNMAE ahET ated 5) OK joe heehee avr: ‘17 ODS apt aurea ve oat pol oot Shey iad aa Rainer ni b>: ae tC oat an are cl) cll eine eR | =i Sa hee : T F 7 . ' grey wes Te tela ei: Hct CUM RES) paral Gate Meets x, say aes Sehteey sys rrohe at de : A ‘: J = in MS UG uD): Se epee eaede deni § wing vores See harlges ais ¢ we i ih oe 3, 9) eto” 4 L ims Pen aiPiarodne 2 viet Siam! Sen ; iY Dt Ht Acs ee we gah a "he at Oe 7 1 Ripe p a Gy longs ae x oul Oe) Toko ae amas: ie - f' 4 2e Lore ‘wl apo : IESAP WS) A ae ie tellin a er 0h igi Vern Ot! ie nie i Mite th abla FMLA DONE Wiper ze) rit wong tls ay Dees se vow ae, CAE GES RSTO OIE UE MMT rc! only > hw Maw i ete Ad, pad peers 5 * Eee a | pret ta Io Th Kreinbly! ‘ib eae evs » Wt init sia Bak, Sea eo ae i a ) . - A ‘me tactioror> chet (istmel. nae 0A ei AT Lowy ee _ s Ok PLAID) Oot wie neil ony : iit Pie oe “ft pen " ne rs tae pote As Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 5.0 McKim’s Design removed, the square paved, and a simple Roman fountain placed in its center. None of McKim’s changes for Copley Square were executed, although it has been redesigned multiple times in the one hundred years since the Library was built. McKim’s design for the Boston Public Library was generally well-received by the citizens of Boston. However, its contrast in style and building materials to the existing buildings in Copley Square did not go unnoticed. A local newspaper writer expressed these sentiments: Its style of architecture is indescribable; even the architects admit there is nothing like it on the face of the earth. Lovers of the antique, the trustees and some art students, sav its general outline is beautiful bevond expression. The average citizen says just the reverse.” With McKim’s design approved by the Trustees and publicly displayed, it was immediately obvious that the building was going to cost more than the $358,000 that remained of the funds that had been allocated for its construction. At the request of the City Council, McKim prepared an estimate of $1,165,955 for the building. Hastily prepared, this estimate, approved by the City Council on May 7, 1888, would be greatly exceeded and would plague McKim and the Trustees throughout the construction of the building. Through the summer of 1888, McKim continued to work on the drawings for the Library. In July, the contract for the construction of the Library was advertised, and on July 23, the contract was awarded to Woodbury and Leighton.* BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 46 rey hy eee etary snneas gill abs boos ofsnnk = j rie? ad Diva ce oe aide. —* pdlgusiay —- } bs AS a ela hee 2 L” oe rug tine paren fic 7 ah bf ’ i | A - 2c Oe re @h Gr> Pt ce | | wine &y ay * 6699s ter og Spt ~ eS ieiialion Bad mean i 7 an OGRE atl ape: pee jae) at ryote io pene at) Ura (o riteeh, -Gatetind 42) md « * itt ad ai ab ® ane | ioe Mes, Bibra po AD -4e nd decage eg Sqa0) a Uo ovk. Ope. FRO! STi * 7 Ng | 6.0 Library Construction 6.1 Laying of the Cornerstone 6.2 The Construction Years ‘4 if ¥ at wn Ne PT a ay nF , o Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction 6.1 LAYING OF THE CORNERSTONE The cornerstone for the McKim Building was laid on November 28, 1888. The program began with formal ceremonies at Old South Church. Oliver Wendell Holmes began the celebration with a poem he had written for the occasion. Proudly, beneath her glittering dome, Our three-hilled city greets the morn; Here freedom found her virgin home— The Bethlehem where her babe was born. The lordly roofs of traffic rise Amid the smoke of household fires; High o’er them in the peaceful skies. Faith points to heaven her clustering spires. Can Freedom breathe if Ignorance reign: Shall Commerce thrive where anarchs rule? ill Faith her half-fledged brood retain, If darkening counsels cloud the school? Let in the light! from every age Some gleams of garnered wisdom pour, and, fixed on thought’s electric page, Wait all their radiance to restore. Let in the light! in diamond mines Their gems invite the hand the delves— so learning’s treasured jewels shine, Ranged on the alcove’s ordered shelves. From historv’s scroll the splendor streams, From science leaps the living ray. Flashed from the poet’s glowing dreams The opal fires of fancy play. Let in the light! these windowed walls Shall brook no shadowing colonnades. But say shall flood the silent halls Till o’er yon hills the sunset fades. Behind the ever-open gate No pikes shall fence a crumbling throne, No lackeys cringe, no courtiers wait, This palace is the people's own. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 47 ate om ae ae ih Davie ane ieee 97 i” ieee est + ier bb he i i qeiferdt seas) atplan re aien Baemed sae: wegmet vel he “oe dt NL hie) ot fe lets «£90 eld Ay rally FU Grigg 1 By Se ‘ + ce 0 AS Si Relea! elt i regis : 1" nae? Uhane nian diy ois isha the ea ee alts li suo: gain i oy iS aa M wis Ot oe oe epee el 1) 0) SPO titel sai 10 al hp 0 iol tiie Brg 1 fife ee the OO ale “ | hee } paode 6 est * Fite i (ae TOS fas] > © fare ish Tie av. dvwee a jue at vidoe art an Lalpered ena abt £yfivot ot tage trans y i as Om 7 ont to coterie aan onic ed say Ss adh il - fat’ 7) ‘ 46! “400 cave ag ‘= tans oF quia | “ht +) 4 ew eg hw me Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction perfect as was possible, despite the fact that even at that time the expenses on the work had exceeded the total amount of the commission. Accordingly the work was commenced, using the richer and darker tones for the lower part of the staircase and gradually shading off to lighter ones as it was carried up to and around where the Puvis de Chavannes paintings were to be. The marble for the lower part was to be the Monte Riete, or Convent Sienna, a very beautiful and rather rare marble that came only from a quarry owned bv some Monks who would not allow any contractor to work the quarry nor any modern machinery to be introduced. As a result of this policy the supply was limited, for the Monks only got out a block now and then, when in need of funds. They used primitive methods of prving it out. then rolling it down hill and selling it to some dealer. This meant finding and getting hold of all such marble as had been brought into the United States, was being brought in, or was likely to be brought in during the progress of the work. It was not only a question of getting that particular marble, but of matching the coloring and marking and also grading it so that it would lead up gradually to the lighter toned Siennas of the upper parts of the gallery. Visits had to be made to the different marble yards where there happened to be blocks of it and also to Corlears Hook where blocks of marble were landed in those days. The blocks were brought over from Italy by ships which used them as ballast and landed them at the Hook, then the marble was sawed into slabs, inspected, accepted or rejected. This procedure was followed until the work was finally completed. It was then found, on checking records, that in order to produce the desired results, four hundred tons of slabs had been handled in the manner described above, accepted or rejected, mostly the latter, and that sixteen months has elapsed since the work was started. The results however, justified his painstaking care, for nowhere in the world is there a more beautiful piece of marble work of this type. Mr. McKim had again shown his guiding principle and striven for the best with an utter disregard for what is meant in effort, time and cost.” McKim’s “utter disregard for effort, time and cost” led to significarit cost overruns. By 1891, the $1,166,000 appropriated for the construction of the library had been expended, and the building was only partly complete. Before approving additional moneys for the construction of the building, McKim and S. A. B. Abbott were questioned by the Committee on Library Department regarding how the money had been spent and how much money was to be required to complete the library. The full text of this quesuoning is reproduced in City Document No. 54 (Appendix 11.7). The hearings revealed that the inaccuracy of the original cost figures was based upon the Norcross estimate and on items that were not included in the budget. Abbott, answering the question of the reason for the cost increase, states the following: The reason is simply this, if you want to get at it: That we made a mistake, a very great mistake, in relying upon the estimates that the people who figured on that building made. Mr. McKim relies, as every architect in the country does, upon estimates given to him by people who figure on buildings, BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 51 lake bid Her oh ete | ms « ; 7 ro whin. ite: » =! ware yen ee "ets ‘ fj a wi Al "el gue Pe sure tetra; \« rf ‘ see earn yy? ws Thee 22 anh ot; ' oe al aw) oe 6-8 Fi \eeGigs @ 5 Pa 11796 oats veal Bests orre heal : ' Brea is oe wae 1) en epee ® fore ons. coll ehite te , ' ? a _ aD eicre! s ; aei jas ot 7 or - | ab suey AE at hy dwralta® ‘with j cop Oo cee “on iret? oo yl eae q ase i wiiois 3 2 ‘ rave tte = Fs 9 . . i& aren ' ei te en a Pass rata A re ee | ta ordi YT 2 i pat of el 1. ht Te dso abel ie co Se > coo aga Spal a | tat, gw Bae fi : We busines, he sia toe | oct oh eb eegnraalli qth riba math bul vacess rhe «PN CKy RTD 4 ww Adeold Ane eb Ler dr egal *, | r “3 lid -| os we putt Lonel Beg fo Gear Daas i 7 { .T] & " yi : en Pe eo ee Asie yp. J nei ve nity? | r er vat es ssobentieae plave* | va es es Pisa Tim if “es ave ah cased ABT Kas A ’ YG 2 ‘pee Bld atts CA ea pe’ writ @ é : ot pa TE deen ia age A od ey ta ee di anne = ' ; Lise pore ana y ; . 44 chs MUM 4 ti i” : 7S: jae . i Seria! larg way : a dat OF a As fs perees , es Poy (eae ag 10g? Yee oneh o> Steerer ot eas Jit Anta tert Fe a eet es Binds ahaa 7) ene 4 ae cer 5 Melee. tn * eam hic: Ww Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction and he had his quarter-scale plan, he had all that is customary for an architect at that stage of the building; and he had something more, because he had the model. That model and those plans were submitted for figures, and it was to be supposed that the men who figured upon them did their best. and gave us the best result they could. But that was the result, and it was a mistake.” Abbott goes on to say that items relating to the construction of the building were also omitted from the original estimate. These items included: the architects fees, the platforms and approaches to the building, the shelving and the “decorations”—wall paintings, sculptures and bronze doors. Abbott makes the following vague statement about the decorations: Yes, decorations. Decoration is very expensive—for instance, in connection with the doors, and one thing and another of that sort. It is very expensive.” McKim, during his questioning, also confirms the inaccuracy of the contractors estimates, but adds that the short time that the Library Department Committee gave them to prepare the estimate also contributed to its shortcoming. All I can refer back to are the facts. I consulted with Norcross Bros., with Whidden, Hill, & Co., and other well-known men here in Boston, and got a tabulated statement, which is in existence. There was not guesswork, no jumping at facts—that is, as far as within us lay in that week. We labored day and night, with the assistance of these men, and we got a total from which we took, not the highest estimate, not the lowest estimate, but a mean estimate. We went to several men on plastering, several men On iron-construction, several men on granite-work, and so on with each item; referring to the best authorities here in Boston in the different departments of construction-work. We arrived at the best estimate that could be arrived at within one week, and we submitted that to you under protest. We said, “It is a great hardship to compel us to do this;” but we submitted gracefully, because it was all we could do. We were told by your committee that, unless we did it, our vear’s work would be for nothing, and under that view of the matter we submitted the estimate.” After a lengthy period of questioning and the submission of a detailed account of what it would cost to complete the library, an additional sum of $985,560 was approved by the Committee on Library Department on March 4, 1891. The itemized estimate of the cost for completing the library building is included in Appendix 11.7. The cost overruns for the Library did not escape the notice of the Boston newspapers, who had a heyday criticizing the building while it was under construction. The Boston News, reporting on the Trustees’ request for more funds for the construction of the library, printed the following headline: “Public Library Octopus. That Huge Mass Into Which Millions of Dollars Have Been Poured, And Which, Without Ceasing, Demands More.” The article goes on to describe the Library as “an institution which was asking for millions as coolly as if the city of Boston was paved with gold.”” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 52 IW Sole fas: it ‘vikolpe ite “i a PY wel eee hit» inion att Jalal el Get 40 NS sens ceege * 5 eta At Hiren se A774 ice bee WHA rrurfoee rat uy 00! lp-eaiaaoagh seal gary «i . OT nEtEEE Ec: rtd peal ely. } tre ne ri ei re) ater eel ein tt Oy rj oe Te | car ie thee | dete aas Appin dtaadt fv) . m MRS cope ae OK? 4 th veut death rath 1 tab tees 3 pe ee Ow. cai v0. — tie ; ; oes toys D teed rs > wanes ole Die’ wane | / : vit | OR oe NU A IN faey as « Wipe rls, sect ne aan ie #0 (e hie iggy « + cohmpy'hs wipes Tey CeeenebeaEAt geeve si 1 dll ek lial tes try ON he aye Per Lae Serpe vibe» oa i:' veh ta Gages ~ | Merke irmeatvar vine teh ein " ( CR ne aL AF OE MRRRMNE le YT 54s ra ‘ ” a ra ide ' ul tats 6.9508 6 ho wealindE oat fo ee Soeteh amelenee , ig ae D itp " pon Wh mre q) on w~ a mai ft} imetig 8 pty ith vies ¢ a WAY roe ry nner bea - uh Pai brdgesaf oor, ho ney ame pila ud ‘‘ trai ma tesmpy) ‘ena otek vane wah as “pone oo ‘ ra XP = eltipad Re AE ede OR ee ri tey f | at nt oll oy i\0 ()S0Ne@ ante Msi “ SAT Se aris See 4 he “Yi Ai rs : phere shoes ey: gaia ee) ep ent @ oe ha 3 Os Sena eed ty | : nahin tT Give ino ; — anes ee alia ey Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction Abbott replied: If he had taken the trouble to glance at the plans of the library building, he would have seen that there is a space devoted to students outside the main hall fully four times as great as that of the main hall. If he had understood anything about the management of large public libraries, he would have known that main hall for the accommodation of a large number of readers is absolutely necessan, unless the library has five times the funds at its disposal than the Boston Library can expect to have. Furthermore, the main hall itself is secluded and quiet, all persons drawing books and asking for books and making application in a separate room, where they will not disturb the readers.” Poole criticized the Catalogue room as follows: In our country the first story is the most valuable. In Italv it is used for secondary and menial purposes. Hence it has few and small windows. In Venice that story has not practical value, on account the dampness, the building all standing in water. As one stands in Copley Square, he wonders how the first story, with such a meager display of windows is to be lighted. As I vesterdav passed through that story, which seemed like a crypt, I was amazed at the intention of the trustees and architect to place in such a location the cataloguing department.” Abbott replied: This statement again is absolutely false. In the first place, the cataloguing department is not in the crypt. In the second place, it is not under the building, but above the level of the street, the floor being from 4 to 5 feet above the sidewalk. The room is a room of about 80 feet long by 40 feet wide, and is lighted by 7 windows that are 5 by 8 feet, larger than ordinary doors. It has in addition the light of half another windows of the same size, and is probably as well lighted and comfortable and as well ventilated a room as any working-room in the city.” A final criticism of Poole’s is the absence of a role for the librarians in the planning of the new building. He asked the following: How came this building to be made? Mr. Greenough acknowledges that he consulted no librarians, for he says, they are inexperienced persons, with bees in their bonnets. “I had the advice of architects,” he adds, “and did as well as I could.” The result is vou have a library building, in the construction of which librarians, who are generally supposed to know something about such matters, have not had anything to say.” Abbott replied: Mr. Greenough may or may not have said what he is stated to have said, but he was certainly as capable of passing judgment on library buildings as any librarian in the country. For 32 years Mr. Greenough was a trustee of this library, and all the time took an active part in the management of ihe Judge Chamberlain, in his reply, says: “I acknowledge our building is merely the library building of the architect.” That is his opinion. His acknowledgment does not make the fact. The building is, in BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 54 oe ao aittder: co etin ny oy eth veetrene wae f SA way oe lt ie trirres rE “9° « 4s -enh¢ ivy | won ee Mlb ak RP etter yr oe aie! «py VU te igen ‘ nati sree a as ' iy of) Gai ap od eee hag haged la iv, ae ee VINA ge toile ee igre 2 pe a ‘eae sry * acta aay AS Galaghdits nol @ tame Al ating ce eye atos. bs (O) pe ceatels ype vu! ‘ +) fe et wip aoeiiy VOL, pss me of, =. “ ) ot TS geysers} ; 7 a Aidt) UAT Sa © a ‘| : thom ta tert Aire. My : 0») @ntiinne at Val) PRA veo. per ON i wrrinale 4 ; wthon diede ag) Gite ® . ite ER i Cole Gene tel eee gern cen > wy aa 9 Sh pert hg etal sree tinue age Tepe a yar or ‘ ) ney Fie Sehr ) : > | « > - it 1 ke eg we’ 7 ve Et r ye Ore he ay Sel ; i mm are = etre aor ot ae mens iat ‘i SPR On nt a 4 sugse FZ ws) iwi tots bo 7 : hs} > i _ ia) pane D ne ne ln ae hAm vr (i Nels filme st meet wT ® iy eprtuled v Badal arts aly peed He Lot priest ET ong or pene ‘ @ Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction one sense, the building of the architect, but it is a building of the architect in consultation and after study. No librarian may have been personally consulted in the matter, from the fact that, as far as we could learn, there was no one who could help us a great deal, but we have always been ready and desirous to have any person interested in library matters examine our plans and criticize, and we have been ready to profit by such criticisms, and while we have not I say, personally consulted the librarians, we have the opinions as expressed in the press, library publications, and in the large works on libraries published by the government in Washington.” In the February, March, and April, 1892 issues of The Library Journal the letters of Mr. C. C. Soule, formerly published in the Boston Herald, were extracted. Soule expressed his concerns about the cost and design of the library in Section V “How to Build a Library,” as follows: They [the Trustees] ought to use the public money as economically as possible, in building. as well as in administration, not only on general grounds, but especially because the annual appropriations are always insufficient for the active work of the library, and whatever increases the financial burden of the city must further diminish its ability to devote a sufficient sum to library service... There are two conditions, moreover, which ought always to limit the outlay on a librarv building. The first is in regard to size. It is not only unnecessary [sic] to erect a building larger than will answer the probable needs of the next 30 or 40 vears, but it is positively unwise to do so. Library science is still in a state of development. Scores of large libraries will be built during that time—each, it is to be hoped better than its predecessors. In erecting a library building, therefore, the wise plan is to set aside land enough for further growth, but to build only for immediate use, leaving ample opportunity for such extensions as shall not only increase the facilities of the library, but shall adapt them for future enlargements of it a sphere of usefulness. The other consideration regards ornament. There is no reason why the exterior of the library sr ould not be grand and even ornate if money can be spared for it; but the interior should be simple and devoid of showy ornament. It would seem to be an elementary rule of common sense that, while good taste in color and form should prevail everywhere throughout a library, no room intended for proper library uses should contain such decoration or ornament as will attract visitors who come to gaze, and not to use books. If statuary, painting, mosaics, or marbles are considered desirable in a library building. they ought to be displaved in the corridors and in show-rooms set aside for that purpose and not needed for study.” The criticisms of the librarians during the construction of the library appear to have fallen on deaf ears. There is no documentation that suggests that McKim paid any attention to these complaints—rather his correspondence and energies were focused on the selection of artwork to embellish the building and the careful selection of building materials and their installation. It was only after the building opened and its functional deficiencies became obvious on a daily basis that significant modifications were made to improve its function. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 55 SPR Bi hanes y 9 | ew) +27 1 oiy © ae 1 AAT Lop eta aor vachateiae od | . Bpaiietiea "Braga fe Sat al 7 | wane : ey, Aude oy se tobi mag. are ¥ ‘ " : 7 7s ; wy re) seat ee ris . | | - "rr A‘ woo ste ‘orale At Veena. aati siaclags V oan dupe Tei Biee's cored ‘om b: in eI vd on we” Viagation® sot eeppindil es. 1 eee bb, eu nae ee Furie Yer of" 9 hie sil ea er . * hawey hi ris eau > as “ve Venetians ewe 0: "Oe hee eee e aye se ea eee 7 14 i We on TAG re VWEes iy) et ore "oe Ain 5 | j cu ial 7 ipnl> >a ‘ © hare ‘stare . } if wee bogey 7 wai = af oT ve 4 phemeah inl ia a wivall pvp’ bh . et the, ebro 4 ib A el OF Vow egtreiat¢ we i | “hevek ’ s - 4 j “aad Gv) © as ch @ its 4 Se , 5 ‘ ; vf) jaw old Ait ty Re ee 5 vi at re ' Toh j hgh Jie ‘a Watoa Hi bald ies it oe te a — Wh icin? OW ii iP GD arn isco eee ‘i wn yh) Ty SO ea ee ae) Cul eto Cen oth ie i ig vied olor AV ape a | ee A oP% Ai 23-Pw . al oath thee Pie eR) onary? pend ’ batt Mat: Si de , wntde , * aah Ae H eddies iq) ‘Ql f OG el gitar aie ! pisces ct a oo epgue yeni cana tive i. Deke 1 CM oa aes yt Meh IW Ot tee hara wn ae bas pein | paitepae dialedaien wher" aa : Pay Doha Wy toc nape greet a m8 SSC eI Cac ante Alle ty dey : epee Se = » Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction The actual construction of the building is documented by the construction photographs of the building, the correspondence of McKim and the Board of Trustees, the Trustees Annual Reports, Trustees’ Minutes, and the drawings and specifications for the building. Excerpts of the specifications, which are held in the collection of the New York Historical Society, are reproduced as Appendix 11.4.2. It is not known whether this is a complete set of the specifications for the building, since they are not sequentially numbered nor do they have a table of contents or index. The content of the specifications does correspond well, however, with the construction drawings for the building, suggesting that they cover most of the construction work. The specifications for the library were issued over a four year period. The first specifications were for the construction of the New Public Library Building on Copley Square up to Bates Hall Floor—July 1888. These specifications dealt primarily with the construction of the foundation and the exterior walls and the structural ironwork. The second set of specifications was issued in June 1889 for Work to be Done and Material to be Furnished in the Continuation of the Erection of the New Public Library Building on Copley Square. These specifications dealt further with the exterior masonry, giving specific mortar mixes and material specifications. Interestingly, the section on cement noted, “The Portland cement is to be an approved brand of the best English manufacture. All cement to be piled in large lots on wharf convenient for inspection, and must be approved by the Trustees before being sent to the building.”” One wonders which distinguished member of the Board of Trustees visited the Boston wharves to inspect and approve all the cement for the building. Other work and materials included in the second set of specifications were brick masonry, ironwork, Guastavino tile, terra cotta, rough plumbing and glazing. A third set of specifications was issued in August 1889 for the Stone and Marble Work of Entrance Hall and Staircase, New Fublic Library Building on Copley Square. The specifications were for Batterson, See and Eisele, who supplied the stone for the Library. The section of these specifications for the “Entrance Hall” has been crossed out. The crossed out portion of the specification is very interesting as it calls for the walls and piers of the entrance hall to be built with the following: e Green-veined Vermont marble e Comblanchien or Swiss marble e Yellow Iowa marble e Caen stone e Yorkshire stone e Amherst stone” Specifying six different stones for the walls and piers indicates that this is not a final specification. It is of interest, nonetheless, because it reveals the different stone finishes BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 56 WQkn ad, HeThee Re poentt ~1s gato Ty ay rel(her aA) wri sina Bite eR we agit hak wae OO tes oro oy tae ee AN) 7 ees e ade cael jade" id sub 368 aoa Na a! oh (4.3 baleen Hates 1 MYT OD BE bers mo ee = 7» o beufi say" ential (WP aguivs) nots 4 4? Sovese deeadliie she bee.) s12w ricilt papedlaghnthheh anil, a okt wa oii anid tea ? Suda ho ant ah Palin oe laa the ee ae eS ag ts Sa eR rr. ee re pr f goth ey NOSES IED GOED Es 9 ie med. capers slate wou Ie OC eaet ry ts my )4o ; wad iow oe ee | def forarert Grier ate’ seed Raed: oy, vhs yi. Lett dain apa -. ° vo ytd tale YH sw oa Sy) He RR Wag i oe aves cole a & te ui jh: xucrelay one Budepeni spas ab Pretiias i werrnere toe of y y Soe pitied ating IRR MEST oi core? Saad » te! Wine k yh ee eee tbls f witacie Osi | Weyl mined re taster eee wl repr i= rand dential wv alate othe Bailey: -octw olelll ru erate wil wi batons ried deel “Exit aoarte wit Tey dey ee lw Gee A aleeitab gre ana em . : kf, afgrihercsl Lod wile a ‘es gn lt le bake iki sual ; 2 seat) ade fired wd hy 4 eb, Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction that were considered for this space. The walls, floors and ceilings were finally constructed with Knoxville marble. The third specification also includes the stone for the Grand Staircase Hall and Bates Hall corridor. A fourth set of specifications, for the library roof, was issued and signed in Mav of 1890. This specification gives a detailed description of the materials that were to be used for the original roof. In November of 1891, the specification for the Plastering of the New Public Library Building was issued. The issuance of this specification indicates that the building was enclosed and ready to receive its interior finishes. The specification for the Marble Work, issued in April of 1892, reveals that a variety of marbles were considered for interior finishes—Echaillon, Verona red, pink Knoxville, white Italian, and red Champlain. Handwritten changes on this specification also reveal that the choice of marbles for specific uses was changed during construction. In October of 1892, specifications for the interior Brick and Stone were issued. A second set of specifications issued in October of 1892 is for the interior Carpenter Work. This specification is for the interior wood finishes, specifically the built-in furniture. The species used for this work were primarily American and English oak. The original construction drawings for the new library correspond with the specifications. There are individual sets of drawings for the different specifications, showing the specified work on each of the floors of the building. The sets also include study drawings of interior finishes and reveal how the finishes were changed during the construction of the building. The Trustees’ Annual Reports provide an informative summary of the construction progress of the library. The 1889 Report noted that the foundations of the building had been finished and a Guastavino fire-proof tile system had been adopted for the ground floor construction. A model of the main cornice was constructed at the corner of the building at Dartmouth and Blagden Streets. All exterior walls were erected to a height of 11-feet above the Bates Hall floor, except the rear section of Blagden Street, which was 7- feet above the Bates Hall floor. The vestibule on Dartmouth Street was finished, except for the carving, and the Blagden Street vestibule was complete except for setting the steps. Finally, the marble piers inside Entrance Hall had been set. The Report for 1891 stated that “considerable delay has been caused by the postponement until late in the year of the appropriation for the completion of the work.”” While deferring the opening of the library, this delay also allowed the exterior masonry to dry before application of interior finishes. One item that was completed was the installation of Louis St. Gaudens’ lions in the Grand Staircase Hall. In 1891 there were lengthy discussions and questionings regarding the cost of the library and budgetary issues. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 57 hoch 2 ws eo! eto will . ey a meas Ba ei 7 ee: ¢ seereeatok—r:2 | aga a \ ie ee ee we how 7 ek eo herent teheseah ‘ i We! or toa wtietet a Of mt | ‘ aii: as ated ipa eile ial] Mii: >and Se Aroy bi i ata oti atl sete lanl) eer eae, Sip WN , ; al avenge > rhe eohton MAT ew ie? Bs LA th jo nivel hea aii lie ile. a el aa oa (i) tide 16 acto sale bert Bais . Thong aed eeperts ary ni? % ae is OFF To Woda? test is 0) Saag te mn ee} i ay bow: eaeieaissrie Me wet. 0: ' + omheeeneeinlld han ie ‘ ee pe a naieRiede ec ye Matis) wotrevel wit) Lo.ewnitent (ilies ose ied sas ty lie Qala: Mier <5: > ae we ard miugtbadg Gitahe:). oo : ia Aish, sel mH Arse aT patho wr! edd wives >a te boas ch watt probaly Sener Were of Icio — ; hice agit pie 1) mee SEPRO Et (16 +) erot tod i one eee | , Tr? a 24 tae! twagest ail) losis Ga hie ert ot. a! pelea eae > deem SA) ae Cys eet Tel Set ab ve eabpie toren eee rie, T7My tethwa9 ee id 2d eoageaAueny sais. yd eat j yr. brodageal-csowt Se ie es age OF ahi ent so Seattle : oi: “b-boy eles eee ute Ds ge eee =e ae ec 2 , 1G. meade hyip abies } ied dive Cesar nny 24 ia eat cod Alot Silbe utdrggtd tein cin saale ae ot J s Van : nde a at : - 7 - 7 oH i oe oh _ : » ey Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction The 1892 report contained a long, detailed listing of the work completed that year. Exterior work included completion of the Blagden Street platform and steps. The sidewalk and railing on Boylston and Dartmouth Streets was finished, and the buffers, curbs, driveway pavement, and statuary pedestals for Dartmouth Street entrance were completed. The carving of frieze inscriptions and tablets on all three elevations of the building was complete. The courtyard arcade and fountain basin was set. In 1892, a great deal of progress had been made on the interior as well. The cellar concreting was completed. The installation of mechanical systems was in progress. So far, the heating apparatus was on; the columns were fire-proofed; and supports were set for the book railway and pneumatic service. The beams, terra-cotta floor and all work connected with the elevators was set. Details regarding specific rooms were also noted in the 1892 report. In the Periodical Room, the brick wainscot and columns were finished; the radiators were set; the register frames and air-ducts were in place; the fireproofing on the walls was completed, and the floor was ready for terra-cotta. In the Map Room the brick and stone finish of the walls was complete and the walls were plastered. The ceiling was painted and the marble door jambs and radiators were set. In the North and South Corridors on the ground floor the ceiling was plastered; the walls were ready for skimming and the marble door jambs, wainscot, and electrical conduits were in position. Finally, the stonework for Bates Hall was finished, and the ironwork for most of the ceiling was put in position. The 1893 annual report stated that work had proceeded satisfactorily, but that the building would not be ready for occupancy in 1894. The Trustees’ minutes, summarized in Appendix 11.5, and the Annual Reports record some of the contracts that were awarded for the construction of the library. They are as follows: July 1888 Woodbury & Leighton General Contractor Apmil 1890 Post & McCord Iron Roof May 1890 Lindeman Terra Cotta & Tile Roofing Roofing Tile Co. October 1892 Ira G. Hersey Carpenter October 1892 Isaac N. Tucker Plumbing October 1892 G.E. Company Electric Wiring October 1892 Norcross Bros. Brick & Stone October 1892 Bowker Torrey & Co. Marble Work October 1892 Snead & Co. Ironwork BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 58 vein ee a tae Pani) to, codes onthe hea son aan alain hee Wet atu wee 2 eit aye Tl YT eee Hie te aes ion Inevrie 7 cov Doe Te ONen 4d ee as grit acy Se 34! 2 oe sears de eboeyine Le ‘ead | ie ore ra el Al - be er ie baw oral afte-terpni .« goal AT i as cal ra ba i ? co etl ed $ . Selibte 7 : ; i er es ee ee ov sndaliaan its ¥ ye | twAiet 48) Setsai ooo | rnulon Seen a ire lew egereee cher alee ne saat mans . og al eae be in by eer eating dat yeas ~~ ntade ) ies alae © ite see i debe sdeigenl “oe | iia dt) entiy el@eger ‘! CepGiey Brags © DST ly in “fh welled «> ° Ctra dread: bane mrt ne Se yenhe at hiliael Saat: af tee prtctumide Tol eh oe L¢«é * heal ean re é' au set. . MD og a | sar aod fund in ke on aE Iyouaee Suapeare Chaleereny MR hoe. o0. Rena om f ea PK re ee me eels ull gael iO ah i Rp ae, dither : - Dies al Jia lah os Ici oh, s.) 7. nal (tials utes. ~ | Ss A =e hae hos rehab a 7 ae b> iil aie > vonsld 2. a ‘a! mm \- ada pre)? wera oh, Wa ion, . Ser he ucieNy i: a a a ah . . uy ‘ . bee 7 - a io. rT. hh Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 6.0 Library Construction The Trustees’ minutes also include many entnes relating to the artwork purchased and commissioned for the library. There are entries relating to the Abbey paintings in the Delivery Room, MacMonnies’ Bacchante in the Courtvard, French’s bronze doors for the Entrance Vestibule, Garnsey’s ceiling and wall paintings in the Staircase Hall, Sargent’s Special Library Floor hall paintings, and Whistler's unexecuted Bates Hall panel painting. These entries indicate that the Trustees had an active role in the selection of the artwork and that it was a supplementary task to the actual construction of the building. The Trustees’ minutes include a few entries that reveal changes to the building during construction. On March 27, 1889, the Trustees approved the substitution of the granite in the courtyard for previously specified light brick with granite timmings; on May 23, 1890, they approved the substitution of buff Amherst sandstone in place of wood for the wainscot in Bates Hall; and on February 16, 1894, they approved the omission of the grilles on the lower windows. A final revelation of the Trustees’ minutes is the discussion related to areas of the building that experienced problems even before its construction was completed—most notably the arcade roof, the heating system, and the elevator. (See Appendix 11.5 for detailed information). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 59 ‘hime OAs. jr me e* A OTe ee 0 Mm saningice ie, oly je ah @ on we (sam J wi Shands: Myre? riire> a ag p oe hic gents ag @ thier aa a & va eQirae alive gilt af stellen et ae Te Nae oo fy modal Beles oa? 7 Save r ‘elas yk? of ogietaiaadea x 4 a a Lago Ree alate: aa a3 schergnly ater? thal, ih at ji wl re it SAMARIA To lo au Coiegth wt baled qual: bats reaidet ” al ~ ! pt oi ‘ o4 Olivain crepe ale wa tt Bi tarwatis ¢ pate Oe OUTER SIGhas 83 21 ) vereen ety DA ice > 2: 7.0 Architectural History of the Bane 1895-1972 ff: Introduction 7.3 Interior 7.1.1. Interior Plan Evolution Feed Exterior 7.2.1 Introduction 7.2.2 Library as Completed in 1895 Liesnen Foundation Agia Exterior Walls 7: 2i2e Windows 7.2.2.4 Doors /:2.2eg Roof 1.2.2.6 Interior court Veeyy 7.2.3 Library Alterations to 1909 1.2.30 Roof 7.2.3 Windows & Doors /2.3a8 Artwork 7.2.3.4 Interior Court 7.2.4 Library Alterations 1910-1972 7.2.4.1 Foundations 12:4 Exterior Walls 7.2.4.3 Windows 7.2.4.4 Doors 12.4 Roof 7.2.4.6 Interior Court Waco 7.3.4 Ground Floor ae ha) elk Entrance Hall & Corridors ye 1 Cie Peniodical Reading Room LL Current Periodical Room ype Fe Boylston Street Driveway Vas pa hes Bindery & Printing Office pre ro Le} Catalogue Room pers CF Ordering Room ipso td bya Grand Staircase Hall Bates Hall Floor Petoeal Puvis de Chavannes Gallery VAs By iy Bates Hall Vf hae | Delivery Room Foie Librarian’s Room PDI 22) Trustees’ Room, Waiting Room, Ante Room 75220 1898 Librarian’s Room & Offices Peach Children’s Room the aes} Patent Room (a.k.a. Elliott Room) i fie Newspaper Reading Room ese 1898 Patent Room Special Library Floor Liao eh Sargent Hall Spek oes Music Library bear Bei Barton Library 7.3.3.4 Fine Arts Pak ine fa Photographing Room Fyfe "vce Be) Corridors Stacks By dF erst Ay! Ue ‘ony ” ik y yi Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 7.1 INTRODUCTION The architectural history of the McKim Building for the years 1895 to 1972 is presented chronologically for the exterior of the building and the interior rooms. The time frame of 1895 to 1972 spans the years from the opening of the McKim building until the opening of the Johnson Building. The addition of the Johnson Building significantly changed the use of the McKim building and facilitated the planning for the 1990s Project. This project, undertaken by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Architects, is described in Section 8.0 of this report. Each section of the following architectural history of the McKim Building is divided into three periods. The first period described is 1895, the opening of the Library. The appearance of the Library in 1895 represents the original McKim design and the materials used for the building’s construction and finishes. Many of the interior finishes were not completed when the Library opened. The second period highlighted is from 1895 to 1909. Charles Follen Mckim died in 1909, and this time frame was selected to identify the work completed and the alterations made to the building in his lifetime. Because many of the interior finishes were not completed by 1895 and the function of the library required design modifications in its early years, there were a surprising number of changes made to the building in the thirteen years after it opened to the public. The thira period described is from 1910 to 1972. This is a relatively long time frame that includes the construction of the annex on the west side of the McKim Building in 1918. It is a period of time, however, when alterations were made to the building incrementally, and there was no single campaign of remodeling that significantly altered the use or appearance of the building comprehensively. Within these three periods of architectural history for the McKim Building, selective remodeling campaigns were undertaken. These campaigns provide a framework for understanding the overall history of the building—architects involved and the reasons behind the alterations. They also provide a context for understanding the specific changes to the exterior of the building and the interior rooms described in this section of the report. Immediately after the Library was constructed and opened to the public, improvements were required. Herbert Putnam, the first librarian for the library once housed in the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 60 aay VENTA me . of ak Sells nul {ts nt me Ys Betty ; bi dl Ai pe j n> s Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 McKim Building, took an active role in recommending changes to make the building more suitable to its uses. Some of the issues addressed included: a shortage of space for readers and book storage, a more rapid system of book delivery, better reading areas for patrons, and improved ventilation. By 1898 major alterations had been made to the building. The most pressing issue of lack of space, was partially alleviated by moving some administrative and service functions into the stack areas and Entresol levels. For instance, the Librarian’s Office was moved into the second floor stacks to free the space behind the Delivery Room for better book delivery services. Some areas were converted to provide more usable space. For example, the porte cochere on Boylston Street was enclosed to make an extension to the Periodical Room, and galleries were added in the Newspaper Files Room and in the Small Periodical Room. Book delivery was improved with a new pneumatic tube system in the enlarged Issue Department. Much of this early work appears to have been done by the Boston firm of A.S. Jenney and Thomas A. Fox, Architects who worked for McKim, Mead & White at this time, and later became a successor firm for the building. The Trustees’ Annual Report for 1899 states: The opening of the library year found the extensive improvements upon the new Library building and the fittings thereof, for which the City of Boston had provided the sum of $100,000... They have given to the Library increased facilities for administration, enlarged SEGA EET for readers, and much needed additional machinery, administrative equipment and furniture.. After these initial changes were made to the building, little was done within the next twenty years. Horace Wadlin, the librarian from 1903 to 1917 was more of a businessman, and Whitehill characterized his term as one of “orderly housekeeping.” The major physical change that occurred during this time period was the transfer of the Binding and Printing Department out of the McKim building into a building on Stanhope Street in July 1902. The Patent Collection and Statistics Departments were then moved from their locations on the Bates Hall floor into the former Bindery space in the northwest corner of the ground floor. In addition, major repairs to the extenor roof were made involving the replacement or repair of all tiles and re-cementing of all joints.” Charles D. Belden, former State Librarian of Massachusetts, replaced Wadlin in June 1917, and undertook the second major phase of changes in the Library's history. The building was then almost 25 years old. Its general state of disrepair, in addition to its inability to adapt to the changing needs of the Library, became significant issues. Concern was so great that the first mention of the need for an entirely new building occurred in the Examining Committee Reports as early as 1921. They noted that public spaces were “uncomfortably crowded,” the stacks were almost full, and some departments were in inaccessible locations within the building. They suggested using the McKim building for special collections and research and adding on an adjacent building for collections to serve the general public.” Little did they know that exactly this plan would take shape, but not for another fifty years. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 61 7 J ls of nee ale | ‘ z et Patines Tat ere Qaelurst Eee “LGA | a yO t-te sSod Balt beets 5 yee ee hod “ine antvony 24 2, ni a stargate: ralew h ‘gavenveni ld gee ort ore, Say x f abv bir sis nf ly pede! ea Sahr-> i aligistal cy by ouit Gage fre co ai saie' Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 the Open Shelf Department and a completely new Audio Visual Department were located on the basement level. In the early 1960s, a $600,000 appropriation was made from an Extraordinary Repairs Loan that enabled many long needed repairs to be done. Changes were also made in preparation for the anticipated construction of the Johnson Building. These were mainlv rearrangements in the use of spaces and associated minor physical changes. Drawings corresponding to these changes were prepared by the architecture firm of Ames & Graves. In the Exterior Section (7.2) the history is divided into elements of the building. It begins with the as-built description, which is followed by the two alteration periods described above. In the Interior section, each significant room is discussed. The first page of the section provides the original name of the room, the room number being used in the 1990s project, a chronology of the use and name changes of the room, and a plan showing the location of the room. The listing of the use and name changes of the room throughout the building’s history was compiled from a variety of sources including drawings and written documentation. These sources include, Small’s 1895 Handbook, plans/information published in the Trustees’ Annual Reports, plans located in the BPL Drawings archive, and relevant magazine/journal articles. Dates were chosen based on when significant changes were made in the room. The plans presented on these pages, which are believed to represent the as-built condition of the BPL in 1895, are actually from the 1897 Trustees’ Annual Report. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 63 havtemd Sige: tagiert 4) iG ooRGieL emg ital +0) ance ods to og iy tee Sel) ees weetuee s} eee ew gienibied @ , it it eit Teel a eet athe end aamansagsod a , Owbisgeds.. a 4) sig ovtbekel ory neadtas civil | phen tance: vias > simmers Sarva “a -a =; cle ey creo: 7 eu wees eogecris b v1 wa. 90 hz Se copiers : : Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 7.1.1 Interior Plan Evolution The following plans, from seminal years in the Library’s history, illustrate the physical changes made to the building from McKim’s original design to just prior to the construction of the Johnson Building. The earliest published plans of Mckim’s designs were Heliotype prints, published in American Architect and Building News in 1888 and then in the Supplement to the Thirty-Seventh Annual Report of the Trustees of the Public Library (1889 Trustees’ Annual Report). The McKim Mead and White Monograph contains the next incarnation of McKim’s design, but this was still not exactly as built. Other plans on these pages come from Trustee’s Annual Reports of 1897, 1898, and 1908 years when major changes can be observed. The 1959 plans represent the way the building appeared prior to the Johnson Building’s erection. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 64 nthe yor’ % oie its au ie gos ‘ y om ' ath 7? Sree eek. hh aw of) There® =. ' — . 5 2 , “i e == 7) | =u = SSEELARTIT SS _ in Mf ee TTL F ‘= EE | | = = i i = serra hse a raat ( : | | Rt ap ky | | | U L / | ——— es PRINTING bf ji : : celal | Wee OFFICE Spor SYREET ENTRANCE * £20' 0” J : 23 a r tet — — ) FET 8 HALL [Caress pa One et Ii SSS | BRANCHES : BeOS 4 pa—eall SERVICE HN Hn STAIRS od oak: oniveway = PD t | me f i | LOADER! \} i} ° U os N. ARCADE CORRIDOR it 2 ae ! ro po Mii. n-ne tT ENTRANCE i : , g@ tl @ ce : : C OfAKD STE CA eS ~ Lheroene we cre = > LnAvors o-w o Fv o CLOAK BOr" . S cama eer nena oan @ uote 2 PwmUce«TE eC Ha~OR oo yy ovement er See See 5 eee eee rah i ee oe ern nay ee oe re eee 7 Co PO we™~rsrre ere ierewe SSS SSS SS SS a ee ~ CaTARwOoume rT ~ AP BOOM Ow CENTRAL LIBRARY, GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR PLAN Heliotype Monograph 1895 ae a a 4 a Wo ‘ ) 1 Lf \ e 6 oe - é a ‘Ving wey = a4 j 1.)oa “ - LJ 2 ; 4 7 i , 7 * / - ’ 4 : 7) ; r | “% - i | si i = F ? 4 7 a ~¥ > ‘ se Tey | aes hat nf ‘ar - Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report CENTRAL LISRARY, GROUND FLOOR. 1898 LAVATORY PUBLIC PUBLIC LAVATORY, i PUBLIC STENCGRAPHER 4 TELEGRAPH PRINTINS DEPARTMENT COURTYARD. ORDERING ANO RECEIVING DEPARTMENT ENTRANCE HALL CATALOGUE AND SHELF DEPARTMENT ENTRANCE GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1908 wr AE 28 art eg my Interior Plan Evolution Ground Floor N- WOMENS LOSER 100m boi i Vee rere eur le owes t fe Lume Roe: vze mano iow Cetiod caL wane =" Y Poston Puntic Linrar © PLAN OF GROUND FLOOR fe BL ee ee Pe Jas wee 1959 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report LIBRARY, ENTRESOL A DRIVEWAY, CONTINUED CURRENT PERIODICALS. CONTINUED PERIODICAL READING ROOM GALLERY v— © STACKY esierted LUNCHEON AND LOCKER ROOM CATALOGUE AND SHELF DEPARTMENT GALLERY LUNCHEON & LOCKER ROOM (CATALOGUE AND SHELF DEPARTMENT GA_LERY NEWSPAPER FILES. GALLERIES AUDITOR CENTRAL LIBRARY, ENTRESOL A NEWSPAPER FILES GALLERIES ALDITOR CENTRAL LIBRARY, ENTRESOL A BINDERY. SONTINJED - PRINTING CEPARTMENT CONTINUED PERIOD CALS CONTINUED PERIODICAL PERIODICALS FILES GALLERY NEWSPAPERS GALLERY NEST ii PERIODICALS CONTINUED PERIODICAL PERIODICALS GALLERY NEWSPAPERS GALLERY Interior Plan Evolution Entresol A ‘ Boon Puacmaons 63 —— > - Deran crscur Buemesa # Orrice 4 Urenn Paar PeRaQurial. ROOM Sees Sueie Deparrmenr Boston Puntic LIBRARY 1959 Dian of Entresor A & Stack No.3. SCRLE. Hehe N— oA ‘4 wh xa he ary : a | { ; €e q mh eo fi ( ie (MENS? ae Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report. Interior Plan Evolution Bates Hall Floor Na Ta TET Rashi re rs ee Sees a Se I = iz >< Be zl CENTRAL LIBRARY, BATES HALL ° 1° - se ae nd SA SESS Sa SCOrrer PLAN -OF -RSADING-ROOM-FLOOR- Came CaTALouUR SaTe™ MALL are - tie SEs £065 Latoey “ad sneno> ( \wePvouar SAE TIE eC ORRIOMCALS 38’ e- 08 SECOND FLOOR PLAN Heliotype Monograph 1895 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior Plan Evolution Bates Hall Floor N— 8 = eC = | AuNax Srauc Ni5 oF PER pae~ or sracr eet) STATISTICAL DEPARTMENT a — PIC UMENS. SISTED LECTURE HALL uUprr@? pagm oF teres Vas LECTURE HALL iii ss Lowey "A . a :: : ay ‘> } us as on! SaaeSOis GRIST SERA ND ES Eee RARE a hi ull = ; ebes a L Assar Rosy MAIN STAIRCASE HALL $: LOBBY Caracecuc (Nene pe GENLRAL Z Beran: TAPART en CENTRAL LIBRARY. SECOND FLOOR CENTRAL LIBRARY, BATES HALL FLOOR BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY ao Y Plan os Batrs Hair Fioor ¢ Stace NOS £55 SCART Ss im WH 1898 1908 1959 Boston Public Library McKim Building | Historic Structure Report - Interior Plan Evolution Entresol B ate ____¥j N—- : lj ! i PATENT ROOM GALLERY LECTURE HALL CONTINUED = 8c oe >= i <= z6 | eo : 2 Bsa | : i! t i \ CHILDRENS ROOM GALLERIES TRUSTEES’ TRUSTEES ROOM, ANTEROOM 1 | pa ! F . ‘ ee eee eee 6 i ISSUE DEPARTMENT, : CHILDRENS ROOM H CONTINUED ra 3 GALLERY i Se YF ‘. sb a a “ Th H uu) | Lo J i i BATES HALL Il CONTINUED BATES HALL. CONTINUED ' i\ 1 Qt a eee = < =a Z 7 2 Ate ae i 1895 CENTRAL LIBRARY, ENTRESOL 8B Urea Paar oe Stacn STATISTICAL DEPARTMENT GALLERY Lecce any of hi LECTURE HALL. t CONTINUED Leervee Hace 2 Se < eg sé zs hd zo Hy s = : ms —— = Urcen Pane oe {if J os CHILOREN'S ROOM. Passan) Sipe H TRUSTEES’ TRUSTEES’ Hel CONTINUED FOOM ,ANTEROOM oe He ie aes Piss = Cae i 5 te ‘ SS RS SS aS _ ! ISSUE DEPARTMENT { IN OMS " : CHILDRENS ROOM Vennm feneis Pua” Re q CONTINUED aie of ; GALLERY s. hs oa Nees RACenks Detae—ecer ‘ ee f extn OF yy | Veece Maar c& Bares Hare BATES HALL CONTINUED. f iF \ ¥ i= — ze. wt ps eSoa = = — - —_— = — com CENTRAL LIBRARY, ENTRESOL B Doston Pupiic it IBRARY = 1908 1959 ? 8 pom FLAN oF Entresor 3 4% Stack Nad {4 } : SY Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Helio e A PRADO BOON Cortes K eprcayL av 2-60" S MALL one [Faw PATONT LIBRARY 30% W's © ABT Boon oror mR BARTON LIBRARY Tr"-30" 2 wseroe ee X PAARER LiBQARY ZT ~s0'e & eneervre trw--ss o WEST cAUaRY 9 -.ST- = mast Cursey - rt S THAYER JOCMOLS T REAMKLLX @ AREEXCAN PUBLIC POCUMEETTS 30° 806 Weenies 2o> . « Docent Ss o M TXEMOE Leaner se -er . CALLBEY 9+ ID0'e~ P + PRINCe USeAEY ST e790 2 STR OnLieey eee LieeAey Boos ii: a 1000 EC! UBRAI AL NES D SE ated BARTON- TICKNCR STAIRCASE HALL Le Te BATES HALL CONTINUED CEN RAL LIBRAAY SEECIAL LIEGRARIZS FLOCK 1898 SPECIAL LIBRARIES bet a +a ee ‘ s SPECIAL oie ‘Wp SPECIAL LIBRARIES LIBRARIES : H eel hee : MUSIC LIBRARY BATES HALL. CONTINUED: CENTRAL LIBRARY, SPECIAL LIBRARIES hres SPESIAL L BRARIES TRUSTEES" noow, CONTINUED (=) is) ae | a | 9 Setanta tate | EARTON. TICKNOR STAIRCASE HALL —— I —— BATES HALL CCNTINUED 1908 CENTRAL LIBRARY SPECIAL LIBRARIES FLOOR i al. ma = _ = aH WIGdtn Gaiiay Bone Boston PLAN ce Species. Lispracr Dersat men ORTH Ueece Pant Fine Aarts Der se reas Teeasuvec Sageecnr PuB.ic Special Library Floor Interior Plan Evolution + fe \: 7 ¥ * 4 Pe, . » q Tr 7 Z y io Bp)! 7 "y 7 > / . ran sewn irae a © SHRi cy i? : - oe i oe Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior yi EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING 7.2.1 Introduction The exterior of the McKim Building has been both criticized and praised for its classical simplicity. At the opening of the library, Mrs. M.G. Van Rensselaer wrote about these mixed reactions and summarized them as follows. Of the critics she said: It was called cold, uninteresting, severe, unsympathetic, monotonous, and conventional. The tower of Trinity, beautiful, but in a very different way; the showy taller tower of the “new Old South Church”; and the gaudy front of the Art Museum, but not beautiful at all, but only gaudy—these also faced on Copley Square, and in the eves of ignorant observers they seemed to reproach the library for its cold neglect of the rich resources of architectural form and color, and for its reticent refusal to declaim about the millions of money it had cost.” Of the admirers she said: They praised its dignified simplicity, its symmetrical serenity, its classic calmness and repose, the harmony of its features and proportions, the excellence of its materials and their treatment, the charm of its very pale gray tone relieved by the strong yet not aggressive red tone of the roof, the delicate vigor and good taste of its decorative details, and the noble result of all of these—the stately yet reserved and quiet expression of the building as a whole, admirably appropriate to its name and purpose. Though received with mixed emotions when it was first built, the exterior of the Boston Public Library has withstood the test of time and in the 20th century has become an architectural landmark in the City of Boston. (See Figures E-27 to E-35 in Appendix 11.1.1 for a chronological photographic survey of the building). 7.2.2 Library as Completed in 1895 7.2.2.1 Foundation The foundation for the Boston Public Library is built upon wooden pilings. The specifications for the pilings state the following: The work to be done in strict accordance with the Piling Plans, and the piles are to be all of sound spruce, perfectly straight, of even growth, free from shakes, bad knots, or other defects, and driven vertically from 10 to 12 inches into blue clay, as may be directed, the length of piles to vary according to location; the contractor will be required to make soundings, and find blue clay or other good bottom in all cases to the satisfaction of the architects.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 65 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior The foundation is constructed of cut granite. An entry in the specifications suggests that some of the granite from the Vinal foundations may have been reused in the Mchim foundations. The specification states: Remove all existing stone foundation walls which in any way interfere with the construction of the buildings as shown by the drawings. The contractor at his option to use any or all of such stone, or any of the stone, in existing work which is not designed to be built upon, provided such stone be found to comply fully with that hereinafter specified for foundation. The foundation was constructed by laying granite levelers between the stone piers. The granite block was then built up in horizontal courses of “good bed” laid with slate chips and Portland cement mortar. The Portland cement specified was to be “White's imported English or LaFarge French”; the mix was to be “one of cement to two of sand.” At the grade line, the foundations were treated with a damp course of 1/2 inch of bitumen. The outer foundation wall was to be built up to the line of the granite seats and watertable.™ 7.2.2.2 Exterior Walls The exterior walls of the library are faced with Milford granite, except the west wall, which is constructed of brick. The choice of a single stone facing material, with the exception of the carved panels over the entry doors, creates a monochromatic appearance. The specifications called for Milford granite to be used for the ...open court in centre of building [this was later changed to yellow brick with granite trim], the walls of drive-way, all panels, tablets, stone architraves, string, sill and belt courses, water tabling, thresholds for all doorways, openways opening into streets and court, all sills, lintels, and stone mullions, where so indicated, all wheel-stones at entrances, together with any other moulded, cut or carved stone surfaces on the exterior court...” , The granite ashlar was laid in “8-inch and 12-inch thick courses, and no headed joints [were to] show less than 16 inches.” The ashlar surface has a dabbed finish.” The extenor walls of the library rise from a granite platform that surrounds the Library on three sides—Boylston Street, Dartmouth Street and Blagden Street. The platform was designed to raise the Library above Copley Square and make its height more compatible with the surrounding buildings. On the Boylston Street elevation, the platform is three steps high; on the Dartmouth Street elevation, it is three steps high at its sides and six steps high at the center entrance; and on Blagden Street it is not stepped, but rather forms a platform along the facade. There is a metal railing along the Blagden Street platform. On Dartmouth and Boylston Streets there are granite posts spaced along the sidewalk. The tops of the posts are carved with low-relief eagles, a design which was taken from the staircase at the Piazza di Spagna in Rome. Granite posts of decreasing size also lined the carriage entrance on Boylston Street (fig. E-40). On Dartmouth Street, the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 66 erage! Fg a geen, a. omy’ ~ ” iol t eagrnie cae ter: age G0 FERED ei 1440'4 6 rwriry Fe sos! Yay) eg cp o@ re ¢in cue rom Reais qpdutat oc “we , nf Sdey lever scetoaliel of uy ata palerytin on) ia on | dol A Ma : 1 hee RRS: TaFeset Teuteo f ~ voip hh te Lao blah intr ey" ahiaaws ny 23D an 7 Phe atigos ore tha thing Per aretha? 245 bs a . ‘ i te SHC ore 40 f, i oy 9 > Wie fe 0 sis i es ee ete attra haves Le ‘eete « Eiacieds sci? gonad 4 (tur yt 1 gags (atin MEN Tw Canes eT MeN oes 2G » een OPA yet tas othe 4 a ; » ltrs “i ahiiee Gl Py F envi) ridbud b> ona ; | "wig DRS, ‘ea pen Ve 4 . me wie al ig: at rrtes 1a gene er d>ineé iy: Ni gyre oeeare ~ eget ie he we iti? eiagat too, ay Vp ad la no pi baod # anaitis id Bs ariel Rip: maya Pa Se ih x acl »o oe he) Res }- 4 2 aaa pre peso ina (* pir whi ae @ Ms gig] ii Be jen ai etel FES hie th = 7c , a _— iG ; yar : hohe im ne te ee SUG. ty im rat ie we igi eno 7 abe. ett pat ae how lout gis 4/3 > Read 0 ee iedicaty Jette , oliges | werd? of op bpyhs fy faye eh Wee Nips fig vanly beehh . 1» eee yee + chy perso ydl.oe 3! ooking tociw he“ “Pr fe ait ucla eel alr : t; “o> obid 11; i hee ret ot atoee Gh yitiw terirs = cals ie pemeeteeralls Ie th “iM Je didigeial? Be Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior sidewalk projected into the street at the library entrance. The sidewalk was paved with brick, laid in a herringbone pattern (fig. E-36). Located on the platform, on either side of the Dartmouth Street elevation in 1895 were two granite pedestals awaiting the sculptures of Augustus St. Gaudens. Unfortunately, Augustus St. Gaudens died before these sculptures were completed.“ Small said the following about the St. Gaudens sculptures: The design of these groups [sculptures] is not yet definitely settled, but it is probable that they will be disposed in the following manner: on one side a single male figure representing Law, flanked bv two female figures representing Power and Religion; on the other side a male figure representing Labor, flanked by two female figures representing Art and Science. All the figures are to be seated, and of heroic size; that is, if standing they would be about nine feet high.” Whitehill further described St. Gaudens’ decade long effort to produce these sculptures: Although Saint-Gaudens held the groups of figures for the main entrance more at heart than any other work he had undertaken, he was never able to complete them. His first plan was for a male personification of Labor, between female figures signifving Science and Art on one pedestal, with a male likeness of Law between female Religion and Force (or Power) on the other. He went about his commission so conscientiously as to set up painted reproductions of the figures in front of the library facade to determine the scale. Eventually the design changed to Law, flanked respectively by Executive Power and by two figures personifying Love for one pedestal, with the other devoted to Science, with Labor and Art (in the guise of Music) as the subsidiary figures.” (fig. E-37) The early drawings for the Dartmouth Street elevation also show Corinthian columns at the corners of the platforms (fig. D-1). These columns appear to have been deleted during construction, perhaps when the columns at the entrance were eliminated from McKim’s final design. On the east (Dartmouth Street), north (Boylston Street), and south (Blagden Street) elevations of the Library, the granite walls are constructed with three stone finishes that are separated by projecting granite beltcourses. Reading from the platform up, the first portion of the wall is constructed with large granite block , laid flush, with a narrow mortar joint. The granite benches are located in front of this section of the wall on the east and north elevations. The basement windows of the library are located under the granite benches. The windows onginally contained glazed sash and were covered with iron grilles. (The glazed sash have been replaced with slabs of granite.) The granite walls are constructed with this type of block up to the height of the underside of the sills of the first story windows. This portion of the wall is separated from the window sills by two projecting granite beltcourses. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 67 vm ata cy ee bane TRON gH WoW mn itor OS. ile yan caw Winerubie SAT. comiryie Pe ste (C8 «i aotrvesls mean? Capea or Senna.) ssa we sae So “ft lite YU “ hSsinio. ak SIF ews 25 a! “4 eT @ raget lierene eei(tw? } ; vt rim. Ga iv pec Lis egy yeres Sy wh Bey eet n ; i Hie MITTTA PGI bin afr Piet O° Peed STS IGOdé ad Shu > of > OTT > i wy = a4 9’ oor j a i” my Fi ’ 4 Toe ee "Si oma soa fe ‘c Ah ' . wos a :o ” » pine Jory ai i rat Ai fet Cigen ~ j mar hy, | | deni ye wt OU Rey 8 ete yen addin, ES “y AD a Amaapapedy Pe . Th Seng ene aw bas a : rity? “Ae 1 aff ‘> day Yeh nit, aN id) 57 it i wit / ‘ y@ ’ a>iR | i ’ i a o. y Kr) ’ ‘Sat By si ] rei Be b be e104, Tn Fh, Aisa | Vo ae Hidiittl, hinge was cu dh Renu ; ot) iM we stnky axlt cpotianites/ zo Wil Die & ihe hah bie, deve ly ou Nana aoe aly bo sacl ~ >+47 “wu hue i aL ae cetyl ‘ent | Te iM TR ln ho rorad Stew bas de bein ies a duel Hien Uitere tT 4 siiteto ig sal dhe Oey ae i ks Ji wh Wo sbloshinns V9 6O ti ged wh Vac? Ws Te. rrealbiztee Sick 57) Weegee Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior The portion of the granite walls that surround the first story windows is rusticated. Each granite block has a projecting panel, with recessed sides to create the rustication. The rusticated portion of the walls is separated from the arcade by a granite beltcourse. The lower band of the beltcourse contains a Greek key. The band above the Greek key is uncarved. Above the center entrance on the Dartmouth Street side this band bears the inscription, “Free to All,” in raised carved granite letters (fig. E-39). The upper band of the cornice is molded and forms the bottom sill of the arched window openings. The granite block surrounding the arcade is laid flush and has a narrow mortar joint. The stone ornament on the east and north elevations occurs primarily at the arcade level. Noted exceptions are the arched stone entrances on Dartmouth and Boviston Streets. On Dartmouth Street, the tops of the arched openings (above the springposts) are framed with tripartite granite casings. The outer edge of the casing is framed with an egg-and- dart molding and the two inner panels of the casing are separated by a bead-and-reel and foliate molding. The keystone of the center arch is formed with a carved helmeted head of the Roman Minerva, the work of Augustus St. Gaudens and Domingo Mora (figs. E-38, E-39). The keystones of the side arches are constructed with ornately carved scrolls. The soffits of the arches have a double row of coffers, with carved rosettes at their center. The arched openings of the Boylston Street entrance and carriage-way have the same carved stone casing as the Dartmouth Street entrance. The keystones of the Dartmouth Street arches, however, are smaller and have only a simple carved diamond pattern. The soffits of these arches have a double row of coffers, with carved rosettes at their center (fig. E-40). At the arcade level, there is a profusion of subtle granite ornamentation that proclaims che mission of the library, pays tribute to the scholars of history, and commemorat-s the trademarks of the early printers and booksellers. There are also three commemorative seals above the arches of the Dartmouth Street entrance (fig. E-38) The three seals are located in the lower portion of the arched openings that form the second story arcade. They are sculpted of pink Knoxville, Tennessee marble and commemorate the Library, the City of Boston, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The seal of the Library was designed by Kenyon Cox and executed by Augustus St. Gaudens. The seal consists of two nude boys, holding torches and supporting a shield containing an open book. It also contains the dates, in Roman numerals, of the founding of the Library and the incorporation of the Board of Trustees—1852-1878. Above the shield is the motto “Omnium Lux Civium” — “The Light of All the People.” To the left of the Seal of the Library is the Seal of Massachusetts, which contains the figure of an Indian. The seal is flanked by a pair of dolphins. Above the seal is the motto “Euse Petit Placidam sub Libertate Quietem” — “By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 68 _ 7 Aa) fetes © epralende Cigar (races t en? mouioligs <8 sesis ob le tink wat ee wake THe, @ A cline wee + rol ean) vis veils Soeidy cee sale erred Jigen! i» ore Milivrtinihe oa) *?.4 aR ats aay ten Nise a. ae ' ¥ ew . } i af ' " : Asad sain AMerne! is 4 py Sunes sR We? Te gabe vl ne) oo ea ele al pond d ty kia el ont. oa aati Onis a, eeet P49 hie Pt od Rvaloaney rarities sett haw 5 hl nnitd cate 66 tcnioy o> Iti ie aoe wi qeathitony , ea . venga te shart eke aaa ve | eies ; Cnag we heow ou 90 %G'e wh tT ‘i Th he gh aot sitar aeta . meh oar. oon ipa ris tras Ly Joga eipoupiet! tte oe) . , vt, he, ve Vem ee, ” ’ ‘4 » Sow deneey Shalevedls » wegal ‘ acts: ssi (mde agices 0% Ml eBnaaiiarwey of wl ogiet, d ' L | ‘ie ulhe sardine ent “ Brie ' Ove ! r. *us ‘3th big ae Bais i ar " a } L raat’ aibeoné ‘tte " Hi i rat ‘hh sere PAN it ke 4 ne ae 3 siti & YH lis 4a hi 443 way ink? "es § ohlod ell dO; flee or tae 20 ed, Re ee i Se ee eee ty Sh adel ac ont “gdeg ®t wis ER i Nh?! ot ‘ Ww ys! at ail wis ew as sjert Gaal” fechas ‘7 al Some ath sqedy | sipew (1S Wide d Ot ern ' =a ) : be : ‘ mi Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior liberty.” To the night of the Seal of the Library is the Seal of the City, containing view of Boston from the harbor, with the State House at its center. Above the seal is the motto “Sicut Patribus Sit Deus Nobis” — “May God be with our leaders.” Both the Seal of the City and the Seal of Massachusetts were carved by Augustus St. Gaudens. The lower portion of the other arched openings of the arcade are filled with stone tablets inscribed with the names of the great wniters, scientsts and artists of history, as well as American statesmen. A full list of the names is included in Appendix 11.8 of this report on page 8 of Herbert Small’s Handbook for the Boston Public Library, 1895. There are two interesting points about the inscriptions—the first is that McKim Mead and White tried to include their names in the list by creating them in an acrostic: Moses Mozart Wren Cicero Euclid Herrick Kalidasa Aeschylus Irving Isocrates Dante Titian Milton Erasmus The Boston Evening Record vehemently objected to the architects including their names on the building. Walter Muir Whitehill stated that “The Trustees took the matter as a harmless joke that it was, but the Record magnified it out of all proportion,” stating ‘The Public Library will have that architect’s adv. wiped off, or The Record will find out why.’”™ Unfortunately, the Trustees eventually gave in to the pressure and had the acrostic removed. Today, it only seems fitting that McKim should have signed one of his greatest buildings. The other point of interest in the inscriptions is that four names, Rabelais, Aristophanes, Whitney and Maury, are accidentally repeated. The springposts of the arches are formed by tripartite projecting moldings. The bottom molding is framed by a bead and contains carved foliate motifs. Above this molding is an egg-and-dart band, with a simple fascia and projecting fillet. This series of moldings also trims the corner of the building. The underside of the arches on the Dartmouth Street elevation have carved coffers with rosettes; on the Boylston and Blagden Street elevations, the arched openings are shallower and uncarved. In the spandrels of the window arches are carved medallions commemorating the early booksellers and printers. The medallions, carved by the sculptor Domingo Mora, represent the trademarks of sixteenth century booksellers and printers. Mora obtained BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 69 ‘ewes eaur widew o's Bae Sa UR ee Se sl) i (aee ai, & i) U j s7yt Sais = +, o Se Awe La TPL ial neice 2d! i — fecigea.cieie £ een pa : rs " i.) i - Ps . i 7 _ > s oh. @ ; ars 2 ae van ie ia i " ¥4p ns poh Pa Pare tas tae a! 2 0) > gall tea ahing aly 4a Lay” ys y Seal ay ah j - 7 .

ars mur vif we Nee S Coe TAR Covi ve atari al. seine) chee if ery ry... i : if ? » 1 4 4 e y J iv ¥ . H ¢ pt 4 y j / Fi eae ‘4 a « * y | ? ie ate ob hii il: Migs fy el a aidicaauil see 1 Brgpensdhs : i i tae my re eage on Dip fees-odhaenabh itis cic " bell fe shes i tell & Brpat yepenyad oats rik mel oy ‘ kia “ ka certay to bheeobvg) vib j | — code ee 4 . a patra tice byidlsieagea ety sh idiot ol te tam Oe VO OMY oes alia ae wrt Ul aly ae Ong! 0 sali Wetavehe) aeverth inky ri ai Tie Vaiere Sgt Re pen sete '¢ id tS) “vi ig ! a] ' v a” ool ¥ i mis, #8 wfls ie a é sii Dias aed tibet ie Bie ollie j Le , Hed gale segs) sin, Gadene Hi) ses Oy aN i witnae ' Aster leak eto, PR Pe a es Cad vow wh nestor NTR! + te a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior as built. One photograph of the north corner of this wall shows its brick wall, granite trim and bronze and terra cotta cheneau (fig. E-42). In 1916, three townhouses along Blagden Street were demolished, and an addition was built onto the south end of the west elevation in 1918. In 1968, the 1918 addition was demolished to make room for the Johnson Building, erected in 1972. The Johnson Building completely covers the west wall of the McKim Building, obliterating any surviving evidence of the original west wall of the McKim building (figs E-54 to E-57). 7.2.2.3 Windows The McKim Building has a variety of windows. On the north (Boylston Street) and east (Dartmouth Street) elevations, there are three types of windows. On the first floor, there are the single pane, rectangular pivoting wood sash windows. The arcade windows of the second and third floors are large arched windows with wooden grilles that divide the square sections of the sash into eight triangular panes of glass. Herbert Small describes these windows as follows: “All are filled with wooden grilles of the conventional Roman pattern, painted green—a substitute for the originally intended bronze.”” The lower center section of this window sash is operable. It is hinged to open into the building. The remaining sash is fixed. Single-sash small windows are located under the large arched windows, and framed by the inscribed stone tablets, are single sash small windows. They are rectangular in shape and hinged on the side. The specifications for the library windows state: CARPENTER WORK. 122. All glass must be of the best quality and free from defects. Each glass must be of the full size for the opening in the sash or frame, and all must be properly bedded, stopped, sprigged, back puttied, and left whole and clean on completion of work. GLAZING. 123. Glaze all exterior windows, including those of court (but excepting cellar windows), with best French plate glass. Glaze all cellar windows with double thick German cylinder glass. All the large windows, above Bates Hall floor level on the three principal facades are to have two thickness of glass with air space between. 124. The frames and sashes of all the windows are to be of soft, clear, dry, white pine, painted in two coats of colors directed, and made, hinged and hung according to general and detailed drawings.” The arcade windows (the thirty windows that form the arcade along Boylston, Dartmouth: and Blagden Streets) are not all full windows. Only fifteen of the arched openings contain windows—the thirteen on Dartmouth Street and the first two on Blagden Street BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 71 GA aiiniiiy Ah iaec J yoni Jive ¢ ry saltliidia £i1et baa! it SPRL ‘ od meee ne ot] ote doo ie a iad wr, SiMe ob ilidgn parsed irs Ot Sie — «a A +e J mje) writ Apud Li a “y a uf he ales aca . E Tet eee Pep ats Age 1 ih Ba *] oe, " ih Mir 8.4) ri ‘ ; “ Lo here) See th s alee ae i Me Die ptt Se, ou p! is Te whe @ t Sar new G a ee ib rete “ + ip ie pay 4a; at * ‘ iD) ail se ripley: st desir! eve * i on sbveaea a Me wk as ted ote ay saci Merch ita toe ghs TARE “hs Greta) 1 “aa ef) af ee eee te mee ' ri of Py Awe - i iA eae 4 4 Pou + Me os "= Ge" 1 Oe ‘ Ly edi sla vit ve) ice, peas gv! rr 4 rt) oft ’ - ’ : ‘ ui ‘eo 7 h) vemenGtt spt orale arse sah Sagly a vty peli Ppst iter yes drivel tog, git penhag lk flay, on ce, et Pointe tou Oh AIS has sean aay Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior at the Dartmouth Street end. The other arched openings are filled with Levanto marble, behind their wood gnilles, to form smaller window openings. While this window treatment enables the large opening to be reduced to smaller windows, it does have a significant aesthetic impact on the window openings. C. Howard Walker writing at the time of the opening of the Library in 1895, stated: The dark spaces thus obtained (the arched openings filled with Levanto marble) are covered with dark grilles, similar to those in the reading-room windows. The effect of large openings at the ends is thus gained, but the method seems unsatisfactory as evading the problem rather than solving it. Consideration was also given to altering this window infill during the construction of the Library. In the October 18, 1892, specifications for the building, the Levanto marble was to be removed and the openings filled in with Milford granite. 88. Take down the Levanto marble slabs on Blagden and Boylston Sts. facades, cut out the brick backing and replace the marble with Milford granite, finished like the rest of the building. Granite slabs to be 6 inches thick, jointed as shown and directed and to be backed with 4 inches of brick or porous terra cotta. A hand written revision at the end of the specification stated: 90. The contractor agrees that if the Trustees decide to omit the work described in clause 88 he will allow and deduct the sum of forty-one hundred dollars.” As this statement suggests, it is likely this work was not undertaken because of cost considerations. The Blagden Street fenestration has some similarities to the Dartmouth and Boylston Street elevations, primarily in the arcade at the east end ot the building. The first story windows below the arcade, however, are different on Blagden Street. Instead of a single rectangular window centered on each arch, there are two pairs of windows under each arched opening. The two pairs of windows reflects the interior two story plan, including the Ground Floor and Entresol A, along this side of the building. On the west side of the Blagden Street entrance, there are wood frame pivot windows at each of the six stack levels. Nothing is known about the original fenestration of the west elevation of the McKim Building, other than the windows shown on the one drawing. It seems likely that they were the same pivot windows that were used for the stacks on the south (Blagden Street) elevation of the building. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 72 whe fuoees | Are Un wie tqein sae 4 Syhare lane? pmatie weir GC 4rsoKn # fy i PMT SS ae @ Tras up! p, = , + ty ° ; LF ee a a » py ; a 4 y ‘ bs | 94.7 ue! ' i masta k vile yelitery j Laid ] n ba ' 9 4 ' “4 ? id ’ | ¢ bn ott tia Bare acy er sein i Lace on 40 ag ata y 8 gor wed n atone iets ; i Wah. 08 “s i ' f \ : ag BOHR fir dud se bi: Peete * ippeitgy e ial Abou 1 eye Seip hx Watzy ; ’ wf 7 woe ot & Privy Mis . al Ce f i } Pn) aed Tm) vit ape ods om ‘dave: rabpell |) if mi we'etnegn 4 # qt r Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior 7.2.2.4 Doors The main entrance to the McKim Building is from Boylston Street. It is a triple arched entry. The entrances are filled with elaborate wrought iron gates. On each side of the arched opening, there are elaborate five-light lamps—“wrought iron work hand forged and hammered” (figs. E-43, E-44).* The entry vestibule—floors, walls and ceiling—are finished with pink Knoxville marble; the floor is inlaid with patterns of brown Knoxville and Levanto marble. The three doors leading from the vestibule into the Entrance Hall are framed with carved stone in foliate patterns. The door frames are arches, to fill the curve of the vaulted ceiling. The arches are filled with circular openings that frame a pedestal (fig. I-4). The entry doors are pairs of bronze doors, designed by Daniel Chester French (figs. I-1 to I-3). The bronze doors were not completed at the time of the opening of the library so temporary wood doors were installed from 1895 unul 1904. An advertisement by Copley Prints for reproductions of the doors (copyright 1905) descnbed them in detail: The three double doors of bronze at the entrance to the Library are by Daniel C. French. Over each figure, on a classic tablet wreathed with garlands of flower and leaf, stands the idea which the allegorical figure represents. An appropriate legend is cut beneath each figure. Beginning at the left, the first pair of doors represents Music and Poetry. Music has a lyre at her left side, and holds the plectron high in here right hand, as if in ecstasy of meditation before touching the strings. The legend beneath is, “Such sweet compulsion does in Music lie to lull the daughters of necessity and keep unsteady nature to her law.” Poetry, also in evident meditation, holds an antique double lamp in her right hand. her left hand being raised, as if towards the stars. The legend beneath is, “True Poetry is like the loadstone, which both attracts the needle and supplies it with magnetic power.” Knowledge and Wisdom are represented in the middle pair of doors. Knowledge holds a ponderous volume on his left shoulder and in his right hand a globe. The legend beneath is, “By knowledge shall the chambers be filled with all precious and pleasant riches.” Wisdom holds in her right hand the staff of Hermes and in her left hand a covered goblet. The robe of Wisdom has beautifully arranged embroidery in scroll-work with anthemions and with the significant first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. The legend beneath is, “There is in Wisdom a spirit subtil, clear in utterance, loving what is good, pure, stedfast.” Truth and Romance are the inspiration of the doors to the right. Truth holds in her right the traditional mirror, and in her left a globe. The legend beneath is, “Truth is the strength and the kingdom and the power and the majesty of all ages.” Romance holds the dramatic mask, and in her left hand a sword and crown. The legend beneath is, “A Romance to redo and drive the night away, for me thought it better play than either at chesse or tables.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 73 by aa! eA ah ee inal oe minis + ¢ : : la “hae, a dersis i ws Sauer « myer o Zo “ae ‘ 7 + a j 9 i 7b Of? iy a | ‘ } 110¢ (¢€ ’ 1 */ f I oni AY Guy, (ae : 7 : vi (wy ‘: . saeliliet! ‘ t hwy fis entail eaaka sian bed: Hot cara asl} i iol Fe a rhe 100 ae r a c pd," hu ee ee veils tales es ia F gut - tet L patel a ath ‘ ‘ ): eed dA ar mtn 1: ae be an lly ey ilits tole nia ; ell er 1 anak th aaa 9 olbanted ae win vA , re we te Vyoth Re Psy i ; f is a ' ” ft OPE onary : e ioe poly Ta a? ee ap ) Fi ing 7. ul ( net + PAG 90.41 Me ote cabal) eG ax lire ie vn FING) .v Pe ee a ee er hg Aye, FR pia. Asal egies "ba wilh a ee gene GA ad sheet” @ dager Bg tl hee mah Dorin th Glia” 4s ee! ue SHei® ve Fe ia oO 5 rr a _ servi beates Ee ‘ s i, a ey f 2 ‘ ~_ iF 7 ; - ie - Dali ide] Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior The Boylston Street entrance, originally designed as a porte cochere, was one of the most short-lived parts of McKim’s original design. In 1898, only three years after the library opened, this entrance was closed in to enlarge the Periodical Room. Fortunately, there are several good photographs of the Boylston Street porte cochere, as well as Mckim’s drawings for the wrought iron gates and lamps (figs. E40, E45 and E46). Herbert Small also described the Boylston Street entrance in detail in his 1895 Library Handbook: The entrance from Boylston Street is especially beautiful and through it one may obtain a charming glimpse into the Interior Court. It is composed of three arches, designed and ornamented like those of the main entrance, but much less elaborately (the sunken panels of the soffits, for example, being without rosettes) and like them is closed with wrought-iron gates, above which depend handsome wrought-iron lanterns. This entrance is intended chiefly as a porte cochere, although to the right there is a door admitting to the bindery and printing-office, as well as to the Newspaper Reading Room and the Patent Room upstairs, and through the Patent Room, indeed, to the main portion of the building. The arches to the left carry the driveway into a small paved yard, with high granite walls and a handsome plaster ceiling, extending through to the court proper, from which it is separated by two arches closed with frames of glass. The driveway is guarded at the corners of the platform by two large pedestals, richly ornamented with carving, and surmounted by globes sculptured with eagles.’ McKim’s specifications for the Boylston Street door (presumably the door into the bindery and prinung office) were as follows: “Street doors on Boylston Street entrance to be of English oak, with mouldings, as described for Bates Hall door.” The Bates Hall Door is described as “English Oak, 3" thick, paneled, constructed over pine core, as described above, with raised and moulded panels, having three carved members to each moulding.”’” The existing door at Boylston Street fits this description. The Blagden Street entrance is a single, recessed, rectangular opening. The opening is framed with a simple granite casing and a slightly projecting granite hood. There are single light, wrought iron lamps on both sides of the entrance (figs. E-30 and E47). There are no historic photographs that show the orginal Blagden Street entry doors. The existing doors are double doors, with a transom light above. Each door has three panels and the uppermost panel is glazed. It is possible that these are the original Blagden Street doors. 7.2.2.5 Roof In the November 1894 Peterson Magazine, Elmer Garnsey described the new Library and stated the following about the roof, “The roof is simply a roof; it is covered with a quiet colored tile and enriched at the top by 2 copper cresting, which softens the sky-line without breaking it.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 74 ian oh) We 960 aa orieaee ee & Be oe eT? ‘i yt i Leer & ry iy 8) y ‘ica POAT wei J . , ed oT? Fvil hs ee | ne Sew IAA me! i 4 ‘se 2 “. i i] phy Pre y ‘+ La a § 7 evita] OR 2s) gee [ery Tr] “a Te Co. of tie | + HAS wh 4 Dea iy wary ; ‘ reeey prone cow % ng Valli indiomeaplaleibe ads 4 ie one a any a0 eh Aig alt aE ils bap id wy nue ‘¢ eb espe aT gree tat hae ’ iz serena nhs yantartanee a Hite § Nye es : we ue Th 2" ated a ihe Mba) 1 ey mise yay ~ a a | i = Re ? arnsee lei deed sia + |) See. + ee Nt gers ue one wa Be nck ca Cg ih CG —e A PiptiiY shin oa ij Rig ag F a a an bet been a “ne nig } 4 ch 4 ‘ $ Tue “ my Thivedt raja tof } ree wr or. e ‘ "ile y , } i ot Laven." aul oe rs PF | J Sy; 7 is OAs oa ayes « 7-~/ 2 davtien d » soll 4, (Tele ji ite, sige Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior Considering the attention to detail found in the specifications for the roof and the problems that have plagued the roof since its construction, this is a particularly understated description. The main roof of the McKim building consists of two distinct parts, the sloping sides of the roof and the flat deck at its top (fig. D6). The specification described the construction of the roof as follows: 21. The entire roof the Building proper (except flat deck on top) is to be covered with hard-burned, glazed clay tiles, of Roman pattern, of same form and size, and fully equal, in hardness and other qualities. .. The tiles and the glaze are to be of the color and texture which the Trustees select. The tiles are to be 15.5 inches long, 13 inches wide, and 3/8 of an inch thick, and are to have two countersunk holes at upper end, and two grooved lugs cast on at upper end or under side. Each hook must rise from a tapered shoulder, so that bearing of tiles will be on shoulders onlv. The above tiles are to be put directly upon angle irons, without any sheathing or fireproof material beneath. The angle irons are to run horizontally, and the tiles are to be hooked to them, the groove in the lug receiving one-half inch of the flange of the angle iron. Each tile must in addition be fastened on by No. 9 copper wire, run through countersunk holes, passed round the angle iron, and secured by neatly twisting the ends together... 22. The flat deck is to have a slight pitch both ways formed in the iron construction, and this construction will consist of tee irons 2” x 2" x 5/16", twelve inches apart, and running horizontally. The contractor is to lay down on flanges, between webs of tee irons, wire netting, 1.5" mesh, No. 13 wire, and then to cover netting with canvas. Upon the canvas there shall be spread a body of elastic water proof Portland cement concrete, the upper surface of which shall be not more than one-fourth of an inch below top of web of tee irons... The entire flat deck shall be covered with hard-burned glazed clay tiles, fully equal in quality to tiles for slopes of roof. These tiles are to be flat, about twelve inches long, six inches wide and one inch t!.ick. They shall have double grooves top and bottom, grooves at the side, channels on both sides following pitch of roof, and shall be in form like model to be seen at the office of the Architects. These tiles shall be laid in a full body of Portland cement upon the concrete described above, and the joints raked out and pointed with elastic putty warranted not to run under the heat of the sun. Color and texture as selected by Trustees.” Herbert Small described the color of the roof tile as “purple—showing dark brown in the full sunlight.”"” The main roof of the library has a copper gutter built into the cheneau. The cheneau has an elaborate pattern of dolphin and shell motifs (fig. E42). McKim’s specifications for the cheneau on the main building call for it to be bronze; however, all of the early descriptions of the building refer to it as copper, and it appears that the existing copper cheneau is orginal to the building. It is interesting to note in the 1950 photograph of the library, that even with all the roof tile removed the cheneau on the main roof remains in BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 75 .7 ! =. " 7 an ual ¥ a) ein via . ; Aly ae j ) 7 = 7% LA 9 [ ‘ - Ve 7 | bite Lion off Jot eho wikia 3 Ravel — : eS we P uy i bw aya & ' ‘ qa 4 rary ad @ » ; pene } 3>¢ ple ‘ ¢ fii t v7 é‘ ie rr t 4a t! i ' a TT; 4 eu ‘ ti % iia :4 “? 6 31 Ye ce a sve diwa aa swe ty ots a | ily eae af i. aa oh! ‘ana wr ae Abs re hie OW mtb 1 on 4 “ ven as et why a - x ih ' deo be Beha, geresr Thu hy, +0 Ciguah Gaadrae | i. 2 atone Pa ey nw Re fein oul : j i he , 4 srry’ ' * yee uy ~ san A pas wae we fa . ths fist. dobre + oat OOdn primers Auer é r) ° ‘ i “1 ¢ ot ot ee 4.0/8 se 06 la yd a1 inagi : io CFL: sigss 1a WD i cad , Asie my ea) " sPtale 4 “ape Bh pecregh ye 5) Ky de> opt ‘dl oi kenein tt ete, * sy Tn pecans Oe Te gD Ree of emgage Me MRI weit dds OR Meru ziiwM es Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior place (fig. E34). The gutters from the main roof run into conductor pipes that run inside the building. The McKim specifications for the gutters read as follows: 28. Furnish and build in gutter of pure 18-ounce copper on whole of main, and court cornices. On cornices for sloping bed for gutter of plaster of Paris mixed with sawdust, making it perfectly smooth on top, and covering it with two coats of shellac. Form slope to turn water to conductors in bottom of copper gutter. The gutter is to run up on the roof to second course of tiles, and to be turned securely over angle iron. On the other side, it is to be built into cheneau,— into terra-cotta cheneau of court and rear by means of a slot, and into bronze cheneau of main cornice by means of a strip of iron put on with screws, joint to be well filled with elastic putty. Copper of gutter to be in widths of not over three feet, and seams to be made with 1-4" copper rivets not over 3” apart, and then soldered, or other method may be directed by Trustees. Every three feet around whole of cornices fasten cheneau to iron construction by means of a heavy copper wire, not less than 3-16" diameter, run through slot in eave tile. Build in cast brass strainer to all outlets of gutters. Connect outlets with conductor pipes inside building with all necessary stays, bends, leaded joints, etc. with heavy cast brass 6" pipe, run about seven feet through cornice, and continue it by heavy 6" galvanized wrought iron pipe to conductors, staying it securely to wall, giving it as much pitch as possible, and connection to conductor with joint caulked with oakum and run with lead. Connect to brass pipe by flanges, with screw threads, bolts and nuts.” The cheneau on the west elevation of the building was terra cotta. (All evidence of this cheneau was obliterated when the Johnson Building was built.) In the specification for the building it was described as follows: 67. Terra cotta cheneau is to be furnished and set on west front of building, to be modelled exactly like bronze cheneau on the rest of the building ... copper gutter to be formed, locked, and back soldered and to be turned into raggle of cheneau ... All joints in terra cotta to be carefully pointed, and no misshaped pieces to be used. Color and texture is to match the terra cotta cornice on the building.” The ndge of the tile roof on the main building was trimmed with a copper cresting that repeated the shell motifs of the cheneau. Copper finials timmed the corners of the roof. The ridge of the roof was also trimmed with green roof tiles. On the street sides of the roof, there were six courses of green tile and on the courtyard side of the roof there was one course of green tile. The original library roof also had six skylights and two scuttles in the flat roof (over Sargent Hall) There were also five chimneys located in this roof and a large ventilator. There was an additional chimney in the south portion of the roof that served the fireplace BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 76 ari teri fn |< ual v wbeti ian wed) fell ws oO enw fmt deity oo ah oF ' mA Te) hie waver pillow Gaay: ~ re ‘t ‘ ~ cord ie fog a4 Sa.) & Vesta? 14 Pi i an HOP. AS Ce I Sa Oo! ’ ; : » whys ls WGcag?) * “Maiites a Oy 9 TG? ALP AMAR :itfe overnay Vv a) aca fi ke aT. i Frniarsin Po \ aa se Rid 2 WW) PATe NH iq! 7“ T =| yy 374 borg porrls 7 s ris Ls. (ie it ' cil ‘ey ua ‘jams figee yo f ye ee ate ee pera ae ibpeond anda yarns ted rary re Tee ae eit fey 2+ ay wi att "9 hag ne @eagin | TL Mi, u Het May oe Ai as wise: inv svi sate Wii et iti { 4 % / +) inh F As a CNet J ; dis tapenade nd yi I yp tag! é J é ay Oe} . TY pif =e? > Saks oo . ’ nar a: pt ai ep Ie sg ye rye eee. ite : j til ho eras »y Wh ‘yi adr ighe . wes s it "4 pe NY ra) ee! we sae jew uel Teg 2 She mieten) ead 1 eee) ts wit YO) gia 2 rer i Papin baal oda "wake a i Nome smilicer til yale bepetiny fete Lav'ts ook. ad bleed, Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior in the Trustees’ Room and there were two other skylights, located in the northwest and southwest corners of the two sloping portions of the tile roof on the interior court side. The specifications for the skylights and scuttles stated: 29. Build skylights on flat deck as shown on drawings Glass to be 1-2" thick, to be set on rubber in a sash formed of angle and tee irons. Under skylights furnish and build copper gutters so as to take and HOLD water condensed on under side of glass. Securely fasten heavy iron wire netting under side of glass. Build two scuttles of copper in light iron frames in flat deck, with hinges and fastenings complete. Skylight on court slope to be built of glass tiles to match clay tiles, and laid in the latter in continuous 10 courses. The specifications for the chimneys state, “73. Chimneys from one foot below roof are to be built of Perth Amboy brick, to match as near as possible the color of the roof tiles.”'” 7.2.2.6 Interior Court McKim’s design for the Library was based upon an interior court, enclosed by the building’s public spaces and book stacks. The interior court provided a means of bringing light to the inner spaces of the building, particularly the stacks, and it created a tranquil outdoor space where patrons could escape from the noise of the Boston streets. The interior court was one of the novel features of the new Library building and it was written about extensively at the time of the Library's opening. The following are excerpts from contemporary writings that reveal the public’s reaction to the interior court. The article about the Library on its opening day, in the Boston Daily Globe, February 1, 1895, says the following about the interior court: [Boylston Street side of the building] A door opens into the courtyard about which so much has been written and about which so many have gone into ecstasies. It is fully worthy of all the hysterical appreciation that has been bestowed on it. A glance towards the right just on entering the cloister shows the Boylston St. entrance and reveals a glimpse of the New Old South Church. In the center of the courtyard is the fountain which will lend animation to the scene in summer. Standing against the further wall are the massive Italian flower pots which visitors to the World’s fair will remember as distinctive of the New York state building. It is the ultimate plan to fill these with decorative trees and set them about the courtyard. '"" BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 77 ne oe oO ih a ; ane eowelicna ‘o> qt bh eetal «eplae rae ; ae ca des 7 Ben THI, OIE uv -<) po teen ofp ot ‘So @ 2 } “son jor eeeat 7 a ~ J ride be . - ; wit ae a | »°, i mpi éP we 4a AP ie @ ae r ‘ idiah a bl iw? t) 26 t . tw hata or doh adie devas th sl bie jaa ie nie 2 an in ‘ pie hat pe erp wr wel par aii bie ‘tna dingl Gaik eeg a tae are ' i> 71 ty ommaiy coi ‘ nia. 4 Does oe as s oenite ae r 6 7 =y 7 i A _ oct agnaaanthyio adh aft seaitng Aiea SIF pee 7 7 id , ; : : fee -Y.9 Py J 46 Spar ne va ae pr ah tyynn i's sted sien ratinh 4: : } yi: nil Lim arse seal ve By et © >< Lad be ‘ 4 e i rhin ‘ ; f : a } P) ’ i! : 9 H a4 eA el ee Re }! ty iit d ae geepices Os ions re) elie) oven it) sc thew Crnls,,) Wie 4 oh SAW OMe rr tweet te a Ae » Suds. Andis sa Bake ae Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior Mrs. M. G. Van Rensselaer writes the following about the courtyard: It [the courtyard] is encircled on three sides by graceful columnar arcades of marble, above which rise walls of yellowish brick, delightfully warm and rich in tone; and with its spacious air of dignified retirement, it is admirably expressive as a feature in a place which will be frequented by the public for other than practical business purposes, vet not for purposes of trivial pleasure. Coming immediately upon it from a raw prosaic American street [Boylston Street] our surprise makes but the more impressive and seductively poetic the pure and simple beauty of its shadowy arcades. the solid nobility of its upper walls, the peacefulness of its sunny central area of turf, and its pervading atmosphere is carefully considered art and cloistered quietude. Seats will be provided beneath its arcades and, under protecting awnings, also upon their roofs, and during the long warm months of the year it will be a place without a parallel as vet on American soil—a place owned by the public of a great city, where hours or even moments of repose or study will be doubly fruitful, feeding the most ‘ . Z eho ‘“ 11 careless or unconscious eye with the food of high artistic loveliness. McKim’s design for the intenor court is derived from the arcade of the Cancelleria Palace in Rome (figs. D-7, D-8). William Jordy described this design source as follows: For the court, he [Mchim] returned to the Cancelleria, literally reproducing its arcade, although the arcade lost much of the lithe attenuation of the original in its cruder carving and what appear to be its squatter proportions. [Jordy inserts the following note: In his original scheme, McKim used the Cancelleria as his source of inspiration, but with piered (instead of columned) arches for the ground arcade, and with a double tier of arcuation applied to the wall above. The total effect recalled the Colosseum as well as the Cancelleria. Had the ingenious crossing of the two monuments of this scheme been realized, the court would have been more unified than it is.]} Actually, the arcades are exactly the same height as those on the ground story of the Cancelleria, but the space between the columns (the intercolumniation) is wider. The feeling of greater horizontality resulting from this spacing, together with the gentler rise of the arching, account for the squatter appearance. The projection of the staircase into the courtyard compromises the pristine rectangularity of the prototype.’ id Unlike the outer (street elevation) walls of the McKim building which are constructed of a single stone—Milford granite—the walls and trim of the interior court are constructed of a variety of masonry materials—marble, brick, terra cotta, bluestone and granite. The varied masonry materials, combined with the articulation of the walls by the arcade and the projection of the grand stair and its balcony, make the interior courtyard an informal and intimate space. This sense of scale and intimacy is in marked contrast to the formal and austere feeling of the street elevations of the Library (figs. E48 and E49). McKim’s original specifications for the interior court walls called for them to be granite. Granite. All exterior stone facings of walls of building, those of the open court in centre of building ... to be of Milford or other approved granite of equal quality, approved by the said trustees. Court. All ashlar under portico to be fair axed, that above portico to have dabbed face.’ BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 78 ‘8 2 " se e Sa oie gt =e, arte” > Rs Hale Hiam,4) & berngn ol 4? hy eS 4d : 7) * ae sh Rees 2; DA : Ge lsathe — ‘a utaadh ahs wh) Rib Pctei «Wary 2 hb oe. i? Ww rs an i a ee , an 7 ; a ae ae. S Wr pd ; , | 1 a ok “9 oe uP ae ae oe sdenal a eiribg oe Te Pa SEM oy poker” ive re Raa NS A eee : pes iesy n Hn NPT "ee «fe iad pad a i¢ te war" bay b i A) P - muah FF seeital my we > t 4°4f % 9 t 7 si try al e iL Th ’ ‘ ‘, , j y if rh te i 1 iW t ; A TE 7 1 { Lue } afi r ;* ’ a j +4, 49e° I , in. ds? } us a) : , wet \ 4 ORBAN) a ae Se , SaaS te yal, . s we a fore Oral esta) ‘intel 1) bo gi Nm 8 cy rats if Sains f'¥, y Mire eo} ty 3 {Ee he te rea eee ‘Tae wy Tul pfuiittime sdwn bili oR” ee “ape 2 hy oum evar ot ound) PaminAaes : iz ¥ : ' “a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior By 1889, the specifications for the interior court walls had been changed. The walls under the portico were to be constructed with granite and the walls above the portico with Perth Amboy brick. 47. In the court, the whole arcade including its cornice, floor, and base course, the main cornice. keystones of arched windows, caps, sills, string courses, floors and brackets of balconies, panels under balconies, balustrade around balcony on east side, paving of arcade, and everything not otherwise shown shall be of Milford pink granite.’ 70. The facing of all court walls, except string courses, key-stones, caps, sills, panels, balconies, and all other parts indicated of other material on drawings, to be of Perth Amboy brick, 1 1/2" x 4" x 12” light buff in color, not speckled, and to conform to the sample approved by the Trustees. To be laid with one-half (1/2") inch horizontal joint, vertical joints to be as close as possible.'"” [Note: The rear wall of the Mchim building was also Perth Amboy brick, but it was a larger brick and spotted. ] The construction materials for the arcade were changed one additional time. Instead of being constructed with Milford granite, Tuckahoe, New York marble was used for the columns and Georgia marble for the cornice and paving. The floor of the arcade was constructed with red brick and framed with white marble. The brick is laid in a herring bone pattern. Some of the construction drawings for the paving show the herring bone pattern broken up by patterns of brick laid in squares and rectangles, however, these patterns were never executed. The columns of the arcade are simple Doric columns. Their shafts have no fluting. The columns support arched marble openings. Between the spandrels are carved marble rosettes. The parapet of the arcade is constructed with marble panels, with projecting marble piers. The parapet is separated from the arcade by a simple projecting cornice. The arcade has a vaulted, plastered ceiling. Originally, it had an electrical conduit that ran down the center of the ceiling, with single light bulbs for illumination (fig. E-50). The windows in the granite wall under the arcade are wood double hung windows covered with iron grilles. The early McKim drawings for the arcade roof show it as a pitched roof, covered with tile (fig. D-9). In the 1890 roofing specification, the arcade roof was described as follows: 23. The whole of the arcade roof shall be covered with hard-burned, glazed clay tiles, fully equal to . - p site . 116 tiles already mentioned, and in shape similar to sample to be seen at the office of the Architects. During construction, the design of the arcade roof was changed to create a balcony around the three sides of the courtyard. Access to the balcony was provided by two doors BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 79 7 M sa : i} lire aft beryl aved-bed Gow ling 7 » vedas ve) ae aay ee 4 ws oe , wT Vey + v% ‘ : bie ny ‘A ee at a yee or @ a ae yeas 4s ’ a) s hel hives lsde ™ 4 i 5 +A ) i] | U ih! . j ry Wes rw? ; Peasage bean arate ie ine igen heat ; are : Mri a) we led bie tnd 7 ohh intiuetiganity lat shes Wh ith! | 0 eRe ek whys Aw, pei Dated i 4 tO iia ned pikexarl- od ah ig oe ee Suriname a * “7 . pt : »{ ; ry ris 4 a) 5 ! ' ) £ 1f ' “ae ati ut) vid , 7 i I wk) aya ih ig ey uot ew ety ed repr’ | j a » &s les dee lex 7 waif hal : pm) eo 7 Ne Ly) il Sst PTT ne "ite Withee ay one A, amied i Wala veioiat. V9 3 8 spd ote eigenen ibe terug ay ert aed gion oo | Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior in the east wall of the Bates Hall level of the building. None of the surviving specifications for the building document this construction change. The November Peterson Magazine article describing the Library stated the following about the arcade: The flat paved balcony above the colonnade offers another pleasant promenade and enticing : - ° . M7 reading place, the charm of which must be experienced to be appreciated. The original covering for the arcade balcony roof is unknown, although apparently it was not very watertight. In 1897, only two years after the McKim Building opened to the public, the “roof of the arcade was re-laid with a coating of slate to remedy leaks.”'” Above the arcade, the walls of the court are constructed with yellow brick laid with a dark gray mortar. It is important to note that the use of the gray mortar was intentional and does not represent modern repointing done with a gray Portland cement. Herbert Small stated the following about the walls: “Above the arcade the walls of the court are built of unusually long yellow-gray Pompeiian bricks, with granite trimmings, the two materials being brought into a better harmony by layering the bricks in extra heavy courses of gray wlld mortar. The fenestration of the brick walls consists of two window types—the small single-paned, side hinged windows in the stacks and other secondary spaces of the Bates Hall level and the large multi-paned arcade windows which line the passages of the Special Library Floor. The smaller windows have casings that are constructed with terra cotta and vellow brick. The terra cotta is used for the keystones, top corners and base of the casing. The windowsills are bluestone. The October 1892 specifications for the building stated: Windows in the court over arcade roof, not provided in former contract, are to be furnished and set. They are to be pivoted windows with Newman's patent pivot, glazed with corrugated glass. Details to be the same as the rest of the court windows.” The windows described do not match the existing side hinged windows that have clear glass. It is, therefore, assumed that these windows were never installed. The secondary rooms of the Bates Hall level are demarcated from the Special Libraries floor by a granite beltcourse. The beltcourse has a carved Greek key pattern. The beltcourse provides the base for the brick piers that form the Special Libraries floor arcade and functions as the sill for the Special Libraries windows. The Special Libraries windows are large arched wood sash. At the center of the windows is a pair of operable double hung sash. The other lights of the window are fixed, with the exception of the windows in the south elevation in the Print Department. These windows serve two floors of the library and have both the operable double hung center sash, as well as an operable semicircular upper sash. On three of the windows in the west elevation, there is a door in BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 80 : ae is : oS - - * a ot wr a /. —_ ’ b 7 : r - eater poicaw wh boot ttt wai nt i iad | Laos 59 ve is ‘W yf “ahi a aed abil Nn tiple oe. - : rer eb me ieee ‘ a a {? inwle Aw ‘ 3 | a: a at 7 A 7 4 = PVs Oe ie eee “Hehe i9 2 “yl q . fe er ‘ wet ee i ‘% ed ’ . oh ’ @. eh a waits " eiay . ha | é 6 iy i) - ‘ ! ' a AM Ln aa rat - . ; » is ed Mw oe orf to Pear etey oy : na ee + UES Me aa "he Be mbar : big . my vast) al oh rst cri Soa nat seit a , 1 t§ di y / hes i aye “ih. - | | . if oa’ +4) wir, Of ce EE ie] goer 4ag dee WBMEG wed Oigtes Pyo@ ewe au Hi Te Tees ae o RL Ws $i. Veal am a PU tee OT ce oii Ohhactig) it ee ee eon oe Hite or anaeleeryaten orlyvinine Toe re wince ‘apie Gay sePre npc bary Awyih ‘Longs alt i ee ‘ayaa grind ipleg is sls SREY cr mers our a wan 7. (tA a v4 *- > a te > 7 ql ¥ 7 at 6 ie a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior the center of the sash that provides access to wrought iron balconies (fig. E-51). Under the center balcony is a clock with a circular face and a terra cotta frame. The spandrels above the brick piers of the arcade contain terra cotta wreaths. The arched openings are constructed with brick and have granite keystone. The cornice is granite. It is constructed with a slight overhang and ornamented with granite brackets that are heavy in scale and closely placed. The roofline is trimmed with a molded copper cheneau. The construction changes made to the arcade and its roof reveal McKim’s evolving design for this space. The June 1889 specifications for the Library stated that the arcade (when it had a pitched roof, rather than a balcony) and the courtyard were to have a terra cotta cheneau. 98. Furnish and set the terra cotta cheneau in the main cornice [west elevation] and the court and arcade cornices ... The cheneau to be of approved color and carefully worked out from full size drawings; the sections are to be securely bonded together with joints in Portland cement mortar, and securely fastened to stone cornice by copper dowels and anchors, and secured to guard of wrought iron run on inner side of cheneau; the whole to be tied to the roof with copper bands as shown and directed. The cheneau of the arcade is to have a gargoyle made according to detail over every pin and the gutter of the arcade cornice is to be formed in terra cotta. : The east wall of the interior court is unlike the other three. It has no arcade, although the arcade joins its north and south ends. At the center of the east wall is the projecting wall of the grand stair. The stair walls create two rather blind alcoves at the junctions of the arcade and the east wall. The east wall is sheathed with granite up to the height of the top of the arcade balcony. Above the height of the arcade balcony, the east wall is sheathed with brick. At the height of the grand stair landing, there is a granite balcony. The balcony is supported by carved granite brackets and its underside has coffered panels with carved granite rosettes in their center (fig. E-21). It is surrounded by a granite balustrade. From inside the building, the balcony is reached through a pair of ornately carved oak doors from the grand stair landing. On either side of these doors is a single-paned, pivoting sash window. Underneath the balcony was the original exterior entrance to the Library’s cellar. The original cellar was a utilitarian space that housed the heating, lighting, and ventilating equipment for the building. Herbert Small described how the court played a role in ventilating the building: The air for ventilation is drawn from the interior Court by means of an eighteen-foot fan, capable of moving forty thousand cubic feet of air a minute, and after being strained through cotton use to free it from dust and germs, it is diffused through ducts to the different parts of the building... BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 81 00 ok ined mad edguiun “2s .1 Gin crew é hee-e ft amir mec AT send satan te 7a 8 ‘oy wa aie my a Oise hee ae : FP (CO oh 6 De Sens % » | ’ ur = 4 Mia sea 6 y3 =e o; (te) @ a @ » q ; ve at! ie 7 e ] - a ’ x > 4 ¢ 4 wu Ay) ¢ f) 7 4 4a ( h ‘ Abi pe. be a« VAR vi i — al 2 ee 4 . ' et 3 Sep er» «1x7 Ms 57 iat fam Se Ft 0 ‘ooo mH ai aT) ae Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior Above the balcony are two stories, with five-arch arcades. The arcades are constructed with engaged brick columns rather than the brick pilasters found on the other walls of the courtyard. The center three arches contain windows; the side arches are blind. The second story windows, which fill the three center arches in the west wall of the Grand Staircase Hall, contain a large rectangular pane of plate glass set in a fixed wooden sash. Above the rectangular sash is a single light, fixed semi-circular window. The third story windows are the same as those in the other Special Libraries windows. The interior court was designed with a fountain at its center. The construction of the fountain and the landscaping of the courtyard was completed after the Library opened in January of 1895. Because it was part of the onginal construction campaign, however, it is included in this section of the report. The fountain was to be a gift to the Library from Mckim as a memonial to his second wife, Julia Appleton McKim. The Library Trustees readily accepted McKim’s offer and it was reported in the Boston Transcript on May 23, LOUD DY 11. le Parker: [McKim] chose as his especial care the fountain in the interior court, designing it in the fashion of an impluvium of a Roman House—a shallow, quadrangular basin, framed in a broad rim of marble, and reflecting in its water, as in a mirror, the surrounding walls and the open sky above. At first only a jet of water was to spout upward from the centre of the basin; but subsequently he decided to adorn the fountain with sculpture. Delays of various sorts then arose, and it was not until Mr. MacMonnies’ visit , some months since, to New York, that a final decision was made. The sculptor then proffered to Mr. McKim his bronze “Bacchante and Child” and in spite of many suggestions that it remain in this city [New York], it will become the Chief part of the fountain in the court of the Boston Library.” Parker went on to describe the sculpture as follows: The nude Bacchante is in vigorous and joyous motion, poised on the toes of her left foot, her springy weight falling altogether on her left leg, her right uplifted and her bended knee thrust forward, as, half-dancing, she pursues her way. In her left hand she raises a bunch of grapes high above her head. With her right arm bent about him as though to make a seat of her elbow, she carries a naked child, that presses its head eagerly against her throat and cheek, and gazes with wide-eyed and open mouthed eagerness at the quivering grapes. With its vitality and gaiety, and its suggestion of the joy of life, it promises to gain by contrast with the austere dignity of its surroundings. In giving it, Mr. McKim and Mr. MacMonnies will give Boston one of the few admirable examples of imaginative sculpture in public places in America." (fig. E-52) The construction of the fountain basin proceeded as planned and the c.1895 photographs of the interior court show the fountain completed and filled with water (fig. E49). Richard Wilson, architectural historian and McKim scholar, notes that Philip Martiny, an architectural sculptor and friend of McKim’s, is reputed to have designed and built the fountain basin. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 82 betaresnes 6 omeatesit abpere My iis NS Bh we Tein yt: vem seeped! EVER brind 7’ A i ores Site af) seSoeiies > oP i sl ad er « Abe I va Di 7 Paha pe es iw sta eee OE 7 manne he gii) att tol s@.o wide Or size See os ’ era be aon waren a : I 7" 4, 7 4 » a en] | a od ) > phe P t 7 Pr ¥ ame verry La i 9 j t i ¥ yo od ® ‘4 o a 4 ec, 1s > ue ; ea ah te oe ‘ mp yoeeld 60 Te abe : by (ae he e wird auger 1p on (it iss, i rs af ’ j ' e i ) a) i] i.' et e ’ he ny Din ote j ry “= le ‘ (3? . ara ‘ Ss a . 24 ‘ - ' ) t 34) Gatien pai 4,7) | at wide ) f “et cv 7 J ig “s i i = r "3.3 é ee aoe ah oo sk 2001 Gene 7 : , ; - : : ait nh Oa - - . , es uP ere org 2 He Bo 4 oe shed 4 r ’ : - ; ; ' hte npn a a 7 Reni ating a sa Pali ' a hi é = 2 hei , aM VERE 2s j bi Asie Fs patrye ff " As Pe ee SEV SRP de? § hil th. aoegoeiesuts App y ont iat 5 oie janie “AE LeU DTT, gestae et) eftis |. vie ct Wel tee, betenetig:, su gore 9 Lind) a denis Oey, neg t Vache dev vi st aawel ea 008 aarade rs Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior The last masonry feature in the court was an air intake vent, a rectangular structure that stood on the west side of the courtyard. It has louvered sides and a flat metal roof. There is little documentation for the original landscaping of the interior court. Between 1891 and 1892, there is correspondence between McKim and Frederick Law Olmsted Sr. regarding the court. In a letter dated the 14th of June 1892, Olmsted requests plans and elevations from McKim “in order that we may make some plans for the treatment of the court.” Plans at the F. L. Olmsted National Historic Site include the drawings submitted by McKim and several traces that show very preliminary studies for the courtyard. One study shows a path running along the east wall of the interior court, connecting the north and south sides of the arcade. The path appears to have been aligned with one of the entrances from the porte cochere into the interior court. The second drawing is a section of the courtyard, showing a rectangular fountain in its center, surrounded by grass (fig. D-27). This is the level of planting in the courtyard at the ume that the Library opened in 1895 and appears to represent the level of planting for the short lived stay of the Bacchante in the fountain. Herbert Small describes the landscaping of the courtyard in 1895 as follows: In the centre of a well-kept grass plot a fountain plays every day during the warm season into a rectangular basin bordered with white marble and lined with a marble mosaic. '™ Construction photographs of the court show the fountain and platforms surrounded by grass and the terra cotta pots awaiting their plantings.'* Small says of these pots: Large terra-cotta pots made in Italy, and ornamented with heaw festoons, are scattered about the court—meant some day to hold bay-trees, and to be distributed in a more orderly fashion, most of them between the columns of tne arcade or on the posts of the parapet.'* Later photographs of the court show small trees planted at the edge of the arcade. There are no paths in the grass, and it continues to be space that was to be viewed and not entered. The trees have merely been inserted into the grass, with scarcely a cut out around their base (fig. E-50). A letter found in the Olmsted archives relates to the Library’s interior court. It is from M. Sargent to the Olmsted Brothers (December 17, 1898) and is regarding a memorial fund for Harry S. Codman, whose income was to be used for buying and maintaining plants for the decoration of the courtyard of the Library. This fund, which was originally held by McKim, was turned over to the Trustees. Sargent’s letter states that the sum of the fund, only $3,000.00, is too small to generate adequate income for the plants, and therefore he recommends that the income be used to purchase landscape-gardening books for the Library, rather than for plants for the courtyard. It is interesting to note that the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 86 Se at > + tar ioe TOE , patria, rae) APS .ar 49 ) =e 4 aus beanies vier ) rtm eh eegmeinal _* Eainent eee ee Sut atten les Son us ‘ fl b . u by Pas a4 q Dae 11 : 7 L 7 , : ns See ba? PRS i eae eaten “ “Ve ager! “Emap SOE iy ite : . 4 rae es eal Mle: . : one wR ‘) ore oat Oe Faiatls : . yy a4 med 9); vit? Shy te eee p | ier te wd Ys : i Ss : elite mae | Ye witli : : ¥ Agel ahg ty " ‘ ey ‘ate wes wil te an al a? PT he ae GQHT ° 4ooceayi steeds ‘dior bun «eh at | ; as " _— ti aad Viol) wy AL ee 4% one oo ‘Oe "9 ee: she a heen ; ee 4 = - .) pe | ar ? wwe bt ges Ad “oils ; f ») Ce ; ‘| by i “ips ’ ‘ a. bar 4 Th nd ma.” ‘ead ' a* q & a) 4 afr? a aT ey Ph A ’ ; 7 Rid ar Habit Cecil wiht) eae ; - 7 ae ee “a Jon : fo eer, _ a ah “tg ¢ gm” wh) ‘ ’ J o TPO ies rae Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report . Exterior plantings considered are only to be seasonal and that permanent plantings in the courtyard are not considered. The plan has been explained to Mr. McKim and Mr. D. H. Burnham, who have been instrumental in - securing a large part of the memorial fund, and it is heartily approved by them both, and, even if the money was sufficient to carry out the plan first proposed, it seems to me that a special library of books on landscape-gardening, which is likely to be preserved for centuries, is a more valuable and lasting memorial to Harry than a collection of plants which could only be kept in the courtvard-vard during part of the vear and which would, in the hands of the Library Trustees, be much more apt to be neglected than one of their special libraries.” Early photos also show wooden benches lining the walls of the arcade. There are no historic photographs that show any seating on the arcade balcony, though the description of the area as an “enticing reading place” suggests that it must have had benches or chairs. All of the historic photographs show patrons only on the arcade. The early photographs do show white (probably marble) pavers that form a path from the east basement entry to the fountain (figs. E48 and E49). The pavers appear to have been a path for maintenance personnel to reach the fountain, rather than for patrons to enter into the courtyard. It is also interesting to note that the steps shown leading down into the courtyard in the early McKim drawings and the sketch of a path across the east side in the Olmsted drawings were never executed. These changes suggest that even though the courtyard may originally have been conceived as an accessible space, that as its design evolved it became a space that was to be viewed (from the arcade and the interior rooms of the Library) rather than entered. 7.2.3 Library Alterations to 1909 The alterations undertaken on the McKim Building from 1895 to 1908 fall into the general category of maintenance. No major changes were made to the exterior of the building. 7.2.3.1 Roof The primary areas requiring nearly immediate repair were the Library roofs—both the arcade roof and the main roof. In 1897, only two years after the Library opened, the entire arcade roof was re-laid with a coating of slate to remedy the leaks. In 1900, the tile roof was newly cemented, the joints in the walls repointed and the courtyard walls in the basement made watertight. In 1904, the roof needed more repairs. A new perforated brass pipe was placed in the outside roof gutters for thawing ice and snow. The tile roof was thoroughly inspected; all damaged tiles were replaced or repaired, and all defective BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 87 iv uf 1 aoenineqaneiely ‘compen Ogfing icy eet ‘ ee ear! ca “(titeal- a) 1 se nine \ ; it Sey deadhipe ratte WED + 7 aail A were | tee ae, J ! mney i o> gerd aed A Vee my A | [eow oe Fea Papa's lamer lg sheng i Ils ~~ ; | i 4 _t ag ’ rl i 7 WH (ay ‘is. Py j wee | : ' x jie. Or +" 7 ra. cna a Ads fi i! ' ita | ali olsun v4 a alate 5 i. te ls? oy Victes. colt hehe nate imeliialbll al tes partys | ts “uh sepe Mee tpah x e derive 'y bag slept eke . Ree We mpi lehegea ' - a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior joints were re-cemented. In 1906, the tile roof was extensively repaired (246 tiles replaced) and repairs were made to correct the leaks in the courtyard arcade.” 7.2.3.2 Windows and Doors A noteworthy entry in the Trustees reports indicates that the exterior wood trim was scheduled for repainting in 1907.'* The Copley Square entrance to the Library has received few alterations since its construction. The Sir Henry Vane statue, sculpted by MacMonnies, was placed here sometime post 1902. The bronze doors, which had not been cast when the Library opened in 1895, were installed in 1904 as evidenced by the Trustees’ authorization to pay French for completion on December 2, 1904.'" The Boylston Street entrance was extensively altered in 1898. The two easternmost arched openings were filled in with glass and wood enclosures to create more interior space for the Library. The wrought iron gates and lamps were left in place, so that the overall configuration of the entrance was not changed significantly. The west arched opening, which contains the double carved oak doors that provided access to the bindery and printing office was not altered as part of this work. The oak doors, which it is assumed originally had stained and resinous finish, are now painted black. Although unused, this entry remains intact. 7.2.3.3 Artwork A bas-relief of Robert Charles Billings by Augustus St. Gaudens was purchased for the north courtyard wall in 1903; and the contract with Augustus St. Gaudens and the City, rade on November 30, 1892, for groups of statuary to be placed on pedestals at tlie Copley Square entrance, terminated with his death in the summer of 1907." 7.2.3.4 Interior Court The plantings in the courtyard also changed over time, though documentation is scant. There is an entry in the BPL Trustees’ Minutes dated May 29, 1903, under the category “American Park and Outdoor Art Association,” that reads as follows: In accordance with request of May 8, the librarian reported on the Communication of American Park and Outdoor Art Association regarding the decoration of the courtyard and in connection therewith presented as statement and drawings prepared by Manning Brothers, landscape architects, and upon motion of Dr. Dwight it was voted that the offer of the American Park and Outdoor Art Association of May 2 as outlined in statement of Manning Brothers be accepted on the understanding that complete control of the work be in the hands of the Trustees.'~ BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 88 ally O45 ete om rears wo ieee nevis bore lt Meee Te is i — rT 6 tad , y Fost ondary er" Ce RecE f i] } ate : 2 bh (PEM 11 -. if é " ’ eh MALS Ia bachrae ranhiole bts j , R fia wen rating yu é : sl ig ' > é 4 Crysis z, 9604 .@ayi , 43 « y wi? mee F oe Re pao. iret d ade 0 heme rqunil dj orp 6! ly are we Ps ri re Add GY ; ona. = Hep eree » el? ate oat tale as ; ‘aS J4eAt Bie 5 ) am ‘Visas. efor ita att r Hise: eto ht eee oil & ly 7 7 p aoeag | "ae 8 L) eet Bithicd wil ay rv id 4 ap an >» ee ve tel | Fi ARh nh ae ‘5s ae oe AP ee 4 Lie ie A _ . Uh ’ - 7 ; - . ; a . - ate ae | i Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior None of the drawings for this work have been located and there are no historic photographs that show any significant planting in the courtyard in the early 20" century. 7.2.4 Library Alterations 1910-1972 The exterior of the Boston Public Library has never undergone a comprehensive restoration. Rather, the work done to the exterior has been undertaken to maintain the building. It has been done primarily on an as-need basis and, with only minor exceptions, has preserved the original building fabric. Since there have been no comprehensive restoration campaigns, the work described in this section is organized chronologically for each of the principal building elements. 7.2.4.1 Foundation In 1929 the Trustees considered re-laying the front platform. An examination disclosed a serious rotting of the piles under the main foundations, so work on the platform was temporarily discontinued. The BPL Trustees’ Annual Report stated that, “unless some method can be found and applied whereby the ‘water-table’ underlying the Back Bay section of the city can be stabilized, future trouble with the underpinning of the Library Building is to be feared.” '” 7.2.4.2 Exterior Walls There is very little documentation for work that has been done on the exterior walls of the McKim Building. Fortunately the masonry materials—granite, brick, terra cotta and bluestone—chosen for the walls are very durable. Even the marble has aged relatively well. The work undertaken has been to keep the building weathertight and has not included any significant alterations. The Trustees’ Reports document the following work on the exterior walls. In 1927, the exterior facades and walls of inner court were repointed. In 1933, the Examining Committee reported that the west wall of the building was bulging. They recommended that the ongoing investigation continue. Building Department permits indicate that in 196] the upper part of the west exterior wall was to be reconstructed. (The Building Department permit is the only record for this work. Any physical evidence of these repairs would have been obliterated by the construction of the Johnson Building.) In 1971 the McKim Building was cleaned and exterior lighting was installed on the Dartmouth Street facade. No information is given for how the building was cleaned. The BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 89 > WR 4 nee Wee ary? Porte: Pevegroed ' tae TW ee vill ol Rese Sa ni gas ; Pre SF . . et) ae “eg 4 py, eo J (19 => aan Wer; ed bs 4 Le + ‘ ‘Tt hee wm : oe i etl | a ; ee?) on ‘ st s) Capa? Un pr tine Boyt 8 anon re ls ae 1 ste eee ce ae podirieg : ‘ ' 7 . id yd Op : 73 wo - cs ‘ % ‘tel Mor iyom tat ype Rai sae h pM é. it AL BL! , . ii iat - ! ie an — ' a 7 = "3 Avg A Aa ee 4 7 _ ‘ iu = vie) ais 1, Adank sunt é wsV¥ , /¢@ ha» ¢ t, sled ta 13s MD OF Oh Le aOR ) ’ f Py gy Po » . 4 as nea rs Aw Ebel 2h Oey ‘ q i : i ‘ , ’ : rr aes wremes s* *\, fod ene wy uw Siem: ra Pour ws a a 4 ie - cor Al (ap gli te) Qing yravieh toner MIT SP TLOOS wae I eb ee SRE 7 a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior work provided a beautiful backdrop for a holiday ceremony at which the Boston Globe proclaimed, For the noble facade of the Library, which is one of this country’s architectural treasures (as its contents are internal treasures) stood suddenly forth in the night as it had not stood before in all the 76 years it has been embellishing the square.” In addition to these entries, there is physical evidence of other work that has been done to the building. Additional repointing has been done since 1927, and there have been some repairs made to cracks in the granite. The building was also cleaned prior to 1971. Early photographs of the building show it heavily soiled, and there is mention of heavy soiling on the exterior of the building in 1903 due to the consumption of soft coal, which was necessary during the coal strike." When and how it was cleaned, however, is not documented. The platform surrounding the exterior granite walls of the Library has been repaired several times. It was first reconstructed in 1931, both to correct structural deficiencies and to create more storage space. In 1958, Gilbert Small & Company conducted repairs to the platforms, including repointing the pavers and repairing the concrete substructure. 7.2.4.3 Windows The windows in the McKim Building have received typical maintenance repairs— replacement of broken glass, re-puttying and repainting. The color on the windows evolved over time on the street elevations from dark green to black and on the courtyard from cream to varying shades of yellow and tan. Few other alterations were made to the windows, with one noted exception, the removal of the double glazing in the Bates Hall level arcade windows. This work was probably done in the 1960s, when.Gilbert Small & Co. repaired the Library windows. There is a set of drawings by Gilbert Small & Co. dated November 1964 entitled “Repairs to Windows and Certain Doors Including Painting.”'” Recent restoration of these windows confirmed that they originally had double glazing, though all of it had been previously removed. 7.2.4.4 Doors The arched openings on Dartmouth Street, which were originally closed only with wrought iron gates, have been enclosed with glazed, paneled wooden doors. It is not known when this space was enclosed, though it seems likely with all the early concerns regarding heat in the building, that this may have been an early alteration. It also would have been very difficult to open and close the bronze doors, so that it was more than likely done by 1904 when the bronze doors were installed. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 90 : my Pe ie > vedleoll owe? aio vie en ieee ND oft a nahe Bip ati Suedtedenc ee Si .> 17 Mi Sai Vepe® © ertabe ol (td tay seine ' W hepa, i) Le ® aa eh a On) eee “wee rah i) Paley y esis | 3 ola L saree 9063] di wit san Tiwi, Oh 1 ‘ al Winalt be apf imys ity pate Th Ay ' - Pb iy . : Pie, | ‘ ' ; ae has dH comeyort | } le ps j ( ih i? A223 oy ey j ie rik ee Bae ei ae é he raver aie! wei A yale’ | YW hoy yy be iri crPIne vise tt . aly an eal Saad : pine fin (ies awe one i (tera m1ta vie Aap Olas Weds aay il ie ahinslp st enh 9 ‘ Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior The Boylston Street entry, which was eliminated as a principal entrance to the building in 1898, was further compromised by the construction of the Copley Square subway station in 1912. The station’s kiosk, which is located directly in front of the Bovlston Street entrance, faces away from the Library, allowing people to enter and exit from the sidewalk. It effectively creates a barrier between the sidewalk and the north facade of the Mckim building. The Blagden Street entrance is not shown in any of the early photographs of the building, so it is not known how it has been altered. The existing wood paneled glazed doors appear to be modern, although their design is appropriate for the building. Since the doors are in good condition and this has been a utilitarian entrance, a best guess is that the existing doors are reproduction doors that replicate the design of the original doors in this location. The bronze sculptures, designed by Bela L. Pratt, after the death of St. Gaudens, were installed on the granite pedestals in 1912.’ The sculptures are single figures; the figure on the left side of the entry door symbolizes Science, and the figure on the nght side of the entry door symbolizes Art. The pedestals on which the sculptures are seated are carved with the names of famous artists and scientists. 7.2.4.5 Roofs The main roof and arcade roof of the Library have been a constant source of problems. The entries in the Trustees Annual Reports document their need for nearly continuous repair. The first entry in this period occurs in 1912 when minor repairs were made to the roof and gutters. The following year, extensive repairs were made to the plaster surface of the groined arches in the courtyard arcade. In 1915, the courtyard arcad- roof continued to have problems, and more repairs were made to the tile roof after severe storms. Again in 1916 “considerable work” was done to the main roof and gutters. In 1919, at the recommendation of Thomas A. Fox of Fox & Gale Architects, extensive repairs were again made to the roofs and flashings of the arcade (fig. D-10). In addition, “usual repairs” were made to the roof and gutters on the Central Building, and “unexpected repairs” were necessary on the roof of the Annex. Only one year later, in 1920, John Farquhar’s Sons, Inc. relined the gutters with new copper and flashing and replaced tiles wherever necessary. By 1924, however, the Report of the Examining Committee notes “leaks in roof.” In 1925, increased appropriations allowed for these leaks to be repaired, and the metal secondary roof and catch-pans over Bates Hall were repaired where necessary. Yet another major repair was begun on the roof in 1926 when 20,000 tiles were repointed with “plastic compound.” In 1927, two-thirds of roof tiles (50,000) were repointed, and by 1928 all repointing and replacement of roof tiles was completed. Also in 1928, two large BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 91 | ' e/ pedieiaad oe ch aa ets iNet é. ob aimee puklist simp? oahu) a TF cm toi morte lt hare Ce oo alg can) hes ie) aging at nop wa aris Wh het sivexo gollt Seca, Uden ae fete a 4 ; 71 ig? ~el eviemuaa thy ste =e) hl ‘ Sts or Mebuidy ft! eines ee yim ott ' 2 actives! ait sd Wien dae 2 in Pruvpieetsiallto «tage Grohahees cul io PY wel hu int * ‘ 7 ‘ ‘ te ee Dey yp ak! ry cae v ( ‘ae ; . , ie | eG a he va 6 é } ~ ac. } ye: ar) nat ae wt zea pale Vitae. nied A bit: WES Ce iS) 4 — i 5 F peas we F os \ ais ae ; \ f ;G& toes ad iy 1 eag ei ¢ 1 ir (torrw | ae 4 j 4 ‘ ' j a? iI: H ad wie es, FEY Med yin eee obese ett ad ye th nnn S wit Cay mh ye se Fi Lab © e faci «a PAL id esc a nel , 7 sant Poel ray ” Ith piatis ‘esl TAR Pet ; eT pti | oer ot ee > bedi) teat eth gw Pac. 7 een eae i¢ awe @tyetnad sprbveRpet ee as. dart cad ibes dling Ob @ ee | chad yal 2 ji in’ .Aeedivan saree ey Fk GW hea, Pee I al Hirt 8 pealye Caged tl of Sane Soaiomgg em Oh) eae Maye ee Se Sadi (ae died fg 4 vie Wow ‘ @ - if w i “ ‘te 7 4 me s & ¢ > aA Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior skylights were replaced, and the roof ndge cresting was furnished with new supports of 148 brass. "* In 1937, in response to the continual repairs necessary on the roof, a study was done by J. R. Worcester & Co. to make a recommendation for a fundamental and permanent treatment of the problem. They reported it would cost $256,000 to remedy. In 1942 J. R. Worcester & Co. carried out a major roof restoration involving reinforcement of roof trusses and installation of a concrete plank at the roof.'” In 1951 Gilbert Small & Co. repaired the arcade tar and gravel roof, built a new wood deck over it, and removed the granite steps from the arcade and built new wooden steps.” In addition, Gilbert Small & Co. also worked on the main roof in 1955, removing and reinstalling all the tile. The removal of the skylights in the main roof was probably done as part of this work, though the drawing that describes this work is undated.’ There is a set of 1956 drawings which indicates that the copper cheneau and its brass interior and exterior supports were repaired and reset.'” Finally, in 1961, the tar and gravel roof on the arcade was replaced, and a new wood deck was installed.'” Although these roof repairs were intended only to keep the building weathertight, they did result in some alterations to the exterior appearance of the building. On the main roof, the changes seem to have occurred primarily in the flat portion of the roof. The earliest drawing of this roof that identifies materials is an August 1933 Fox & Gale drawing that states “Flat deck roofed with slate.”’” An undated drawing further states “Flat roof—12" x 12" slate on 3" slab. No reinforcing steel.” Between 1933 and 1955, the slate roof must have been replaced with tar and gravel, since the 1955 Gilbert Small & Co. drawings state, “Repair existing tar and gravel where new gravel stops installed.”'” The 1955 work also removed all of the skylights from the flat roof. 7.2.4.6 Interior Court The interior court received few alterations between 1910 and 1972. As described in the roof section of the Historic Structure Report, the arcade roof continued to be problematic, and along with the plaster of the arcade ceiling was repaired repeatedly. In 1927, the walls of the inner court were repointed.'” The fountain basin was also rebuilt in 1929.'* The brick and marble paving on the sides of the grand stair projection were altered and covered over at some time, though this work is not documented. It was probably done in conjunction with alterations to the building’s mechanical systems. There is another entry in the 1933 Trustees’ Annual Report in the Report of the Examining Committee: “Planting in courtyard was excellent, plan designed by landscape BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 92 ie . Meee a] 2a ti a | 7 ae a ly mS) “3 = f : " : via Cee Ate ts 7 tn0 2iar ay Vint: vet fT ive ; : i | KS a eag sve Serpay arte yeep et gue pe wy me). Dade | 2h il dah oe hnesy ued : ll 2 — repithe’y | Sine 7 ol aso 0) pmamgtities bon * tn | “eal at a silica Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Exterior architects with final scheme in view.” There is no reference as to whom the landscape architects might be, and no drawings or planting plans have been found for this work. There is one set of drawings in the BPL archives for plantings in the courtyard by Patsv Boyce.’ The drawings are undated, though they appear to be relatively recent. Figure E-54 is a photo of the interior court taken in the 1960s showing mature plantings and a rather overgrown appearance. Figure CE-3 is a contemporary photograph of the interior court showing it with a more formal planung plan, consisting of stone covered walks and clearly delineated planting beds. Small trees are now located in the courtyard, rather than at the edge of the arcade. Both of these more recent photographs show a planting plan that is much more complicated and cluttered than the onginal planting plans for the interior court. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 93 mew + ot 4a eafiaee!eot en a o ye) ° @) Nu Bite +‘) 36 a) ee ( “O>pee oy oe abe id te, r d jana oe enane j . + That A | vet 7% ae - hace hishaihehe ‘ome aon ee j ies by ciate Somes Sees ae at “rake: oo “a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Ground Floor i INTERIOR OF THE BUILDING 7.3.1 Ground Floor The ground floor of McKim’s Boston Public Library Building contained the vaulted Entrance Hall from which one could access both the Grand Staircase leading to the Bates Hall Reading Room and the cormidors leading to the courtyard. Originally the Ground Floor contained only two public rooms. Until 1908, the Newspaper and Periodical Rooms in the northeast corner were the only rooms used by patrons, rather than for administrative duties of the Library. The private rooms included the Catalogue Room, Ordering Room, Bindery and Printing Rooms, and Newspaper Files Room. Mchim’s scheme to put the main public reading room and other public rooms on the second floor was Clearly inspired by European models of the grand piano nobile. His design created a dramatic sequence of entry and movement away from the ground floor to the Bates Hall floor above. Throughout the building’s history, the Library’s Examining Committee expressed concern with this mode of organization. The first floor was the most accessible to patrons, but contained the least amount of public space. Major use changes eventually occurred to modify the building to suit their views (See plans contained after the Introduction to Section 7.0). The earliest change that occurred on the Ground Floor was the enclosure of the Boylston Street Driveway in 1898. Space considerations facilitated this alteration, which created a new Periodical Reading Room. In 1898, the Newspaper collection was moved into the original Periodical Reading Room, but no physical changes were made to the room aside from furniture. Also in 1898, the Ordering Room and adjacent Service Corridor were combined into one large room and renamed the Receiving and Ordering Department. Behind this department in the southwest corner of the stacks, an area was designated the Branch Department. By 1908, the Bindery and Printing Department were moved out of the Central Library Building, making room for a large Patent Library in the northwest corner of this floor. This change added another public space to the Ground Floor. After this, few changes were made on the floor until around 1920 when a small Open Shelf department was created in the former Lavatory and Stenographer spaces off the north corndor. In the 1950s and 60s, Milton Lord finally heeded the Examining Committee’s advice to put more public uses on the Ground Floor, and major changes were realized in the Entrance Hall and southeast corner of the Ground Floor. The Entrance Hall was transformed into the Main Charging Area with desks and railings placed virtualiy in the center of the space. The Catalogue Room and Receiving and Ordering Department were changed into a new Open Shelf Department, including rooms for both Adults and BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 94 | . ofan dy Sever new dotted yeaa Ss inaeh SP OM Sonl sears! baie) ooh dime inatieste? afk otbemtgew” emerteny early eb qeall et ae ee a ean! » 407! Upeee Moc! ripest ane od hee “aq > a phe ; f t y fart ye Whey tela, sner « 7S tual WA ge Url Agee ep" ge % eo plghhw-erta, Per As io aed aay Mot wil? Bedale On) miert? ‘faye ; ape i aren § mires ow a —7 7 p) ap-oe celfvane 14H Mal eat 6 poli 4 lewieees Weide’, ey WAM =0Sugeee ie ay rh] . oka Tete, We The oticg ota elep anvtni) “ener Te it : | es +, 1a" ( ¢ ; esriia4 ; Caw ee | at Ki hh i JAA - - a nt ego? yrs, COUR tie OM) Wy wit tae) Rd inf P é a fa ha 1m) gawd 3 sews It ate oid . i o4 SL” inane: ) 2D al 90 regs ya? ia by” ity} “ ‘ f y 7 7 a) tow tebe) your speedy bile treated tri gto age ) gee) Oe yn ose ott Ree i) Oa ey me (8 HE Chl Gia od? We vee mntth, | totaal! elt io lee Bawom oes ann cmd TRE les Sein fee en ely tl oa ie rotate wen sed wee ot Bena? oat th rea Mepriehiey ely Mowht ty Neoprt ce seiterens Mots ody Ge wapene ut yaivoga’ s- One? apepind wal dead ‘ " d " jit) me Lar ow = oa | a : : [> acm Tish sam su § vont ann? 6 sith rol Whuavtite @5ahq yea tail Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Ground Floor Children. This use change involved altering both furniture and finishes in these spaces. The Cataloguing, Receiving and Ordering functions were moved into remodeled stack space, out of the public realm. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 95 orig? wees! dane byatsbaects ec foemoee Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Entrance Hall and Ground Floor Corridors 7.3.1.1 Entrance Hall Ground Floor Corridors 1990s Restoration Room Nos. 210, 203-207 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Entrance Hall Monograph Entrance Hall 1895 Entrance Room 1897 Entrance Room 1898 Entrance Hall 1902 Entrance Hall 1908 Entrance Hall 1964 Entrance Hall 1972 Entrance Hall Plan as built in 1895 N—> | game BOYLSTON STREET ENTRANCE yt 6 HALL CURRENT PERIODICALS CENTRAL LIBRARY. GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 96 7+ See Nea cheot : » Le i, 2s a - ; =, v G wl ae fala 4 5 a ' ne = ae 7 ( % ba “all beg na - a , ~ eee 4 : 4 eo step, Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Entrance Hall and Ground Floor Corridors Library as Completed 1895 Physical Description Upon entering the Library building through the Entrance vestibule in 1895, one arrived at the Entrance Hall (fig. 16). Called “impressive and beautiful” at the ume of opening, the Entrance Hall was a vaulted space (35' x 46') divided into three aisles by grav Iowa sandstone piers.'”’ Corridors ran to the right and left from both sides of the Entrance Hall, and straight ahead was the Grand Staircase. Originally, to the south there was a coat room, the elevator, the Catalogue Department and the Receiving and Ordering Departments. To the north, there were toilet rooms and the entrances to the Periodical Rooms. At the end of each corndor there were doors leading to the interior court. Architectural Details and Finishes The floor of the Entrance Hall was constructed of white Georgia marble. In various places in the floor, brass intarsia were inlaid. In the center aisle the intarsia were symbols of the zodiac designed by George Maynard, designer of the ceiling of the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, and forged by John Williams, a worker for Tiffany (figs. I-8, 19). These decorations were originally created and used in Mckim’s New York State Building at the World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893.'" Near the entrance of the hall there was a brass inscription and library seal commemorating the founding of the Library. Near the Grand Staircase were the names of men who were involved in the early history and founding of the Library: Bates, Bigelow, Everett, Ticknor, Quincy, Winthrop, Jewett, and Vattemare. The walls were made of Iowa sandstone furnished and erected by Robert C. Fisher & Co.'* There were four niches in the side walls, one in each bay. The ceiling was vaulted in the center aisle with domes over the side aisles. It was entirely of mosaic, also furnished and laid by Robert C. Fisher & Co.'" The mosaic patterns were of delicate vines woven onto trellises in pastel colors (fig. I-7). T. R. Sullivan said that the ceiling work, “unique of its kind in America, recalls the Pompeiian fragments in the Naples museum.” An article in The Newton Circuit praised the ceiling stating, “The delicate autumnal tnts of the leaves and fruit are faithfully portrayed, and the whole ceiling is a work of art of the highest order.” Like the floor, the ceiling mosaic was a place to honor prominent Bostonians. In the arches of the center aisle were the names Peirce, Adams, Franklin, Emerson, Hawthorne, and Longfellow. In the side bays, there were 24 more names, split into six categories: (1) Theologians: Channing, Parker, Mather, and Eliot; (2) Reformers: Sumner, Phillips, BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 97 area’ oe seit ad Sompeylir-iy —_ oo en : itve ptt 4 el ae mis noeniw J rea vi - alene 4 i nls tusk’ : mata’ The heen a re, rears j\o equi we ile J yt we SL) - Le; Pull: >) ones ) rg 7 pent aleithiwad bwe Jnoidact Ag ree em ite too wal saloté sncmtontl aay , a : = N rant Ons wake satay row stem _& . ; ay wfal oc at Jick O00tat a3 oe con) 8 ind 0) ‘oo ps a ; lima * ‘twits Caen How Volietw An amo: al a . | steep Tatts “itt Ng F » ot? ieoeoitt wi oe ew see | ‘ é > cpaborels hy Depa a1 2X > dete awnwe = Lr » THIN; § ’ cd wore » ene wie qed a f@ wow is ye 1 Oe > ie hy G Bip eadee A447 a it war? oN of y 1 ¥PSRd Ph " y ‘ t) atvrle Myeye as M ME a [yee Tal mo ue). Airey on Tie iwA cD i Ub = Line eit et a OTT 4) 142d DOr we Pieral ieee" prowl! (AD eee appa? atweese) oe set “OPS ‘ ~ ya ih ier 1 Ae Jor * aS es a i) . ww AA aT: Voor ss Te 4 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Entrance Hall and Ground Floor Corridors Shelf Room contained a collection of 2,500 popular non-fiction books and a General Information Department. The Government News Service Room was a depository of material issued by the U. S. Government “received by mail from Washington daily.” The collection was reportedly, “kept more completely up to date than that contained in any other library in the country.”"” The public stenographer’s office was moved to the south corridor. In 1929 the entire marble floor in the Entrance Hall was re-laid.'” Whitehill related that the experiment of the Ground Floor Open Shelf Department received a good response from the patrons of the library, but the location in the small rooms of the corridor prevented its growth.'” It remained in this small space until another solution to the problem was undertaken in the 1950s when an Open Shelf Department, including Children’s and Young Adult’s sections, was put into the southeast corner of the ground floor. (see “Catalogue Room” section) In the early 1950s, significant alterations related to the new Open Shelf Department were made to the Entrance Hall and to the corridors. In the words of Milton Lord who orchestrated the changes, “steps were instituted to make the Main Entrance Hall look like a library.” The Entrance Hall became, instead of a transitional space, a working area where library functions were carried out. Specifically, two new book charging desks were installed directly inside the Entrance Hall.'” The spaces next to the stairs on either side were used as areas for the Central Book Return Desk, Information Desk and Library Information Office. In the north corridor, there was also a new room for borrower card issuance, Central Charging Records, and a Cloak Room.'” All of these spaces had new asphalt tile floors. Some had new hung acoustic ceilings and new leather covered doors. In addition, currently existing lighted exhibition cases were installed in the side wall niches so that interesting library materials could be displayed to library patrons (fig. CI-2). Brass handrails were also installed at the center of the Entrance Hall to direct the flow of patrons. Of these changes Lord wrote, “this has been accomplished without detracting either from the beauty or the architectural excellences” of the space.’ Jordy disagreed with Lord as to the level of disruption these changes caused. ... the department store ideal downstairs disturbs the monumentality of McKim’s ground floor. Especially is this true of the entrance foyer, where display cases and posters in addition to the circulation machinery, now obtrude into what was once so pristinely architectural that strangers to the Library repeatedly mistook the premises for a museum or a court house.” This arrangement of space lasted until Phase I of the current restoration when they were removed. Today, after the completion of Phase I, the Entrance Hall looks almost exactly as it did upon opening in 1895. The noted exception is the new hanging lamps installed to light the mosaic ceiling. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 99 caer) a bite dere! ayy 7) an eT Wor Saat « ww aoniiat erm pags wi iT ° Pah arenaidien a verre Laver J ieee ov OnaN0 Ce ie ORT | ed jtavdguptg! a lhe ~@* aft a0 See’ ee see Walle @ pony. £49 al . ge fF iti-e cpm (tet Peapeages- otis iG ‘7 oi : i tha te ita? wi ve | GHien } mins ip * “ ua! afi pga} ii at = ; / ee Sie 2 ee a Bade teat 8 nares Weiter AMO i GAP os An sa mali é t f i : a big " Wf ee) Ri ms iu 1 ¢ c ij ’ het ims! (i fis Piokwin*) atiwh ohn sare os! ag raay yt OR hairy a bh Se way 'estriblarit dc ae Poa. sect "aad ies wee 4 nw eo RAR wpe alba ral . a 1s s H ; t ‘Lie a? wet ‘ . i ‘ > yi* } ‘ , Z bu> ; PlTpigs tte tf J fs i? Al ? ‘ vod o « ad Gu Re A ¢ ’ ¥ i fey a7 ; uf 1”) PPS ET aly) oft of ) | Pe eereet hee é eke: pate i Wen obetel plcally (ele . . © Glaleersn: Si tieg ans He en shg Og sine? wes meal 7 anieilita “Vit hoes 6% Wee & ill ‘ | ale cig woe seoreigs wish | Wiagy- ooplé ase elf saad 9 4 Lots edipel grtaewl wan we A etingeioiin y } 7 :< id , : ‘ a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Periodical Reading Room eB ley’ Periodical Reading Room 1990s Restoration Room No. 214 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Bound Newspaper & Map Room Monograph Periodical Room 1895 Periodical Reading Room 1897 Periodicals 1898 Newspapers 1902 Newspapers 1908 Newspapers Reading Room 1916 Newspapers Reading Room 1953 Social Sciences Department 1959 Newspaper Room 1975 Government Documents Plan as built in 1895 N= i | NEWSPAPER U anes | Hill Spe: ij e ° fs t SR] ( I WEST SERVICE! ee ae STAIRS % =z ARCADE ' “ mit i —} ban he He tte a PRINTING fe hi OFFICE TL : I : ee ety iD - ' Lo SIS S{REET ENTRANCE et H Ki a a ‘ Svte aes CURRENT PERIODICALS SERVICE CORRIDOR CENTRAL LIBRARY, GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 100 me na i na es shee on Poway ma Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Periodical Reading Room Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose The Periodical Reading Room was a large room that displayed more than 1,500 periodicals for the public’s perusal. Reportedly, the library’s collection held all the Periodicals in Poole’s Index. . Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The original location of the Periodical Reading Room was the northeast corner of the ground floor reached by the north corridor from the Main Entrance Hall. An early photo, and the only photo of this room as the “Periodical Room” shows that it was built to the specifications of McKim’s original drawing (figs. I-12, D-13)." A drawing of the room was published in the Boston Globe, February 1895 article featuring the new Library, (Appendix 11.6). The rectangular two story space (45' x 81') had a row of five plaster finished columns running lengthwise down the center, supporting a terra cotta tiled Guastavino arched ceiling. The floor was terrazzo, and the wainscot on the west wall and the bases of the columns and pilasters were a buff colored brick. In the center of the west wall, there was a fireplace with a simple mantle shelf of buff Indiana limestone. Instead of a brick wainscot, built in wooden bookcases lined the bottom of the north, south, and east walls. Above the bookcases, the walls were plaster. A narrow gallery, accessed by a stair on the north wall, ran around the west and south walls. The gallery had a wooden floor, metal railing, and bookcases covering its walls. On the south wall, there was one door that led to a small room next to the Entrance Hall. On the west wall, one door led into the corridor and the other led into the smaller Current Periodical Room. On the gallery level of the west wall, two doors led to administrative rooms on the mezzanine story. The north and east walls contained large windows looking out onto Boylston and Dartmouth Streets which provided the room with much natural light. Originally, there was also a small round window in the western bay of the south wall above the gallery bookcases. Fixtures and Furnishings The room was furnished with specially designed oak tables and racks for displaying the periodicals. In addition to being placed in the center of the open floor, to maximize the available display space in the room, racks were built around the column bases. Simple Windsor-style chairs were placed around the tables. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 101 “at P 4 és ere pels a) Ay a 44 , i> yo? Pas ire on ‘ 2. ae se oat uy arti Us amecovtion & gaan ad r he rete) Tn x Le D nee va > of = ' a if Pall pee mete 34 ee ral) ewe -@hO. sore wa '? Tie 4 j ral yer i bae ¢ es at : . » Oy rad i / Oke apie oF) bere ‘ ” f t § 7s if ” c sirdie Lat Mul tod) whee iwi He quan’ Te fw f ‘ GS , (ere BY oN Pa’ i | | meals cwe ‘¥ ; 5 2H ‘lew ae nia ot or eh Gent haa oor Geli carr: aod) 0 OG aA a Pop rok tnrot / pris note és. ties sandy ind te Save — > speed te phase @ ribshice? Gite Ueber te ar it. a + pasate: a i em Mr. er okt te Seen Cine ieee: ae pact a panes iid 2 a ch diel Seema vs ‘ail 7 « _ > 7 ' ‘ a * - ¥ , —~e . fT e) ane 5 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Periodical Reading Room In addition to the ample natural light in the room, there were four small lights mounted around each column to light the periodical racks. Similar fixtures were mounted on the pilasters to light the bookcases along the walls. There also appear to have been simple fixtures hanging from the bottom of the gallery, others mounted at the top of the bookcases in the gallery, and table lamps. Library Alterations to 1909 In 1898, when the porte cochere on Boylston Street was enclosed, the contents of the Periodical Room were consolidated into the converted space and the small Current Periodical Room (215). This alteration left the large corner room to receive the newspaper collection, formerly housed in the northwest corner of the Bates Hall floor. The collection held over 300 newspapers consisting of about 200 from the United States and 80 to 90 international publications." Greater accessibility to the public was the motivation for moving the Newspaper Room. In addition, the move freed the northwest space to be used as a Lecture Hall as was originally intended by McKim.” The transition was not complicated because all the special shelving for newspapers had been made for the original Newspaper Room, and the two rooms were similar in size. The most noticeable change that took place in the room after the move, was the furniture—now suited to larger newspapers rather than periodicals. Tables with upnght reading surfaces replaced the bookcases along the north and east walls. Above them, reading lights were mounted to the walls. In addition, the fireplace on the west wall was obstructed by a large wooden shelving unit (figs. I-13 to I-15). A plaque recognizing Todd, the benefactor of the Newspaper collection, is mounted on a pilaster on the west wall (fig. I-16). Trustees’ Annual Reports note the early history of the room. In 1907, additional lamps were installed. A “complete renovation” was undertaken in 1909 for which no specific details have been found.” Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 The room was painted in 1927, and the ventilation was improved in 1929. By 1933, when most of the library needed improvement, the Examining Committee reported that the ventilation and the tile floor both needed repairs. Unfortunately, this was a period in which budget cuts prevented the library from performing these necessary ° 184 improvements. In the 1953 modernization campaign, this room became the Social Sciences Department with a Sports and Travel section as well. The newspaper collection was moved to a small BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 102 bos Chit, abs ygil (aytee vee goer owed iors OF . Sé02 cl> | ey (eadiontt warned) vie vestige Howls en! el oy cena ade pray seve ool oMAuia crate molleg : iene ti? f rx | by Pidaat geotoding: ’ f ia “Vand | a, ‘teeg Ae 4 piles UM las ‘ 7) igegitaies ves 2 rats Live eel @legin p veal i cwcgted! eg cas Suites Bilas srt in | | r osety eur toot oth Gm entyrr out | Polis ‘ . wibhe af ailew Wat aieeinsien wre angi y wach By 4 . a Te ee erate uve by he) ; 0 val ante a is = : df 3 4 1 ners ae < = ead f (ved Pagl } Gi reaeaae dol ee eras ’: ; ar 4 hue up o@ vey yi an (ate ou dia , lied ne ini i ra iicepe > yathcdst ai a e! im 4 | eile 7) Weegee vedi F aer gna nee ly, arse = Pirie ie feign eo el i pb, Mee SEP 4 es Lene? of Savin ae moltedtys 73 4 —_ i] 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Periodical Reading Room room in the west wing.” Although physical changes were not documented, the special newspaper reading tables were most likely removed from the room and replaced by bookcases. The 1959 and 1964 plans, however indicate that this room was the Current Newspaper Room. A set of 1964 specifications detail cleaning, repairs and restoration of the room. This work included restoring tile to original color and appearance; washing and repainting plastered wall surfaces and columns; washing, repairing and re-varnishing all woodwork; washing all marble surfaces; and washing and re-coating metalwork." BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 103 5 : , Si 7 ie : WoAg — ve oa : ts its Hwdepwids f fa-atgary pels vew sre ; wy ee es ae seule ve, 0 wan? nec re a cro e ails re ert or oot) ett? Shag has Re my peas “ Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Current Periodical Room id aah, Mocs Current Periodical Room 1990s Restoration Room No. 215 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Unbound Pamphlets and Duplicate Exchanges Monograph Map Room 1895 Not mentioned 1897 Current Periodicals 1898 Periodicals 1908 Periodicals 1959 Periodical Room 1975 Work & Stack Space for Government Documents Department Plan as built in 1895 N= NEWSPAPER §& FILES ° p= ==) ET af } a ta | L___4) || ,oor yy nt r ‘ aa 9 pe BASS: —— aovi.sTow SYREET ENTRANCE TT) HALL gl CENTRAL LIBRARY, GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 104 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Current Periodical Room Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose This small room, reached either from the north corridor off the Main Entry Hall or through the Periodical Reading Room, was originally used for storing back volumes and overflow from the larger room. It was also used as an overflow reading area for periodicals. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes When designed, this 42-foot by 33-foot room was called the Map Room.’ The floor, like most others, was of terrazzo. The finishes of the walls and ceiling were distinctive, however, compared to the other rooms in the building. The walls had a bluestone base molding topped by a buff colored brick wainscot. Bands of light brick, terra cotta, and bluestone formed arches around the two rectangular windows in the north wall and surrounded the doors in the other three walls. The walls themselves were plastered. Between the windows on the north wall there was a circle of brick with a plaster panel inside. The barrel-vaulted Guastavino ceiling was of heavily coffered painted terra cotta tiles (fig. I-17). Fixtures and Furnishings Built in bookshelves and oak cases lined the walls of the first floor. Rectangular tables for reading filled the floor space. Library Alterations to 1909 In 1898, a door on the west wall was created to open into the newly enclosed porte cochere to its west. A gallery, which ran along the south and west walls, was added at this time. The gallery, like the others in the building, had a wooden floor and iron rail. Decorative iron brackets supported the bottom. More oak cases were housed on the gallery level. The room was painted in 1898 and again in 1906. Also in 1906, a book elevator was installed."® BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 105 ie A - a _ % I oe Al - 4 a) _ Se eae 2 | anu rou : at i | se b | | | . : tt. eT ee) M ash! Ho 1sleri sine 7 hick epee in. Sew lt Price, yheheni et gy wandreen ncn an Cae ae vue wrnes igh Bengt ean go: el ete heat? gytbtud ob jit teres Te "iT cris? Doel Jadot ‘ret vane Ngee hanates Test a yd bogye hbk tem suk) OL Margene 1el gen abt ga nes wethyra bso tial , staal oles idsew oregly \ 4 tered: onli babs fie fhwotued Was. a oe ile rm cwotcstw oeky ar ' bree hw vivord We se v ‘a. nd. : 7 "type t > » oe - 4 or de “sere dahil ‘wee 79 ied o vip ye GE whe aw 2 fegee, erst Ape 4 le TS vin. © ae 4 swabaeye 2 Dad { ‘4a (. 60 Saban nares Tao eam Aé al a MN) cela’ Ah Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Current Periodical Room Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 In the 1953 changes, this room was changed to a repository for Government Documents, and the Periodicals Department was moved into the west wing with the Newspaper Department. The 1959 plans, however, still call it the Periodical Room. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 106 _ q _ +. - Pal > Be AST oy, y 1 : i ‘ 1 ee ee : : PS thr Aas var . Aisa. 45 ieejperee Ji ootw oot s or bogie iene nae i? . 7 o tos abtantihdapoadl 3 asap . ° | ‘eich - Se VN A Sli i a ‘ ® s > a . peat ' - LOS 7 , S ieneteogeyt sot 1 Lys Sloe een aie MTL oa Ba) wi j ba - ? é | chs é ~ ase in an \ ¥ : ‘ : ! : i : ; oa ree t ns ; : a) 1 : A ; ae | ; ‘ " ae ; ; — ; ; _ 7 7 4 ed : a : Pal ns A. a . oF ae oe | A Se ties Ly 7 ie 5 7 AY - : - ——" i ; i © ie 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report dosha 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Boylston Street Driveway Boylston Street Driveway (a.k.a. Porte Cochere) 1990s Restoration Room No. 216 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Monograph 1895 1897 1898 1908 1959 1975 Plan as built in 1895 Driveway Duplicate Exchange & Driveway Driveway Driveway Periodicals Periodicals Periodical Room Government Documents Department Stacks N—- ieee, Pieces ak d} ! 4 | if in | : i ali! H tp % ae iy H 1} i | Hi ate — PRINTING putt li : OFFICE Tat {! =) | at se es sa ao \ * . ——" BOYLSTO SYREET ENTRANCE MIT & HALL 7 ! i meal (ec Pamnsl cigs 14 CURRENT 12! ae | PERIODICALS : | i N. ARCADE CORRIDOR y raslign e 6 pov MM... ENTRANCE nm: @ HALL @ H | {Pd AEA Chal Ei is oti llf CATALOGUE ROOM VESTIBULE oy es Seed _ pa ‘| : ie ! SSS SSE eos et —_——_—-— yeas ae Oh BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC CENTRAL LIBRARY, GROUND FLOOR Page 107 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Boylston Street Driveway Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose A covered driveway was originally placed in the center of the Boylston Street elevation behind the three iron gates that still grace the facade today. It provided a sheltered drop off location for patrons to enter and exit the library. It afforded direct access to the interior court, the Newspaper Room in the northwest corner of the building and to other rooms in the west wing. The need for more interior space, which arose almost immediately after the building opened, necessitated the enclosure of the carriage entrance to create another space for periodicals.” The remodeling was done by Jenney & Fox in 1898.'” This new Periodical Room, situated en suite with the new Newspaper Room and Periodical Rooms, was reached only through the Small Periodical Room. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The room was plainly finished with plaster walls painted a darker color below the picture molding, and white above. A simple plaster molding ran around the plaster coated Guastavino vaulted ceiling. Large windows, which formerly served as entrances, allowed in a great deal of light on the Boylston Street side as did the large arched windows on the courtyard side (fig. I-18). Fixtures and Furnishings Special oak reading tables were lighted with table lamps. Also around the walls, there were desks displaying periodicals for reading with wall lights mounted above them for the readers. In the center of the space, there were oak racks displaying the periodicals. A brass chandelier with multiple bulbs hung from the center of the ceiling for additional lighting. This chandelier is now hanging from the ceiling of the original small Periodical Room (215) next door. Library Alterations to 1909 No reported alterations were made in this period. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 108 a Sesaigabitlig \6s-ic ife td vent SAT * tS iteses siden ek ' lala ait ¢ fiare pis sie. cea tt iw ait ” HOR nd 7 1 Paar 2 he aha * eNO i amOGA ings hen; ott oll vi joieajrantl al ae me ay Cos hava thet. Leann Ne | vovatliyy alate bes ilarsith “Ata\a she vee ibe ait ro i 1 pralebey ofigiaeke ahs, Gide how babii) ) avy 7 este apie t ¥ ‘Fino bwliger oni ity on ot tt wegen gels e2 rd giles lenis teoey ap _“o reid = oie et Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Boylston Street Driveway Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 In the 1953 changes, this room was slated to be changed at least temporarily to the Maps Department. In the 1959 plans, however, it is still designated as a Periodical Room. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 109 ‘ s : lie wpuene joyel To bepinds tG ware sau A 4 a ' a a 7 a oe ; i : : wee 360/499 ob« (ii 2 a i e oo N . Ur nd . =i lis PY wy 5 ui 7 Pa Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bindery and Printing Office PpOsleo Bindery and Printing Office 1990s Restoration Room No. 218 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Stack Monograph Bindery & Women’s Room 1895 Bindery & Printing Office 1897 Bindery & Printing Room 1898 Bindery & Printing Department 1902 Patent Library 1908 Patent Library 1959 Patent Room Plan as built in 1985 N-> Hai Q, | | | i jst) i t i fhe = —o BOYLSTO! SYRECT ENTRANCE FIT 8 HALL t ENTRANCE @“@6 VESTIBULE CENTRAL LIBRARY. GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 110 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bindery and Printing Office Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose From the outset, the BPL had its own in-house Printing Office and Bindery located in the northwest corner of the Ground Floor. The Printing Office created cards for the card catalogues, finding lists, bibliographies and special catalogues. Small reported that the BPL owned a “Mergenthaler” type-setting machine or “linotype,” which was revolutionary because it set by lines rather than by individual letters."”’ The Bindery bound thousands of volumes each year including periodicals being moved to the stacks and books needing repairs. In addition to binding, backing of maps and illustrations and “‘inlaying’ manuscripts in leaves of a uniform size, in order that they may be bound and shelved as volumes,” was also done in the Bindery.” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Other than the dimensions 18-feet by 40-feet, no other descriptions of the original Printing Room have been found. The Bindery, 40-feet by 67-feet, was described in the 1895 Handbook as a “lofty, and amply lighted”"® Library Alterations to 1909 Purpose In 1902 the Bindery and Printing Department were moved out of the building, and the Patent Library was moved into these two rooms. The Patent Library, formerly housed in the small room adjacent to the Children’s Room on the Bates Hall Floor, was reported to contain a collection of patent publications that was “the best in this country outside of Washington.” By the time it moved into its new, larger space, it contained publications of the patent offices of the United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Canada, Victoria, Queensland, New South Wales, West Australia, and Italy. In addition, this room was used for viewing large volumes of bound newspapers kept in an adjoining room.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 111 ve fr eAfs ee An tl ivin * YD onal ’ wits 4 cw. bomen tS prea iP fi . Ee es | et eviguales on arte BP ction We i tie ay, 4 wi y tr pt 3" "Dc gityit my) fy - yeDew Lud “Lag Atadae Set on Dyer me qthodl ol < st cea bei” bas \uegiergnans le taire equa toe ’ © LOB. tv i4 O88 ern pad) 42 vob ar nee r = _ ore $b os a it q v i. : ie A . uP ; y Lew oe b> awed Stave id fee). fein gage sat - conten) ft ei lake dad. oc Ae oex pin Vi leptin © ens bt (amit mall egsag yas Vie Odie) Sees if hike toh woo yt aang oi 4-02 en ai see sas yong? Vi Boe Pieeeceadera? ti acl 4 (ewe), Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bindery and Printing Office Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes One photograph was found of this room after alterations were made to suit its new purpose (fig. I-89). In addition, drawings prepared by Jenney & Fox for the alterations are located in the BPL Drawing Archive.” One major change to the structure of the room was the addition of a gallery level. The gallery was on the courtyard side and spanned half the width of the room. The room had plaster walls and ceiling. The walls appear to have been painted darker at the bottom with a chairrail or painted tim separating the two colors. The floor appears to be terrazzo. The gallery had a wood paneled half-wall spanning between the square columns. Fixtures and Furnishings The furnishings were typical of the rest of the Library, long wood tables with Windsor chairs. For viewing the large bound newspapers, there were tables with angled surfaces. The flat tables had double-necked lights, and the angled tables had lights that were similar to bookshelf lights. There were double globed sconces mounted on the walls and on the columns at both levels. Rows of bookshelves were under the gallery and in the space below it. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 No published changes were made in these years. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 112 in ee noth yg pireretta ff 40.) poet A ssenad wi ter cep end ‘90 “ y — be iil aN Bigot Bye. | perry anf , s 7 res a 3 aw vs we of Be ‘Vitra ott cha wile Gid moot | ee > < ote a Eerie >= Abe, gioindet a ee Pte ec? ci cirri f : eo mew raisittalios un fasts i echt yetivesiy 90 ieee site i caabyil Miscis see abe iced i« srtiiucilon sat “ Sie re Le . “t Pe, Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.3.1.6 Catalogue Room 1990s Restoration Room No. 202 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Card Catalogue / Catalogue Monograph Cataloguer 1895 Catalogue Room 1897 Catalogue 1898 Catalogue & Shelf Department 1908 Catalogue & Shelf Department 1959 Open Shelf Department 1964 Open Shelf Department 1972 Microtext & Document Services Plan as built in 1895 | ' : | di ( aif BINDERY a | | Pp Ls PRINTING if OFFICE | | fi. f et) BOL. STOW Ss IREET ENTRANCE = olny - 20.25) oaiveway ff CURRENT PERIODICALS CENTRAL LIBRARY. GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Catalogue Room N—- Page 113 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Catalogue Room Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose Reached from the south corridor from the Main Entrance Hall, the southeast corner room on the Ground Floor, originally called the Catalogue Room, housed the department responsible for overseeing the card catalogue and producing finding lists for the Library. They also prepared bibliographies that were published for use nationwide.” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The Catalogue Room was the same size (45' x 81') and finished similarly to the Periodical Reading Room at the north end of the hall. The floors were terrazzo. A buff colored brick wainscot ran around the south and west walls and around the column bases in the center of the room. On the north and east walls instead of a wainscot, low built-in bookcases filled each bay between the pilasters. Above the wainscot and bookcases, the walls were plastered up to the Guastavino tiled ceiling. Although many of the ceilings in the building were of Guastavino construction, each had a different design. This ceiling consisted of eight shallow vaulted domes of terra cotta tiles installed in a concentric circle pattern. In addition to the entry door from the corridor, one could also enter the room through the Ordering and Receiving department or the service area next to it. Leather doors filled all three doorways (fig. I-20). There was a gallery with wood floors running along the west and south walls. The gallery was accessed by two staircases—a spiral stair in the southeast corner and a straight stair on the west wall. Large windows along the east and south walls provided ample daylight for the room. Fixtures and Furnishings In addition to smaller oak desks, this large room was filled with long oak working tables. Early photos also show Windsor chairs (some on wheels), stools, card catalogue cases and bookshelves scattered around the room. The original lighting consisted of brass sconces with round globes mounted around the bottom part of the columns and on the side walls. There were also shaded desk and table lamps and small shaded lamps atop the freestanding bookcases. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 114 wrt’ we. ebcee wee Goby orien’ nieke weit wen aergoia) sct7 to i’ or oie! bet anpeheeyras ae wets 1) vd hy: eg cow 180 ola a i uh enue Lmbi ru ign% | {* 10) eens fell A aime sates eect idl set ers ewok ean eo dane fest t! wenn Dus lew ow baw ete only Deiores pes te i edn weld Sree! ollew man Lug ebierer “seb ad amen niles 7 id boc, ea ove wh cher a sodty trortmteel quid vise bold we s.daed , Wieuis) yn iy «rev saa pele of beshbebcah bre a ‘ sh Mi F Pree hen prerny Waa Pig ae : sf winery isi elas VaTe tO cowcuals tasnltioy Weeds regio 4. PMID | 7, , oa i ere " met cient? : iv mbihbaal 7) ¢ wuyase 4aby wo far oe 7 ; fe cae wt te +5 7) + ‘yh, US Cor y) Po etal +) nes cai 4 WK ia ST ) iy, New (Teese: ie Weg apemecinne ' | : * a ai _ ) . i A dam ye alien Meath: acer soya r> @uy va» PA plodee lobe (00 be! *) bays & Tethys ee kt lig te vi a Sed byes Ame fo derte onlt grew wextt atau al rade htl ve Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Catalogue Room Library Alterations to 1909 In 1906, additional lighting was provided by simple brass fixtures mounted on brass bands around the middle of the columns. The sconces at the bottom of the column were not used anymore except to provide outlets for wiring desk lamps (fig. I-21). The Examining Committee called for improvement of the lighting again in 1920, but no record of changes has been found. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose In 1924, the Examining Committee, noting that it was impractical to house a department performing internal functions in such a prominent location in the building, recommended that the Catalogue Department be moved to the Annex to make space for the Children’s Room (then on the Bates Hall Floor). By 1930, the Catalogue Department was still located in its original location, and the Examining Committee again called for its removal to make room for a public use.'"* In the 1950s “modernization,” the Catalogue Room was one of the most drastically altered. After many years of urging by the Examining Committee, the Catalogue Department was moved out of this easily accessed location, and a new Open Shelf Department was created in its place. Milton Lord described the new department as the “equivalent of a large branch library or a small city or large town public library ... in attractively packaged form.” The ground floor room provided self-service bookshelves and browsing areas. The new department extended to the basement area directly beneath this room which housed a poetry corner, smoking area and soundproof listening booths.” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Although David McCord described the newly renovated spaces as a “world of plastics and indirect light," Milton Lord was pleased with their design. Beautiful rooms have been formed which are a joy in themselves, and entirely in harmony with both Mr. McKim’s building of the 1890s and the modern demands of the 1950s." A set of 1949 drawings by Ames, Child & Graves illustrated the changes made to this room.” The room was partitioned into three large spaces with two small offices at the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 115 (yyiac! mucid tees tty come exec aateet wiqente yet pon *i we jl 3) > waned wit) le aoa 9 “pint oft «4 ob) lieth ied ohne ws on sk SOE 2a neege ea ' g sete el et ba ete atl: KF teubi wiley ahi af 61 GOI Minas - nou ceeds, oft borat Ss) Sire ‘ ee writes 4 repehates’) al COE of. nal? Uae erat nit baa > MS AP Tien!) Se i ’ Li) futa. t, aren, Oty Me grt da HM | a oi ‘" ) agli: pierce) gave ov? is) A te, FR N | Dee - oe | ey ‘ik \roeteriAgeh 1 ae eth te Tyee 2 lied vel’ con ghew@be tye ao yo, Cire ae b oly. (ee) | gated A ihgprotyyd; wecrdt seocall Pyek varrrel Hy Oo; Mende my nH Bejoere 77 44 Ss agrideperte (HNN! me ahah 4q dkip” € Ga ev) igd lap eT: | speek thot Atawe Ben nt ca adh aka hdeeesphid a5 et ot ev tlborettals (rate is dal Sivan? aspera bis inewieenancsit be ail HR nae Ui atyy eral eta, val to i a © Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Catalogue Room south end. The largest space was designated as a general Open Shelf Department, and two smaller spaces were reserved as Young Adults and Adults browsing areas. One office at the south end was a work space, while the other was for Readers’ Advisors. In the center of the space, opposite the entry door, a sleek L-shaped charge desk was installed.” A new Stair on the north wall led from this level to the basement level. The old straight gallery stair was also altered to run perpendicular to the west wall rather than parallel to it, and another straight stair was added at the north end of the gallery. The spiral stair in the southeast corner was removed due to the shortening of the gallery on the south wall. The finishes in the room were also “modernized.” In addition to the new glazed partitions, the terrazzo floor was covered with “Rubber Tile” (linoleum). The ironwork of the gallery balustrade and stair railings was sheathed in blonde wood with a brass cap. New wooden bookcases replaced the original ones on the north and east walls, and additional freestanding bookcases were installed.’ A set of 1962 specifications relates that there was “damage from leakage” in one bay of the room on the east wall. The specifications direct to “repaint all of one side of the bay in order to conceal all damage.””” It is interesting to note that this damage is still visible today (fig. CI-10). Fixtures and Furnishings To correspond with the new modern design and concept of the library space, the furniture was also updated. In the Open Shelf area, there were bookshelves, while in the browsing areas there was comfortable furniture. Milton Lord inferred the superiority of the new “attractive living room furniture” distinguishing it from the old “formal library tables and chairs.””” New fluorescent lighting was provided, and the existing hanging fixtures were covered with brass boxes. No evidence was found to indicate when hanging fixtures were first installed, but they exist on the 1949 drawing. In 1972-73, upon the opening of the Johnson Building, which provided much more space for home borrowing shelves, the Open Shelf Department in the McKim building was converted into a storage area for the Microtext and Document department. The finishes of the Open Shelf Department still remain, albeit in deteriorating condition, and the room is now filled with shelving and storage cabinets. In addition to the changes in furniture, the staircase to the basement has also been closed. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 116 ina saeecuali tod? ag levee eet e ditew'> avon a utube, tne anhe . Deareh areal cant ed wt orate offi ee ee on 6 we ~ kelingekt tay ge38 suka eeendeteanae prt Aza: i Hire to all ioral oogeeg wie ad tend o) indie ‘ype om nw ngewe er! ay telaed ih one wll veep op pies eiteo ary tf . f lite set pa Vy hs gait occin avi “wan bowels wo mate ot ceeds at bSshore fy i eeseeseeek) "WT pyiicts ¥ inew cs epuwd (Pf ¢ Te ater O al bey a 1 eee bag ina poie AT Eee hd 0G eat ‘sou ‘ | i lipeeut SOUS Wes fae A °° bn Teer eee , aod 9 es ati rie wd) io «ot ooo AP aa des b spurl” ww t eer Wht gris bo 9) + Send tet i ) <4 issily el = inte a ope amd se satya rans “a. 2 ae 7 a rgehiernds owe wel é mal) be Ns rh ‘Me he tm) eric \ be . td 2” Gok ovale raped ¢) Meme atans babi an sind servi) pil gia eaielen al Dak ma rir omy atl tee sre beets “at 4g) rhon thet; Qabivent ee eb wees peal oe ii vit off nl Leer onl ind pt OF ‘ i a i] bak rH 7 é ‘ 5 -):* = » , : 5 “4 : 7 » rites teed se" liek i sit ; “ie | + aid ots hun 4 1 Lente ean: et Cpa seb ’ ier > ¥ ee ! : re fin q ae ; i) owacieds with ol paphedhlen 5) eae 3 erie 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Cooled Ordering Room 1990s Restoration Room Nos. 201, 239, 240 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Receiving and Ordering Monograph Receiving and Ordering 1895 Ordering Room, Service Corridor, Men’s Coat Room 1897 Ordering Room, Service Corridor, Men’s Coat Room 1898 Receiving and Ordering 1902 Receiving and Ordering 1908 Receiving and Ordering 1959 Children’s Section Open Shelf Department 1972 Microtext Department Plan as built in 1895 NEWSPAPER FILES e ° = E vi : ee ( a may BINDERY . oy =—— t | Fi uF l ! ae 7 PRINTING le dl ii i OFFICE af i mime § -—— BOY STON STREFT ENTRANCE y PTS aoa » =! CURRENT PERIODICALS CENTRAL LIBRARY. GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Ordering Room N— Page 117 Th wert 4) yw = fap Fate Jobirat) aos dacbgingl? tevin. aden, / ane it iver PL F an p ete PF bso 1~ - «© Sa, SO re pee Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Ordering Room Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose The Ordering Room was originally the space reached by walking straight down the south corndor to its south end. The Ordering Room housed the Library’s department that ordered, examined and listed new additions to the Library’s collection. Across a wide corridor, there was a male employee’s coat room and lavatory. | Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Beyond the original drawings, there is one photograph documenting the original condition of this room. Not open to the public, the 41-foot by 55-foot room was plainly decorated. McKim’s original plans seem to have been carried out (fig. D-15). The drawings called for a terrazzo floor, a buff Indiana limestone mantel on the north wall, and built-in bookcases on the north and east elevations. There were four small windows looking onto Blagden Street in the south wall and windows looking into the corridor in the north wall. The room was separated into two spaces by a wall with a large opening.” The ceiling was made of painted Guastavino tiled arches supported by a single square column. Fixtures and Furnishings The photograph of the room shows several simple wooden desks, Windsor chairs, card catalog cases, a large work table, and bookcases. Tracks for the book railway are suspended from the ceiling coming from the direction of the first floor stacks (fig. I-22). Library Alterations to 1909 In 1898 the Ordering Department doubled in size to encompass the space formerly housing the service corridor, men’s coat room and lavatory. Plans label this newly created space the Receiving and Ordering Department. The Guastavino ceiling spanned the entire space supported by more square columns. Decorative brass fixtures with glass shades hung from the center of each vault, and the typical double armed desk lamps also provided artificial light. Movable furnishings included wooden desks and chairs and at least one long table. Bookcases and card catalogue cases lined the north and east walls (fig. 1-23). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 118 vixgene yoRllaw al ethics 9, i wi oy © rum sake Capneaat most d ,»,etyrod 9 “eur. ) od are vie cre! bate um eg p va mn : ae sae Ps ‘f pid MPT PPAAR eh hari te ote wht. Dy iytele OR AY all f i) a eur brut? Ty = A } i ° }om9i j y j an ‘ ‘ veut vi Lice t De hily gers j i? ' yw b Vir Tea Weil Bor yas © fa ae 4 any ")- ar] Vee let ict deen? oft olaéeer) thee 7 uy vite) salt ho Neallioih erie rs i a rei nie me a ale 6) DOT \Oy eel éieal) . (eeu aap, aay wh) bere g dion ovfbain dof ite wits Gie poyralt ork iejal is a ead wae Hreaneigeteg “woes Incarger old | a Ginsa nel ‘e clergt. oof Polnstythap i ‘729 y (rel nee | Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Ordering Room Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose In the 1950s “modernization,” the Ordering and Receiving Room became the Children’s Room of the new Open Shelf Department. After years of urging, the Examining Committee’s recommendation to move the Children’s Room to a more accessible location than the Bates Hall Floor was finally heeded. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes David McCord described the newly renovated room as “modern with low-ceiling, brilliantly lighted, efficient—though at startling variance with what we have just left [Entrance Hall].”"” No written description or photographic evidence has been found, but the drawings prepared by Ames, Child & Graves in 1951 provide details for the alterations. As in the Catalogue Room, the terrazzo floor was covered with rubber tiles. New wooden bookcases were installed around the bottom portion of the walls. Above the bookcases, new plaster walls on metal furring were erected. The recesses in the north wall were filled in, and a small office, separated from the larger space by a glass and wood partition, was created in the southeast corner of the room.” Fixtures and Furnishings The furniture was most likely similar to the new furniture installed in the Catalogue Room, like living room furniture, and the same fluorescent box fixtures were hung from the ceiling. When compared to the old Children’s Room, McCord explained that “there is not majesty in this room, but there is more radiant cheerfulness than in the old room on the second floor.” In 1972-73, upon the opening of the Johnson Building, which provided much more space for home borrowing shelves, the Children’s Room was converted into the Microtext and Document department. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 119 ” bate ight ws, ve pork rere Glin neil Prt, oth #) rire! yee” t2HA / ‘ye mise Aw 7 re a 1 nin x / " ( hw > ft é @ e-.) (niin ae" a erence wqepig. (Palit Sy! oa vette endthiliog 1 | her Jeoment" wit evil Sormpung dee ang eae Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Grand Staircase Hall 7.3.1.8 Grand Staircase Hall 1990s Restoration Room No. 207 Use/Name Changes of Room 1895 to present Grand Staircase Hall Plan as built in 1895 N-> NEWSPAPER FILES ° e ° eo f= } wi i | L —_{ | Il a _ PRINTING 1] iT ; OFFICE Vi | |! pot eee -—— BOYLSTON SYREET ENTRANCE & hee HALL DRIVEWAY i: : CURRENT PERIODICALS ENTRANCE @ HALL t CENTRAL LIBRARY, GROUND FLOOR BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 120 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Grand Staircase Hall Library as Completed in 1895 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes In August 1889 Batterson, See, & Eisele were contracted to construct the Grand Staircase Hall with Siena marble for a fee of $69,173. Frederick P. Hill, an associate of McKim at the time of building explained McKim’s obsession with the staircase construction. He said that McKim ... did not want any pains nor time spared in making it as nearly perfect as was possible, despite the fact that even at that time the expenses on the work had exceeded the total amount of the 919 commission. As built, the entrance to the Staircase Hall was a large marble caissoned arch. On each side wall of the arched opening there was a small rectangular niche ornamented with caissons of Echaillon marble. A single stair ascended to a landing where it separated to either side and turned upward. At the landing, three large arched windows allowed streams of light into the grand two-story space, and a heavy oak double door opened to a balcony overlooking the courtyard. In the same wall as the balcony door were two small rectangular windows that also looked into the interior court. Around the side walls of the Staircase Hall there was a highly polished yellow Siena marble wainscot and Corinthian pilasters that supported marble arches. These arches framed plaster panels that were eventually filled with Puvis de Chavannes’ murals (fig. I-24). The stair treads were constructed of French ivory-gray Echaillon marble mottled with fossils, and the landing was inlaid with geometric shaped patterns of red Numidian marble. The yellow Siena marble wall panels, balustrade, and arches surrounding the Puvis de Chavannes panels, however, were clearly the focal point of McKim’s design. The staircase panels and stiles began at the bottom of the staircase in darker tones of yellow and saffron, gradually fading to lighter tones at the top. The darker marble at the bottom was Monte Riete, a marble that came only from a quarry owned by monks who used no machinery to quarry the stone. Even with manual removal methods, the monks rarely removed stones, so the supply was extremely limited. McKim’s specification to match the coloring and markings and to obtain the gradual lightening of the panels decreased the acceptable supply even more. After the marble was gathered from various yards across the country, it had to be cut and carefully inspected. Hill related that the majority of the pieces were rejected. The hardship of this process on those involved in the construction was related in a letter from Batterson, See, and Eisele to McKim dated June 1894. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 121 ” ors eo Mk . ween: of hts | te .¢ heeled i ‘ pe oF Ua » +? > ae. ste hur ng’ weer ' <<) H ag i 640% : ( c v8 i , reid) © ca tin! + ve Ty 1 23S) Sou ; ks car abet ie 2] Vue fo 4 Ae mw lta DAFind ay ! Prov Wa 1 peers ’ ry Heiden? > ty i Behe v ae 2 Po? 3) aleve ae wer G sii fella Py perverse et nit o treating Daeg alee ») os , pea “ith foe whe Wace 2 (sir 9 oh : Tit) lareal set oh abet A a Sond teh yews gal bb. f aglinh . oad, hak ET cays ele ome a ih ar eo was ward w+ colin -tet TS Oaablenayy sci be eat era ; fay be Way: oxky AM, hel Ps eee foam qu poe vc) es oie te ie soikeaal ; dete. Ci ett ae ate ab peter al vbue ar-rTSe Shove te) Pee ee covunap ae ab rt a] ie ees Oe ulglos A Leary WOW gts (ate “aft to Lanhrth Ae keg i | El Saar) learnt sieeniniel vel Edy rea Pe aha 4 : ‘ 14 i, oe 5 i i \ 3 ie : is f s * ‘ 7? i eter, _ ee 7 i 5 bg a 7) if » > e. / 4 a ‘ r 4 we ne 7 7 J Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Grand Staircase Hall Please grant us a payment on account of Marble Work in the Boston Public Library.... As you are aware we had to buy about ten times the quantity of stock required for this job, to pick stock of the desired color from. It necessitated the outlay of a great deal of money and if you would kindly grant us a payment of ten or twelve thousand dollars it would help us along very much.” The staircase took a total of sixteen months to construct, but the resounding praise McKim received may have justified his perfectionism. Just after the staircase was finished, Augustus St. Gaudens wrote to McKim, “We were completely bowled over by it; it is a splendid piece of work and even as it is, without the paintings of Puvis, I know nothing to equal it.”’"* At the opening of the Library, the Boston Globe called it “the great gem of the entire building.” Frederick Hill, a protégé of McKim’s, was also pleased with the outcome of the stairhall. ... nowhere in the world is there a more beautiful piece of marble work of this type. Mr. Mchim had again shown his guiding principle and striven for the best with an utter disregard for what it meant ; : 216 in effort, time and cost. Most recently, Jordy praised McKim’s stairwell also. ... the effect as a whole of the beautifully matched and detailed marble, and the majestic ease of the ascent, to be contrasted with the arduous climbs in many comparable beaux-arts buildings, make the : ert 215 stairway the cynosure of the interior.” ’ The plaster ceiling is coffered with heavily modeled rosettes and Renaissance styled borders. Painted by Elmer Garnsey in ivory with light blue in the deepest recesses, the ceiling complemented the blues and greens of the Puvis murals on the walls.” Fixtures and Furnishings None of the early descriptions noted a chandelier or light fixture in the stairhall, nor do any show in the early photographs. Artwork: Louis St. Gaudens’ Lions (Puvis murals are included in Staircase corridor section) At the landing, where the single stair splits and stairs run up the north and south sides of the hall, two large pedestals supported lions sculpted by Louis St. Gaudens. The sculptures were commissioned by the 2nd and 20th Massachusetts Regiments. St. Gaudens proved difficult to work with, frequently changing his mind about the terms of the agreement, but his lions were finished by September 1889 and installed in 1891." The lions, although of Siena marble like the rest of the Staircase Hall, were unpolished and took on a matte gray finish. Augustus St. Gaudens and McKim actually wanted them to be polished and even offered to provide funding if the Regiments could not afford the 220 expense. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 122 ' h ; 7 i : : | ; z < oe » c “i SE het Sell eed oh Se See nena eee Sw ph Ape e es fae Ques Sn, itt alcunwe Ate Hite ait on nae po ee tote eM i Olhreon daeey YE Anta! ae Wis fant FHP SY > Ce RE Adal ee “— a re give mu as ”) (iiyeee 1 - ar = cer =i a mn a "a ; . Pi Yael Bas CONES TO Ue Ai Ghee i wodletodl vate grees aay jolene seer? enllinel 7 1 Dy nd (ahaa aie we tase wut cam be Ver a Whit} 4 ay toca) ay f The ec ua” by sil sy) (any a) 4 De ea ee NE oe St he ay DA ita he wr AE hart jai anne . Eo Sh = i ‘ Pre > ters 1e& , al io ete >) LTH Wie avian petted tel ene ory * eyvain pe {0 Soret, att j wi by on) i wares § “) ctrng 9 ; hike bay rected? part to shape ly hE | FFs seal el eovtwonent ee > rahe atieae | ‘te pron erly qu. ait-euless nase Z itis) 0 ned wd ‘rapes ded > , OT AE AD gaps ip hws dpa & 6 0G dante Seitey piel gee atts ode rs! oil) (evOhapeeeel tle SHS Velen otyesy oe 0 an aoe ae Pratlonkginap 29900 Rit snpneh eit len a i cies , Hs a ch Thais Oo huew Marre cet id tale eae 7 boa out salons A ald moe mal bei ati omnia at ss Ul 77 ) he ane Oar Be yy i ae Be At 4 it ait Pre hae 7 ir’ 7 ' wr ‘> ° : A Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Grand Staircase Hall St. Gaudens expressed his thoughts in a letter to McKim. I have been seriously considering the matter of the lions and have come to the conclusion now that the hall is complete and all the Sienna marble set that the lions would become much more harmonious as well as imposing if polished ... I write to you feeling sure that the improvement would n22l be so great that if possible an effort should be made to get an appropriation for this purpose. McKim agreed. Being in Boston last week, I was more than ever impressed with the importance of polishing the lions and with the fact that at present they are a discordant element in color and treatment with the 999 remainder of the hall... In this letter, McKim asks Augustus St. Gaudens to write to Mr. Ropes, personally, to try to convince him to polish “or at least partially polish” the sculptures. The men of the regiments, however, were so impressed with the lions as they were, they could not imagine them to be any better with polishing. This morning a number of us, representing both regiments, went into the Public Library to see the lions. We were delighted with the lions, but we were without exception all of opinion, that they could not possibly be improved by any treatment that we could conceive of ... the wonderful impression of alertness, vitality and energy produced by these statues would be very likely to be seriously impaired, if they were made, by polishing, of the same color as the marble pedestals on which they were set. Other critics were not so impressed by the sculptures. Walker called them “over-detailed” in a pose that was “not especially dignified.”™’ Jordy described them as having a “stuffed- doll quality” detracting from the overall effect of the Staircase Hall.™ On the pedestals beneath each lion, bronze lettered inscriptions commemorated the officers of each regiment who served in the Civil War (fig. I-25). Library Alterations to 1909 The Staircase Hall has remained virtually the same since its completion. Several small changes in the fixtures have occurred. In 1903, two light standards were moved from Entrance Hall to the platforms on either side of the staircase where they still sit today.“ Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 In the 1921 Handbook a spherical chandelier with cut glass is mentioned.” A 1952 drawing entitled “Maintenance of the Large Luminaire,” illustrates a large spherical luminaire designed by Rambusch Decorating Company of New York.” It is this BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 123 ri Aghé 3d 1S ae | ree Swit apes erag BOG ore’ wit re fen @oatrsd CArew Feed o; Py WH? en) oA Ne EGP Gain ew > Lit he <8 nel oreee fam de lee 4.46 oO QA A RAY Pore) See ee ro tw ' wy ‘al Ve Ate te OND G ; X hove eer ol) tite hee re Zz evan pet x pod: © esl: “Aaiw thalhion 2: cas oe adap at Avy Jeol, i ied nes ‘oboe # eAaaiae ines ‘wee Me | yoilLesumi aa Bee Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall Floor 7.3.2 Bates Hall Floor The Bates Hall Floor, second floor of the Library, contains grand public spaces reached from the corridor decorated with the wall murals of Pierre Puvis de Chavannes. Bates Hall, the public reading room is a two-story barrel arched space that extends the full length of the east elevation of the building. Originally, the second floor also housed the Delivery Room, decorated with the wall paintings of Edwin Abbey, the Patent Library, decorated with the ceiling mural of John Elliott, and the Children’s Room. In addition, the original Newspaper Room, shortly to become the Lecture Hall, was originally on this floor. The non-public spaces included, the Librarian’s Office and Delivery alcove (later Issue Department) located behind the Delivery Room, and the stacks, located in the southwest corner of the plan. In addition, rooms located on Entresol B were accessed from this floor. These included the Trustees’ Room, Trustees’ Ante Room, and Trustees’ Waiting Room. Most of the changes that occurred on this floor over the years involved the use of the rooms, not the physical layout of the plan. Most physical changes occurred in 1898. The Librarian’s Office and Delivery Alcove were changed to the Issue Department. This change involved the removal of a wall, installation of new counters and cabinets, and replacement of the old pneumatic tube system with a new, more efficient one. The Librarian’s Office was then created in the stacks, where two other small offices were created as well. In 1898, the Lecture Hall was created in the room originally housing the Newspaper Collection. This involved alterations in the furniture, the installation of a stage and related sound equipment. Other minor changes included removal and addition of galleries in the original Patent Library (then Small Children’s Room) and the Patent Room in the west wing. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 125 ce 4 7 > aA tHe a 2 ER LIDIT-\! ) roo) Jona aildur re a ee es amt eal bine rnie Wiad ous 4b Seated be alana ila vitiw. | Par A ae porrctianen 7 nA ward? Cucoece tol) same Deities lovee ted oy Evvatiost cle act dalee tng yl silinoug itd vere fl rane f aos aid COWS 8G ay Otel atl «welled tlh heh ae hi) Sehpito ate JM oreena) ode sonnel o/h wore) ate Die aC) 2 cuted a S40 Settee) ow onl bis arene bo AD heya eld pads Jomerssny { iLO) PG et onek, RMT see8 NED PRATT stocirvilny 3 zi yp ore; vine) Ol) Ow Soy hoe teh’ bo pepe areal bo acvell Wiet'> end weir e ef i te 914 oti oma ed eee h Lhcrehy grids) emery Law I wei? M/A Ge ee om ciorng ytieyt>ty mt) Ores We SSO) Gai awilir ruswih he Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies Hesezek Puvis de Chavannes Gallery—2" Floor Staircase Corridor Pompeiian and Venetian Lobbies 1990s Restoration Room No. 402, 403, 404 Use/Name Changes of Room 1895 to present Puvis de Chavannes Gallery—2"° Floor Staircase Corridor Pompelian and Venetian Lobbies Plan as built in 1895 N-> sw ow ew q = READING ROOM t ii i {hoe sec ts aw a : Gore SoS ek ic ia thet en oars NEWSPAPER t ee ARCADE ROOF t [ 4 t ewe diwuwe & wu = ii taj ite ie esis tee) ees bbl 42S, A Pats = So BATES HALL CENTRAL LIBRARY. BATES HALL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 126 ines de ‘ra : yee cue ONers 3 in, TF Fo eilice wham que: eS ieee! Og Pi oh iy ae | ~wihthe . > & = | i | i ‘ A i late ‘. leet =e ye! a" 1 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies Library as Completed in 1895 Physical Description Architectural Details At the culmination of the grand stair, the viewer arrives at a corridor where he must turn to enter either the Delivery Room to the nght, the Children’s Room to the left, or Bates Hall in the center. The corridor completes the journey up the yellow Siena marble Staircase Hall with an arcade of Siena marble Corinthian columns mounted on a low parapet wall of the same yellow marble (fig. I-27). The floor and wainscot were originally of white Istrian marble with patterns of yellow Verona in which large visible fossil shells could be seen.” The walls and ceiling were of plaster. The large rear wall of the corridor was covered with Puvis de Chavannes’ mural, Les Muses Inspiratrices Acclament Le Genie Messager de Luminaire painted on canvas and mounted to the wall. Jordy criticized the design of the staircase corridor in contrast to the Grand Staircase Hall: Having traversed the path from the portal through the entrance hall, and up the stairs with uncommon ease for such a monumental scheme, the viewer’s trouble begins. There is no climax at the head of the stairs, either spatially or functionally. The corridor fronting Bates Hall is too tight to direct us unerringly to McKim’s climax. The formal symmetry of the plan tells us where we should go; but the space does not make it sufficiently comfortable to head unquestioningly to the destination for which the architects planned. The vaulted plaster ceiling springs from the columns of the arcade and from corbel on the opposite wall. Puvis’ large mural is the focal point of the corridor. It dictated the decoration of the ceiling and end walls for which there was much deliberation before a final decorative scheme was adopted. There was concern over the effect that the color of the ceiling and end walls would have on the mural. Although, at first, the ceiling was “tinted” by a Mr. Koos, Chavannes’ “trusted collaborator,” these spaces were eventually entrusted to Elmer Garnsey, who had painted the ground floor corridors. It is likely that the first tinting of the ceiling was a temporary measure to alleviate the contrast between the white plaster and the soft tones of Puvis’ mural. A letter from G. E. Wolters, Superintendent at the Library, to McKim suggested this. > The tint that Mr. Koos will put on the ceiling is the same which Mr. P. de Chavannes used as a background for the painting, when on exhibition; it is a purplish yellow, which evidently will harmonize quite well with the color of the ceiling of the staircase. Mr. Koos will finish Monday morning and if you have no objection, I will be over there and arrange at once for the tinting of the ceiling according to his instructions ... the present white color [of the ceiling] contrasts harshly with the painting. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 127 aoe on. vi i : ie € a Deena THe JP 7" ie! ofc dee ‘mig wo 5 : bb rie rae one wile Are yre ra “it he ie 1 own eos carers eet wea’? pl by 7th Mite BrhorettotT F 4 we . Ot ult hte age eee oh may eal i? io Hex we4 “1 Sen haat on ns vied hai R oe tenet 2) Eg ve v New whi 6) De ue how ’ F oa, ‘ 4! nce epsnas Mi 7 rity nl) a ierad., SAPS IS PIN Otte Wig ete 7 Uierend ~~" Wee wer wt Sea a ubot! wath’ tobe 4 | Alte Tat Fides 455 iy dy ey ewer coy wt i wwe eee lee , yan) finn sbecee ll ye A oe wt Ty a “nyu ed wit Wa Seen} T wokne at ‘hi guT Seve Wore; W J68) AS OF 298) oe aoe ot lie 34s tee pee inet geo ety (eucge sa | meen *lia pity Moael ef: vgs “pat atari proewin’ Mem wh agin aa airede ptt vatlo ?7_2)..4 anise & eter wivit Sete ie 4» Pep wean ew.) Sh es snap marten ad i it ew’ dey date aedlew iy! q detent? Pihele Un 08 a aiaaaieee hare eye Son ei Ww! & + Me eae EN eaten habe; UP ptn? Arnamgngn | gpulisy iO dail Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies An entry in the Trustees minutes on October 15, 1895, indicates that the authorization was given to paint the ceiling.”’ The next year, correspondence between Elmer Garnsey, Frederick Hill, and McKim suggest that repainting was done. On December 15, 1896, Hill wrote to McKim: Mr. Garnsey and I have been going into the matter of the ceiling and end walls as carefully and thoroughly as possible before the work is actually done. As regards the ceiling I think we are starting in perfectly safe lines, but as regards the end walls there seems to be more to be said. The necessity of the side panels (paintings) being “tied in” with the large painting seems to grow. It would be wrong as well as useless, to try to paint some special thing there, but we both think that there is a safe compromise,—namely, of painting in a sketchy (pardon the word) way, “rrdure, ” somewhat of the character of those in the large painting, the ones over the upper left hand corner of the door leading to Bates Hall— These are scarcely more than indicated and our idea is to make it a treatment of color rather than of form, the arrangement of the mass being the particular thing—This I have very carefully considered and am firmly convinced would be a good and satisfactory way of treating the end walls and would not be invading M. de Chavannes’ province which should not be thought of for a moment, naturally.™ Garnsey also wrote the following to McKim about the proposed scheme: I venture to suggest that the wall spaces on either side the large Chavannes decoration at the ends of the hall, may be brought into relation with the marble and M. Chavannes’ compositions by painting in grey tones suggestions of his laurel thickets, which occur on either side the door leading into Bates Hall. These would not be attempts to “complete” or to “carry around” this scheme in any way but would simply be modifications of the grey ground which must be supplied in these spaces. The enclosed sketch may explain my notion better, and I trust you will kindly let me know if you approve the suggestion.~ Garnsey’s suggestions were approved and he was paid $1,000 for painting the ceiling and end walls in January 1897.” Now the ceiling and walls appear to be similar to what he described in his letter. The ceiling is painted in mottled tones of tan. Around the edge of each ceiling there is a trim of green laurel branches like the foliage in the mural itself. A wreath of laurel branches adorns the middle of each ceiling bay as well. The side walls surrounding the marble door arches are treated like the ceiling but in a darker color scheme, similar to the colors of the top register of Puvis’ large mural. Fixtures and Furnishings Originally, there was a small ceiling fixture installed in each ceiling bay. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 128 entients. Gig we ili » c@adba! AOR at | Peder tik) Tees 148 *os Vibe sO, et 20) ET vp fmeret)] af) 4nsk sew Daal d a Ap ‘thr tp eg alley Bee oes ere wile ly iret Nena va dt) pions a A, ae od ‘y } My 98s CF Ci) ee iL die ei) Andina, wl ; a1 eniney nd jae: wtih “i “At da) feel. 4) one A ov eh eft wedran: wd y (nid 6@ eee rt) tay co RAF RA tr ad od ire Se we @eia eed “ ><) ey il eels ey sdeereiale ons soa bop at — au = ¥ insane ins ira alas Wem ath ict! Cnn rie 7 sls a lla ae aii ke , tA Gbk en “— alae tare “ulema an biel Pigcxiy « ute LaF wri: va? a itceevaey A) (MME, TE tet cesar eal Pai 9 Bis eel Vee rum Cl an vee git Darron © ah he Seilithil etit aneiae me hail ide. ols eRgeal j } ° ‘ yr 62 res ' we oa iS? a0) wai hyse . Pris ees Lies Fes ‘x, ai i ma ehh & Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies Artwork: Puvis de Chavannes Murals Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, widely known for his mural decorations at the Hotel de Ville, the Sorbonne, and the Pantheon in Paris, was contracted by the Trustees on May 25, 1893, to paint the rear wall and eight panels of the Grand Staircase Hall for the sum of 250,000 francs.” Although the Trustees’ intention was to include only American painters in the decorative scheme of the Library building, an exception was made for Puvis, described as “almost if not quite the most distinguished of living French painters.””” his contemporary account, Herbert Walker explained the justification for Puvis’ commission: In There has been regret expressed that a foreign artist should have been given this commission while there are able Americans, but the fact remains that very few, if any, American painters have been trained, or had the opportunity to be trained, in decorative work of this character, and while the last decade has shown that there are men amongst their ranks who have strong decorative sense and would be capable of much excellent mural work, the importance of these panels warranted the trustees iE selecting an artist who it is acknowledged is one of the greatest decorative painters of the century. Working from his studio in France, and having never seen the Library building, Puvis was provided with a model, photographs, and dimensions of the stairhall and corridor, as well as samples of the yellow Siena marble that lined the walls. So that he could be sure the panels would look night once installed in the building, Puvis reportedly painted them and framed them into a mock wooden arch imitating the marble arches in the building in color and design.” The large rear wall mural was installed in the end of 1895 followed by the eight stairhall panels one year later. There were some problems encountered when installing the large mural. A letter from Wolters to McKim related that air blisters formed in areas between the canvas and the wall. To remedy this, small cuts were made in the canvas and putty was inserted into the voids. He explained why this condition occurred: The reason for this trouble, which did not occur to any extent in the mounting of the other paintings, was attributed by the men employed, to the fact, that Mr. Chavannes’ canvasses were not painted on the back, as those of Messr. Sargent and Abbey. The dry canvass [sic] absorbed part of the oil in the white lead putty [mounting material], thus drying it too quick and preventing it from adhering tightly to wall and canvass. a For his subject matter, Puvis chose the appropriate theme of the branches of human knowledge. The large rear panel, entitled Les Muses Inspiratrices Acclament Le Genie Messager de Lumiere, or The Muses Welcoming the Genius of Enlightenment, is primarily painted in soft blues, greens and tans with silvery-white outfitted muses in the foreground. The BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 129 by ee : ie eae bse Sal oe Matats pets a ecb ames Lenesinn eae Salt ok = 77 on a oy = owl? me. opotanT eh vb beieinieee ie Sa ‘ pms : wate a neem? ny 2.9 —— apis — 7) milf i Pe rt, 0) aoe Gert wil v1 ntact nae eae HER etl nl dub 2 isl bine x ¢ - . "*' wendia doe n4 ssetv tl bey beng eoenitelgs pipe 5 meg om I ‘ners i'l tol a beglieet ad? baal a ro Tee 4. ’ Ae - n o eye Me wie os er \ Tl ule vic Th rev pent Bay senty Mie “eet anh ad P | i> aw (oe vials a " ae wy Mer nrret 2 se ‘ eo > wl bw > yeh ee? Gy) doe A gy OG 6 Ae ae wt’ an , : bom Ve VI OOe Oldest wrod) an Ta, . ma end ; S ss ay) ys ais Ky wees Bi in t ? Ww i aes weg els Ve ee ae ane Wi 7 co ; ny tl ¢ audi wees even Bale ct CAMARA Whisies i mah taney sebvinge ety onal rw arlecrgatentay .bsbo: adie iron engl ol Ness vont bent anaes can ote . ayer vir “dtellviong ofl eb i? Ghevto ie sidtets ati eee to hal sr td yale 28 f lo brs 2 4 i Wai asa OF teint coe ony % ed teed tia Loh bore - > tel? i shnid Sele ary Teale. ‘fer pba Balti orices “fp yr’ 1D Vin ax eare AY i be! ihe ore Viet ey mecrasotue.) we uh) oye ay om Svante aids Arig yoyo gir eg eat all AH wie bos Neo aertidey glued ,? a4 Se harmul i Sioa eed 30 siete . Toda iPr? ~, Deel A, winteiigeh anni’ ye intel, ‘lan Pe! & Lorvatremagioadh vo eaten) al sl Acvurguyal et oi ant bandipey Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies 20-foot high by 40-foot long composition is of the nine muses welcoming the Genius of Enlightenment atop the summit of a hill covered with green grass and heather. A horizontal band of blue sea runs across the mural above the green hill. The Genius of Enlightenment, represented by a naked boy, is in the center of the composition directly over the door to Bates Hall. With wings outstretched, he holds rays of light over his head. The nine muses approach him on either side of the doorway. The 1978 Library handbook said that this composition “uplifts the imagination with a breadth and grandeur that sets the aspirational theme of the Library’s program.”*” The Staircase Hall panels represent the subdivisions of letters and science. The color scheme of the panels is the same as that of the large mural—mainly blues, greens, and neutral whites. A brief description of each panel follows: Philosophy: Plato and a disciple stand in the foreground of a garden in Athens. In the distance the Acropolis and Parthenon command the painting. Astronomy: Scantily clad Chaldean shepherds stand on a rocky parapet observing the shining stars above. Behind them is a tent from which a woman peers. History: A woman, history personified, stands upon the steps of a ruined temple with uplifted hand to unfold the secrets of the past. A naked youth bearing a book and torch of science is next to her. Chemistry: A fairy with a wand stands in a rocky recess. A spirit carries a geological hammer and stands among rare minerals which he has broken up for a mineral chemistry experiment. A decaying skeleton of a beast rests in a hollow in the ground. Physics: A woman typifying good news touches an electrical wire with one hand and holds up a branch of laurel with the other showing electrical connection and victory. Her sister, dressed in a gloomy robe passes through the air rapidly behind her. Pastoral Poetry: Virgil stands in front of a clump of slender trees in a landscape of beauty. Two shepherds stand in the distance behind him. Dramatic Poetry: Aeschylus sits upon the edge of a cliff overlooking the sea. In the distance, a rock rises from the water upon which a scene from the play Prometheus Bound is occurring. Prometheus lies shackled upon the rock naked and being eaten by a vulture who circles above. Oceanides rising from the water float about in the air. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 130 BOR le iY: hata bau pee 4 WW Aim? aly geanely amemann. ake. sala (A wade at line Say seduced ‘aruswprs MAG ahs rh nes ae Me ahsrh Vad! ih owtpe-adl seed | ve be tel bieaiil~ 4/4 othe rests er Tes Auise acl al Ai i veg a ad alts _ — , ka ted a 7 he Wc, ibs & 4. ayy ohie rood nad yest 1 wee JO ie a Vee] urls ey an atis 7 Q; idle Mn oytal g F ; a ¥ ” ' Vl aa ~ Awe een wo eh 5 at bh | ae ’ out ; ey i oe mais Nf : adie vil hoe | hotny il, elu Set y nef rece ka A sasha ag 6if Moriah ' jicye & teuy oY Se oar ae ale Dlpecs ar bit onal & ag | ) Aa (eee sania te see Peis ‘~ NY; i Mites i2 (Pit Day toe -e. Terie oA? dae: pate Ce? © (Lee PSs 'h chat oly 1a Mislead Sogeng Uh ol gine on Mile aie ogi sal Aaa re 0 pe i wheat pated, oly CHA? mn apisheven Tepe oi : peat at : 7 ups pied ee iert salto is <1 aT ie Cc sh aoe c 4 » a Mt Wrowtls ty ive eat ; i”, f a} i q ah i P Raia iss We il 7 , Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies Epic Poetry: Homer is seated upon a stone by the roadside with a staff and lyre laid beside him on the ground. Two female figures personify Iliad and Odyssey—the former wears a helmet and carries a spear and the latter has an oar.” McKim was highly impressed with the murals. In a letter to John Singer Sargent, McKim expressed his satisfaction: The Chavannes work is superb in its stately proportions and high ideals carried out with a breadth that easily makes him a master of his art. The public have hailed it by common acclaim. He has made it his staircase rather than that of McKim, Mead & White and I am sure that it cannot fail to deeply impress you. Modern interpretations of the work are mixed, however. While critical of the murals, Whitehill liked the architecture. These allegories of L’Espirit humain, executed in the pale blues, the greens and the white, dear to their creator in a neo-Grec mood that still recalls the pre-Raphaelites, carry less conviction than the : : 245 architecture, or the marvelously selected panels, the columns, and the pilasters of Siena marble. In contrast, Jordy commended the murals despite his criticism of the architecture. He wrote, “Puvis’s work ranks among the outstanding examples of mural decoration in the country [U. S.], the distraction of McKim’s frame notwithstanding.”*” Library Alterations to 1909 In 1902 Fox & Gale reported that there was possibly heat damage on the “Philosophy” panel in the Staircase Hall. This matter was referred to the City of Boston Committee on Art. According to an article in the Journal of the Amencan Institute for Conservation, this panel had a history of structural problems as well. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 The 1929 Trustees’ Annual Report says that the murals were cleaned that year. An article written by conservators from the Straus Center for Conservation at the Fogg Art Museum relates that the first documented conservation of the murals was in 1930 by Charles Durham. The Fogg report states that in Durham’s restoration, a protective surface of egg whites combined with other ingredients was applied giving the paintings a “slight gloss.” In 1933 the Examining Committee reported that the murals needed attention again.” In 1940, L. Arcadius Lyon cleaned the murals with a solution of castile soap and water. The egg white coating had an unsatisfactory response to this treatment. He chose not to continue with stronger cleaning methods for fear of damaging the paint layers. Finally, an undocumented restoration was done in 1953 by Finlayson Brothers.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 131 fae eet Lice Wars « sw aisha ae Ft: vs me! #) , bal & one id (TAN eeny & y, Pipe lad ™ } a ob roaual et Driae TA bvdy wh eben cat be i a iene og 3 | ree 6% ih a. 4 ‘af a 9 de — 4 i, * =) HU t 4% rr ‘ i ch 4 ] u i Rig yim B hi Hie tl iit pores? i Lo bap SY as ye’ WA i eo ha , iwh Awe ite; Late eS Seve pare shh Re Pe gid col) it HIN “ +d Delp ' ot FONT) gn) ee) harman iy sity ag ‘ Zz TE St ly & Me “grimoeeio ft mo 5 sf at ¥ i ba otte' : 4 ‘hh aaenyy f ‘ i tia isc) eer yin aren te fr a wt .scne ee eee 9 ivan» M5 AN | y uf *),: i> Or 4 eines ‘Ohne #Tedys chats ite Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies As part of the current restoration program, the murals were conserved again in 1994. They were reportedly in good condition requiring only surface cleaning, consolidation of minor flaking, and retouching of minor abrasions. However, an accidental steam valve release during the beginning of the restoration caused greater damage on the large mural and necessitated immediate action. The condensed steam on the painting caused lifting and tenting of the paint layers, blanching and the development of dark stains over the surface, and detachment of small areas of canvas from the wall.” The paint was consolidated with BEVA 371 followed by reattachment using Willard heated spatulas. A xylene/water emulsion was then applied to remove the excess BEVA 371 adhesive, and both were lifted from the paint surface with cotton wads. Finally, the painted surface was rinsed with benzine and cotton wads. After the emergency consolidation was done, cleaning was undertaken. An innovative solution created by Richard Wolbers was used for lack of any others producing acceptable results. The solution was a citrate and detergent gel brushed onto the mural and worked over the surface before being removed with large cotton wads. Sometimes several applications were necessary to remove all surface soiling. After all cleaning was done, the mural was rinsed with water and petroleum benzine.”” The eight panels in the Staircase Hall were cleaned in the same manner as the large mural. In 1954, two new lighting fixtures (“luminaire”) designed by Rambusch Decorating Company of New York were installed as part of the modernization campaign (see 1978 Handbook photos). These fixtures were hung in the end bays of the corridor and one in each end lobby as well. A matching, but larger, luminaire was hung from the middle of the Stairhall ceiling. In 1972 the floor of the staircase corridor was redone “in close conformance with the original specifications.” The marbles installed are in the same pattern as was originally laid, but now are yellow Verona, Bottichino (gray), Aldorado (dark gray), and Chiampo Perlato (reddish gray).”” Pompetian and Venetian Lobbies (402, 404) McKim designed a small lobby or foyer on either end of the Chavannes Gallery. Each was decorated individually and given a name corresponding to the decoration. The Venetian Lobby was on the north end of the hall, serving as a foyer for the Children’s Room, and the Pompeiian Lobby was on the south end leading to the Delivery Room. Neither of these spaces was altered throughout the history of the Library. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 132 oP" 1 ne tree, br Orpateet Vegu oleh wn wit, -- . noel” wie mete Tus yVAas ponds hee aw eles Hiinis alee OG. Teele ae ie tern areal add at eget teehee belin re r cee dele ey AeA Dees » deny deo 2 angela prey only hs ee Tiered enkt caneehh 3 neat ro bs. rs Th iti in 1 on) Ys vit Pawcl'on es P s t . . +? oniaras o) Laivaers iat é ™ Ly. at + ertgeen diuhay: tow anlnent’s 200 Be eae: yong sees ee Vetw be Sad ae i 4 Supe or id mn val Puan ; . i'm wh Wa wt. wy nw ators es ies % Aas ‘aa "fh rere ; ' a reared ‘tober Eysarett em i “ht Mae li shie bonus ssntt ied 7 ty ate pont an ct 8 ¥ ide cretbiver se To: iaqtatdaaatl mipte auld Wi el rT j ite ’ pexp ipcte at! Ot) emifT ei: >» y ! a TI ‘a a 7usil se v al Wk pees, x diss a, cadet j / 7 : > > geile | ene Lede j uw A A j ‘sj a Sets i ot i f he) ‘ ‘ gon ml edie) email) aiille Lain rb f Se rap 434i .Ueahing Aa ue) ith IRS % in 7, wae, spel ¢ mveiellg.) ads wn yee), hae whi ae Ms abadl ally wt grey ent varia Lii'y Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Puvis de Chavannes Gallery, Pompeiian & Venetian Lobbies Venetian Lobby The Venetian Lobby was a square, cross vaulted space with an alcove looking into the courtyard (fig. I-28). The walls, ceiling, and lunettes were decorated by Joseph Lindon Smith in a Venetian theme. The main design of this composition is the lunette over the window looking into the court. This lunette features Venice personified as a young woman giving Adriatic, a young man, a marriage ring. Saint Theodore, the patron saint of the Venetians, kneels to their left. The composition was done in greens and blues, and the ceiling and parts of the walls were also gilded. Other Venetian themes are found in the composition as well. Over the door to the Children’s Room is a block of stone on which is carved the lion of St. Mark, the patron saint of Venice. In the frieze of the dome, there are ships and the shields bearing the names of cities conquered by Venice. Pompeian Lobby The Pompeiian Lobby was also a square, groin vaulted space. On its west was the elevator well, and on the east was an alcove with a drinking fountain in a niche. Against the side walls of this alcove were oak settees, and over one was a window looking into the Bates Hall vestibule. Elmer Garnsey carried out the painting here perhaps continuing the Pompeiian design of the Ground Floor corridors he also painted. This was reportedly the only painting that was done directly on the plaster walls rather than on canvas. The main color was Pompeiian red with slate gray and yellow. The ceiling is light gray and blue. On the walls Garnsey painted bunches of hyacinths and Pompeiian motifs. On the south wall of the alcove was a panel containing Bacchus pouring wine into a cup—an image symbolizing “knowledge flowing from the divine source to the mind of man.”*” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 133 4 = ee sali dete york Muted smarpudes dabei Qeaeamy Repti vee! (pate hone Sree wares iy ; 7? 68 08 hg Wt re 0) arith her em i L il ‘esr Ls Lalu 7 oN Fruit yr abe oat th ane Sone A = - : r ae piaww os! Saget) hits » cathe aswell Saas , AoE b. B Tes ea 1 unl a 7 wt of nk ori ! Dye wi: \ aides. be ip iw tary Ms teed oe Dime! ty bey ity Vane ame ina a rac” “Mer> 1. Ela fockd f % | ep | me ae bare T) a e ey. ce ae seni ve «SOR ieareaas mage apn oo eh ine at iain ents ofits war pel | A vie See aaiaienty a ap od oreti remain vee wy | + ore “— | rau 2k 248 v>! ‘tio ) pepe J isdivacy A at; , } ; 5 Sevan ' aie jh Gthn ad valy ons teth ah , (0 Groner! oy oper a 5! haat; come: “ing twas Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall (ta oy ag Bates Hall 1990s Restoration Room No. 405 Use/Name Changes of Room 1895 to present Bates Hall Plan as built in 1895 N= READING ROOM NEWSPAPER ARCADE ROOF i } - fad] PATENT ROOM i ° % ROOM ALCOVE sitet as L : wee rene ee) ae R y ’ POMPENAN © , VENETIAN : DELIVERY ROOM LOBBY STAIRCASE CORRIDOR LOBBY CHILDREN'S ROOM ; : sh fence numa , ah BATES HALL CENTRAL LIBRARY. BATES HALL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 134 er as , ae ey ala es Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall INTRODUCTION Because Bates Hall is such a large and important space in the McKim Building, this section of the report is treated differently than the rest. More detailed information is presented, and the format of the section has been modified to suit this information. For purposes of clarity, within each time period discussion, architectural elements have been separated into sections. Bates Hall, the grand public reading room in the Library, is located on the second floor of the McKim Building and occupies the full length of the east side of the second, third, and fourth floors. Bates Hall is entered through a small vestibule from the 2nd Floor Staircase Corridor. Ornately carved oak doors, located in the center on the west wall, provide access into Bates Hall from the vestibule. There are two other doors in the west wall of the reading room. The south door in the west wall leads into the Delivery Room (a.k.a. Abbey Room); the north door in the west wall leads into the original the Children’s Room. McKim designed Bates Hall to be a monumental architectural space. Its design is derived from the large piano nobile reading room in Henri Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve in Paris.”’ McKim’s early rendering of Bates Hall is without furnishings or books, but shows patrons enjoying the space with its ornately carved cornice and murals. This selection of what to illustrate reveals that his ritualistic interpretation of the design of the reading room originally superseded its functional design (see Appendix 11.3). Bates Hall is 218-feet long, 42 1/2-feet wide, and 50-feet to the crown of its arches. The ends of the Hall are semi-circular in shape. The monumental character of Bates Hall is created by its three-story arched ceiling constructed of molded plaster and by the arcade of windows that line the east wall. The window arcade is repeated in blind arches along the west wall of the room. The primary interior finishes in Bates Hall are stone and plaster. The floor is covered with terrazzo, crossed by paths of marble. A red Verona marble base surrounds the room. The walls are finished with a light gray-tan sandstone, quarned in Amherst, Ohio. The main entrance into Bates Hall is framed by a an ornately carved surround of Indiana limestone; the door surrounds into the Delivery Room and Children’s Room are constructed with black Belgian marble and Alps green serpentine marble. The panel at the north end of Bates Hall is painted plaster and was intended to receive a painting by James A. McNeill Whistler that was never executed. The arches in the west wall are plaster and were also intended for murals that were never completed. The small panels below the recessed arches are also plaster. They were originally tinted blue and BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 135 ast) oa A erat aah aki seen biel het ei fic: Ae vt, AO rae eanifa me we: me un 4. SP EN3G io 70 ' 4 ow ho! at cee cpod , Lisa wa MS tt Ver Amel ; - fl hen | 1 Pe ‘dl 4 as hay a ¥ ' ; pers i ) “499 it; ' Fl i i 1u¢* * ; 2) i } my? rH ’ ew . a iit eres guitegr eds | ' eitt- ue, thank 4g * geld eta w otis’ - fcc un a: nis, Ln ue Y #7 iy iv bemakeoetgre Tarte rn et et So cnt boats LT 9+ ovina eer iq aynnl Seth nit ots rsh ae @bth “inst ne ss eM = 4 oe at nie gam reiire eV eg tinea am ters Algt “tell bial wit are ae oc? jarw 0 ira f vega, -rsiap-ugeamontily Laeveananaat toni ene ss : F ray 1 avn mecay-ateor at bee, al bs nosing W Ta Vale ee | aeneg of ; pe ie vhercva' vin Heke s a. DF ad iM Ome i wWraie bah pgoce wee birtin.gretis yee pal Unset i is A | ong) arntmt ah Rwerie in sitet ‘nna ti 7 gto Satt c har eipe pete Vee A . bts Neca d j sah) tag, Soe ae CWE E Doe Pee | ad ofl vi si ae | a WED pony ea (ars ula . ido pelt el ~~ N : leone ae bere af? iciiaies a omen eA : hile (eet eraae imei = 1 14 i . » - = - Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall not intended to receive decorative painting. The ceiling in Bates Hall is dominated by its four monumental spanning arches. The surfaces of the arches are finished with molded plaster and the recessed panels between the arches are coffered. The ceiling is decoratively painted (figs. I-29, I-30). Bates Hall furnishings were designed by McKim and constructed by the firm of Mellish, Byfield & Company. The furnishings are of oak and include bookcases along the east, west and north walls of the Hall, bookcases that separate the semi-circular ends of the Hall from the reading room, reading tables, and card catalogue cases. The original chairs for Bates Hall were Windsor style chairs, constructed of hickory and painted black. The hickory chairs have been replaced with oak chairs with a varnished finish. The library tables in Bates Hall were orginally fitted with bronze goose neck lamps with metal shades. Bronze floor lamps with large globes were located around the perimeter of the room, and gooseneck lamps were mounted on the cornice of the oak bookcases. Prior to the 1990s restoration, the original table and bookcase lighting had been replaced with bronze strip lighting, and the floor lamps had been modified and fitted with shades. As a primary public space in the McKim Building of the Boston Public Library, much effort was expended on the original design of Bates Hall. Study drawings and correspondence shed light on this process. This documentation reveals that Bates Hall’s interior decorative scheme was never completed. The unexecuted Whistler painting and the wall murals, integral parts of McKim’s original vision for the room, would have ultimately defined the character of the Hall. The alterations that have been made to Bates Hall in its one hundred year history have been focused on functional needs—improvements in lighting and heating—and redecoration. Prior to restoration, the card catalogue had been moved from the south apse into the Children’s Room and the reference desk was no longer located at the center of the room. Nonetheless, the primary form and function of Bates Hall have always been intact. DESIGN DERIVATION McKim’s design for Bates Hall is derived from the grand piano nobile reading room in Henni Labrouste’s Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve in Paris. Like Bates Hall, the reading room in the Bibliotheque Saint Genevieve is a grand arched space that extends across a full elevation of the building. The exterior walls of both reading rooms also contain an arcade of windows—in Bates Hall there are thirteen windows and in the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve there are nineteen windows (figs. I-33, E-6). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 136 “i nf teva acd oF add asad ik ting IE laSiire? tow otaini a6 iting a oe aes a5 ofl tT heii sulcelta | fie = », Fie eth Be Ay? am ” “ft . ’ ( A Ay s ‘ ‘ 4 i } f by th 0 Pa pie Ait Pr @deps§ arg. f-22 2 Ark M (Fire hy Ko epbatiyehs pats prea yet 412 ni " rans eit i ie) Bean iu hag igtp yes thre? rere, ‘- y eee bial (7) i> wmoretin | 4 O38 See le ine Bet mie iw SOUL) ofr ave fi atx, Klay & wil gn 69 KIT Gon Lei Le 10 Gr haat Pa ere iv Es - <9) 4 herteiehis orn eee Meret else Vyi , dae Cabbie atticaeipehtye Vaal eo meme ery Wai § sb anal Wy fod ee F ae, ative rs qtls ee 1a) ng o eo Bs ie evs “iba a : bie te: eat Sa aS as Wenge Zeca «= oe pn ana ca le ioe é Line ) i rar r Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall McKim’s early rendering for Bates Hall shows a grand architectural space, devoid of furnishings, books, and lighting (figs. D-16, H-16). Interestingly, this rendering shows a carved inscription under the arched windows and a painting in the north apse, neither of which were executed in the final design. Review of the other study drawings for Bates Hall at the Boston Public Library and the New York Historical Society indicate that there were several components of Bates Hall whose design had multiple incarnations. Examples of these components include: the plaster ceiling; the bookcases that separated the semi-circular ends of the room from the main reading room; and the door surround for the vestibule entry. As the design for Bates Hall evolved, it gradually shifted from the “ritualistic” grand architectural space to the more functional library reading room. In this transition, the elaborately carved inscription below the arched windows became a single row of names of famous men above the arched windows. The arch above the center entrance to Bates Hall was constructed with Amherst stone rather than marble. The partitions separating the semicircular ends of the room from the reading room became usable bookcases, rather than decorative screens. In addition, the first floor walls of Bates Hall were lined with bookcases, which negated the need for decorative architectural finishes on these walls. A final unexecuted component of McKim’s grand design was the decorative painting in Bates Hall. Library as Completed 1895 General The original appearance of Bates Hall is described in detail in Herbert Small’s original Handbook of the New Public Library in Boston. There is also good photo documentation for Bates Hall at the time of its construction, including several construction photographs (fig. I-30 to I-33). Floor Small described the original terrazzo floor in detail in the 1895 Handbook: The floor in the hall is terrazzo, crossed by paths of yellow Verona marble. This terrazzo is a sort of rough mosaic, made by strewing small, irregularly shaped pieces of marble upon a layer of Portland cement, rolling the whole together with heavy rollers, and finally polishing with sandstone and oiling. In this particular case the cement was stained yellow with coloring matter, and the marbles used were, for the body of the design, the yellow Sienna and white Italian, and for the borders, the black Belgian.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 137 Ww bated. cage hate Dona B hetcbe por Prrsdonest aut why ie eeeteiel ‘sit vd weltyine \heype [utzon ot) cr Qiu ar aes piel WA eos eBarer nes ‘hs tee vied? reply veil 4 ete leo tet + witis (Th 2 Neel Sebel heidi \eyenty ¢ e data (ink tid oy une dang £9 ware ed wrody vay foo cate ga oie noncty onvM J » tents” af qeast Soe le epee ee ; ie ene inellh. pert a a. ae ey pide F See) Grower, » Dye at eee in ft uetits 4.47 Seale 4p 4 : —_ Pat t+ gy ee eee ee sly ou 2ynoants! wacky adeied imu F Pale Lawk ; a cng’, te alow WoT x n't ne ‘ ae aw fat aa er a a y : ation cod oH rh pcan tele ab de if tel 42, > i Mees ada got) pe ese erential, dingo J eae eee ‘ Picts, aT ain eineey eee Th 4 th MOTE DS <4 neds ep sew Gn oan). eneey ieee ie ce Hs ih! ae ee owe ( ry ¢ PU W Ge or) win Sertant ww how es Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall An entry in the Trustees’ minutes further confirms these flooring matenials. Ordered that the floor of Bates Hall on the new Public Library building consist of panels of terrazzo separated by bands of yellow Verona marble. Ordered that the President be authorized to sign a special order on Messrs. Bowker Torrey & Co. to purchase the yellow Verona marble for the Bates Hall referred to above for the sum of nine hundred and twenty three dollars ($923.00).” Walls The walls of Bates Hall had a red Verona marble base. The base was 16-feet high and 1 1/4inches thick. Located in the base were brass heat registers. The registers were 10-feet wide, and 2-feet 5-inches long and divided into four rectangular panels. Above the red Verona marble base, the wall was finished with a light gray/tan sandstone, quarried in Amherst, Ohio. The individual blocks of stone were 1-foot 7-inches wide and 10-inches thick. Their surface was vertically tooled, except at the projecting edges of the cornerstones. On the projecting edges, the stone was horizontally tooled to a width of 1 1/2-inches. The sandstone was set and pointed with a light gray mortar. The mortar joint is approximately 3/8-inch wide and slightly recessed. The long walls of Bates Hall were dominated by the projecting piers of the four monumental arches that span the room. Between the projecting piers and separating the windows, classical pilasters supported the ceiling’s flat arches. The east wall windows and the west wall blind arches were surrounded by simple, arched projecting sandstone moldings. Above the arched openings was a cornice band in which the names of famous men of the arts, literature, science and philosophy were carved. The carved names were finished with gold leaf.~” The blind arches of the west wall and the north apse panel were finished with plaster. These plaster surfaces were intended to be painted with murals. Although this work was never executed, it seems clear that it was the original design intent for the room. Small wrote the following about the intended paintings: At the north end there are no windows, but instead a broad panel, surrounded by stone mouldings. It is hoped that some day this panel will be occupied by a painting from the hand of James A. McNeill Whistler, whom many people do not hesitate to call the greatest of contemporary painters. Along the west wall are ten other panels—corresponding in size and position to the windows opposite—which are also to be decorated in time by eminent painters. The architects have already recommended the names of Mr. DeForrest Brush, Mr. Frank D. Millet, and Mr. Abbott Thayer, all of them American artists, as men well fitted to do the next decorations to be placed in the Library, and it is likely that the first commissions would be for these panels. And in Bates Hall, as elsewhere in the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 138 pa kh Bt pal | » FL awl B hay) | oor Bhar 4 CWIaT >> as ma te Aol =F me ; ¢ , y > -\ne4i4 (pe ae iowa» agian Be ' aches ‘! sso NL a Om | - , P ; ait ie , ‘ a ipeahieey bie larg poh a (‘D4 ob et \ “ palms pet - prove ' ie pups a i) vot are las ieebasce tT to. wa 4 \e feat year is eye | “ema mo : - o* i we jay tect ; ; pepe } beers! ie) 2 nan qhit comand ‘ an gh He 20 ‘ latnne i 4 4 i” 4 wat ‘> fie i Lae Ve T J ' ’ rb a se i ¢ vr) whee Pi “a Ohi SSA BOVIS Pie, Wr al -e/ie meee d as Ms at, Ciel Bras tay 9.0% Vreapeghy a . a oT Ae VTA sy a) Ae oto pair phe. a. tthe beg CNnds ger peeved ped Peis! sig OT. es DA rein lode! v F ee ee a el ‘i v test, peen.! ot ata 8 | aratltre 208 tpn) i ; olin ¢ aaa’ Ait ted ah Ona, iiss Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall building it is hoped that the generosity of citizens will do much to provide the money for the mural aes : : : : 258 paintings which are necessary to the entire completion of the architectural scheme.” In the archives of the firm of McKim Mead & White at the New York Historical Society, there is correspondence between the architects and John LaFarge, Abbott Thayer and James McNeill Whistler regarding the painting of the murals. In a letter of February 7, 1889, LaFarge wrote at some length about the paintings that he would like to execute in the panels: Though I should not wish to consider myself confined to these subjects, still my fancy has dwelt upon some of the following: I should like to see in the great panel at the end such a theme as the history of Alexander’s placing the manuscript of Homer in the safety of the golden box taken from the Persian spoils. Not only could I see in this the type of library, but the love of literature emphasized by the circumstances of war, and a sort of general record of the triumph of the more intellectual civilization. Then I should like to have a plenty of Greece and Rome. Socrates and the Philosophers, Pythagoras consulting the Wisdom of the East, Demosthenes or Cicero defending the cause of intelligence, the vicissitudes of science or study in the world, the death of Archimedes, Pliny in the dangers of Vesuvius, Ovid in exile, the house of Pindar spared, the state of Hypatia, or again, Chiron teaching the heroes, and far away from these the Queen of Sheba going to visit See the Magi observing the stars, and perhaps some cluster of Chinese or far Oriental history.” In 1892, McKim sent LaFarge the dimensions of a panel (28-feet 1 1/4inches by 11-feet 8- inches) which he considered to be the “best panel in the Hall.” He said that he was: .. very desirous to proceed with the decorative work of Bates Hall, at least to find out what is going to be done, who is going to do it, and to get an order for the panel somewhere.... In order to accomplish the painting of this panel, Iam ready to try and raise $10,000. Any increase in the amount might kill the whole thing, but I think I might be able to work it up to $10,000. Please let me know whether you would care to undertake the work at this pecs and if you would agree to complete it within two years from the receipt of the commission.” There is also correspondence by Thayer and a pencil sketch of his design for one of the west wall panels. The dates on these letters do not include years, although other dated letters suggest that the correspondence occurred between 1894 and 1895. The first letter from Thayer to McKim, dated December 7, contains the sketch for one panel with a written description of his ideas: I forgot to say yesterday that the thing I originally wished almost most to show you is a sketch for a Bates Hall panel one of a series I have in my mind. The gods in white and gold on cream white cloud ... a green sky with naked Endymion and the dark haired woman on the purple black steeds with blue wings floating therein. The sky grading down to a yellow horison [sic] far below them. See Keats...” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 139 een radi at tere enti adrveg in Hina i Se ahaa Al | Pas: : "sth (ey woalietiress fof he vena oh 4 wee Sy Pa) ga | = f es oi on vveney, A hc bP fo¥ we wp te wit eae Beh VT iigeds ota! ame bap eesti 4 o "06 % v4 Lay Mii n \ ght h jn 8 ei too? eyelet 2 ' 2) hod) ‘ qa! wae af ‘ i t i Ter) - by wt 1 wh vi J wets § % i i + ‘ ’ f vit ( iy, ’ qe MK i ° a" nh ’ ’ } mews f re Vs af al q ? ‘ ’ a * : } oe hh day id 60% y oy iJ Dy ae Ft} jet le belt wake Ws Tt? . 7 Zz : ue, - ; 9446 é iid’ \ortea fie Sony ia 10 4 & veils wel-al ys! | a) anya ae Aerie ne J Aings ay ae ifs i Py i] darer Ce ee ee a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall A painted study by Thayer for a proposed mural for the BPL is part of the collection of the National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. It an oil painting on canvas entitled titled “Minerva in a Chariot.” By June 24, in another letter to McKim, it was clear that this work would not be executed. Your cordial answer to my first two letters came yesterday, and if came give me much pleasure [sic]. I am not sure however that the degree & kind character of my preference for Bates Hall justify my accepting such an honor. As soon as I realize that neither Boston nor I could afford to give the whole row of panels there the case is a little different. I sympathize entirely with your inclination to keep the beautiful wall clear, and doubt if one or two panels decorated even in a heavenly style would help the ensemble. I pictured in my excitement the whole row of them filled with supernaturally beautiful figure decorations of which some miracle I was to be the author—I mean they were to be so much finer than the things I have already done, that it was be somehow a new birth of myself under the influence of the opportunity. I feel that in a short time, a week or two, I should be at some decoration (of course as a gift) for the library, however, whether it be for Bates Hall or one of the other, but I think I must see the rooms some more in the meantime.”" Subsequently McKim wrote to Thayer about the possibility of getting something into the Library if private money could be found. Thayer wrote back emphatically refusing the offer. Yours received. You got a wrong impression. I said that I had wished to put my thing in the Library—There is no place for it now, and I merely wanted to have you know that I had something for some other art or literature building—I don’t want any of the places that remain in the library ... Of eo. might be tempted by the whole series of Bates Hall panels but not by one or two as I first thought." In July of 1895 McKim indicated that he was not offering the Bates Hall spaces to Thayer as Thayer seemingly assumed. McKim stated that the panels in Bates Hall “are too small and wholly unfitted for the Trojan scheme,” proposed by Thayer earlier. McKim was distressed by Thayer’s refusal of other spaces in the Library and persisted in telling Thayer that he would still recommend him to the Trustees when moneys become available for commissions.” Whistler was supposed to decorate the large panel at the North end of Bates Hall, but the deal went sour after his inactivity. In March 1895, the Trustees voted to inform him that they were withdrawing their proposition for his work.” In an April 1895 letter to a Trustee, W. Richards, McKim inquired about their intentions with regard to Whistler. He wrote, “It seems absolutely absurd that we should go on waiting for him without a single report of progress on his part in two years.” Richards replied: As for Whistler a vote was passed ten days ago asking the President to inform him that our relations had ceased. We have no letter from him accepting the engagement and there is no contract. Now is the time for taking up Parish and Abbott Thayer... BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 140 Nein ligg an? So tregs b ere ot eA ida) ep) mer ak | 4 rw 4 a) ad (Le int 1® ih naa fi dni aberrnes pavrap 6 sb tgp paler) 7 (fh lee toe wrdiple int iA oy i 4d = “aq! 16h) ais is ev] 7 aint m wots a AV wit Wi) wie Gel) = i pe ’ ils fF) A Fes i i) f i 1.0 my ri ; ‘ ‘ , = / all i" aya , rer: a a hewrinvay PI ty > ‘ph ese © Gs rss = 2 ' j i ’ of : ' Lt », req) iv’ / ‘acy ‘ rt U | U it ; } un ; 2% é roth wegen a ol Ne cody atari 4 wea it y yt cd Pa ew) * eae aay ie it B ain yore, Cee ~ om. @! “ib vevee an hy valent on bene ey bial Sh 4 sheath ae el yn in Abn id apd Oa a hota oes cra i Mats, 047" i 4m el Hie eek win | ou eames fe ot thraiety Dt aap Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall On May 7, 1895, Whistler pleaded with the Trustees: It has long been my intention to write and state formally my acceptance of the proposal to paint the panel offered to me in the Boston Library. Verbally this was quite understood by Mr. McKim and Abbott. It was thoroughly settled that I should have carte blanche both as to time and subject. And as far as remuneration went, I made it clear to those gentlemen that I was willing to receive whatever sum the authorities in council should have at their disposal to apportion according to their judgment of the worth or importance of what I might do for them. I beg therefore now to lay before you gentlemen this my letter renewing, officially, my agreement to this undertaking upon the above terms, as settled with Messieurs McKim and Abbott.” Although Whistler appears to have had a contractual understanding with the Trustees, he died in 1903 before the decorative painting was finished in the Boston Public Library. Whether or not the Trustees would have ever re-contracted his work is unknown and a moot issue. Whistler’s ideas for this mural are recorded, however, on a sketch in the collection of the Print Department of the Boston Public Library. This watercolor and goache painting was given to the Library in 1950 by Whistler’s sister-in-law, Rosalind Birnie-Philips. Its estimated date is 1899-1900.*” Interestingly, Thayer wrote to the McKim in October of 1895, after his candid refusal to paint anything for the Library, asking for the dimensions of the space Whistler intended to paint. He stated that some friends of his were “talking of raising a subscription” for him to do “something in the Library,” and they had heard that Whistler was no longer doing the work in Bates Hall.*” The fact that none of the proposed decorative painting in Bates Hall was executed suggests that the Trustees lacked either the funding or the commitment to do the work. It was, however, an issue about which they were later questioned. In 1915, Charles A. Aiken inquired of the Trustees regarding additional mural paintings. The following entry was found in the Trustees’ minutes: A communication was received from Charles A. Aiken regarding further mural decoration of the Library, and the President was directed to reply that the Trustees do not contemplate such decoration.” It is unclear whether this inquiry related specifically to Bates Hall, but it seems likely that it did. By 1915 the Bates Hall murals remained the largest area of uncompleted art in the building. The SPNEA Conservation Center investigated the original colors of the wall panels in Bates Hall in January of 1995. Paint analysis of the plaster panels reported the following about the finishes in the north wall panel and blind arches: BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 141 a | : 2 Je Fy ee Oe 1 0pfdy De “hw eG ahi) POIs EP tapered as ; oe 7% 4%. tees ia ae oe. ee gs Rp ae tery aa gm ihc a had ay clr + ‘marx Pint ela) ) Ee : died | Be eS, ceri the eanet © qriltoe lke 0 200 eerie ia ae ae . aa > veotowgys a Haaser tt (ts egnbeny cera ater ' crm so at doligues bps lie By OK OL GIG Pew Osinr % vay saalemretilillis or Yb: a code. 9 q hese See wr tou’) sett ariw satitbebestiic Lars aerate “i ou . ms a ut prwsignggh exit: jag’ ev lin A wi? wahs4800 cen wt4 : ein dad & Grow oh ao eo : Ombtin ie -eetwol Jodo wae hey cmos GT «eseillotgr fantook '$q by: tmacdt venburleoerehe cette PW ef GHGt al Te "* et any ‘all A = aed J é P ect Te) 5 AGe i 2) wl.) ot) mii = 7 : ] mt > ni; 7 ve er ii ‘on nv) = 18a ia wi why Aon yey fy ge wre vn wil wee ptibal') spate teed er outs teen z p (LAN aeetadt bi @ aire * Rye we feu ONT te EU a yawn Tt urviND ‘Wade Md, tude onthe dt .eoerianege Dongs alsa) tee Pye Ta ‘ry aed ¥ i Qc sag? ig ay 3 - ee ee ee 1 Wed" crespe Th eed Meld eoaetl ate Vite ri Ui 11g fiegio aio at Sa aera aga odie ai 26-0 aw BR) ie wold) Leniphe genta sly ening? abet pened ss msalone He Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall Both of these areas show as their first coatings a sizing on the plaster surface, and a relatively thick white layer, probably based on its auto-luminescence in ultraviolet light, a white lead. Over the white we find a thin layer whose solubility in alcohol, whose fluorescence in UV light, and whose positive reaction to a TTC (triphenol tetrazolium chloride) stain as seen in UV light show it to be a natural resin. It seems likely that these layers were applied in expectation of the artwork. It seems very clear that it is the next layers which were the first finish treatments. The original field color on the north apse wall was a tan. It was enframed by the same pattern of borders we see today, with an outer surrounding stripe and another stripe running parallel to it just into the field. The earlier field stripe was placed similarly to the present one, but was a bit narrower. Its color was gray green. In the spot we examined, both the original and the present outermost gray green stripe were verv close to 3 1/2 inches wide. The present field stripe runs about 5 1/8 inches from the outer frame while the original one ran about 5 1/4 inches. The inner edge of both inner field stripes is placed about 6 1/2 inches from the frame. On the blind wall arches of the west wall we see a similar pattern of layering, with the lead white and resin layers described above followed by a tan, the first finish paint layer. This color exactly matches the apse field tan.” Below the blind arches on the west wall are textured plaster panels. Small described these panels as follows: Above the bookcases, as weli as over the wainscoting at the south end, is a belt of plaster—regularly interrupted by the piers—tinted robin’s egg blue. The visitor will notice the curious grain of this belt, which was obtained by the pressure of a bull’s hide.” The Trustees’ minutes indicated that these panels were fabricated and painted by Elmer Garnsey, who also painted several other locations in the building.*” SPNEA paint analysis of these panels stated the following: ... This layer (the blue tinted plaster) is very clear in cross section as well as in the macro (full sized) sample. Over it is an interesting dark greenish glaze with three finish layers above. We see in cross section B that there is no clear break line or dirt between the blue and the glaze. This condition could result either from the two coats being applied in a single campaign, or from the glaze being applied subsequently but not too long after the blue. If we believe the testimony of the Handbook, the glaze is not original. Perhaps the blue was intended to accompany the artwork. It would then be possible that the glaze was added after it became apparent that the murals would not materialize. If so, the proper treatment to accompany the first finish tan on the apse wall would be the blue with its dark green glaze. When we compare the color of the glazed blue with the apse and wall arch field and banding colors, it seems especially plausible that it is the glazed appearance which should be duplicated in the upcoming work.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 142 ! dat aie a bth -a>et rl Ae ae +i Sethu Mt 27! a ete d >! i Repeegthy ’ Cher ae 4. Mae vigll nice teeruee allel \eorleall 4 iA el Hoe Oe AL ona alae aR aw o) vw Pedr) WW Ni er ee / tients earn . tale) aw ‘4.0GR ome fh a ane Yee ag taped ve «ve ila keep ye ts aa RR vee tae ‘= : ay * ei; i ey Gi ve v.46 dete i op ‘OTT a2 10 0 CISA “Gages pt: bing - . ay ‘i Stese’'o wz ik) serine chm +m iit ~adind want wrvomiutl «cn Pete Guy daa pt a ie ee. ee =r se Pe ™ Tignes ” - anions Tt Whets, whine 2 om oF Thar ‘ , ‘ » ' 2) py 4 i veer | antl stata ¥ ' 6 } ai | fu“ 4 Vie Jia Ie] obs Tove i Miah fo Whe? Mol ahd ANP rats “ne oa “fer at Ww w Gy Lethe fib ipa rer ® jam 1) twp OT Ode é Aye 6 tty ‘etthy Am 4) ; PP. ae oe A ee eld eT) wens ee ea Pe ee Vivi Gea “i+. + Pie" ope it ey | ide se Puts : if Auer oft wee ee bi Sabana’ on Siddvade ; o tute Jeers wl) Se OLD rhe sie As fiat, ih ed w'S [daperen (Ted) daha Whey tink ILE 8 aA creme As rte Sah elt AP «eel pel ale he iain, aia ah ’ Sie Ol gee Sei iy sia vite evil vay yaa Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall Ceiling The ceiling in Bates Hall was constructed of molded plaster. There are a number of study drawings for the ceiling, and several mock-ups were done before its full construction was undertaken (fig. I-29). On the drawings it is referred to as a papier mache ceiling. However, the ceiling was originally built with plaster. The Bates Hall ceiling consists of four principal projecting arches that rise from the projecting wall piers. Between the projecting arches are pairs of arches that spring from the wall pilasters. These arches, although also projecting, have a shallower profile. The faces of the principal arches are decorated with a Greek key pattern; the faces of the other ceiling arches are decorated with an interconnected curvilinear pattern. Located between the arches is a coffered ceiling. The coffers are of alternating square and rectangular shapes. Located in the center of the square coffers is a molded plaster flower. The sides of the coffers are formed by multiple decorative plaster moldings (fig. CI-18). The ends of the Bates Hall ceiling are half-dome coffered ceilings. Interestingly the patterns of the arches of the domes are not identical. In the south apse, the placement of the arches is aligned with the windows beneath; in the north apse they are evenly spaced around the dome (fig. CI-17). The ceiling of Bates Hall has always been painted. Small said the ceiling was “tinted a cream color and a delicate green.”” In an article wnitten at about the same time, Elmer Garnsey, however, said the ceiling “has been finished in a quiet color scheme of ivory and blue.” SPNEA paint analysis of the ceiling revealed that the color was actually more blue than green. It stated the following about the ceiling’s original paint colors: In Bates Hall no original painted surfaces survive unrecoated. The great barrel vault has been repainted twice. The present color, almost a faux stone in effect, nearly duplicates a similar color below it. This earlier “stone” color painted out the original predominating vault color, an ivory... We can also confirm the presence of three finish treatments on the barrel vault from cross sections , ; 279 of the presently blue coffer fields. It is clear that these areas have been painted blue three times... Windows The windows in Bates Hall are located in the east and south walls. On the east wall, there are thirteen large arched windows that form the arcade that faces onto Copley Square. Two additional arched windows are located in the south wall. The arched windows contain wooden sash, set in wooden casings. The sash are fixed, with the exception of the center panel of the lower sash which opens into the room. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 143 fur ete whan: 4 one eT eeggelep eat ‘rd (yar : {> : A ass rere giv 1zrw 0G wv , yoy ee Oe bereshe ’ qi ory ies i irs v3! yet vee ; } ; to!) , el” 2 , } 7h id nis or) ah by . yi or pls, We pa #) ‘2 Daioh ‘amas ; it unthcats as ip eee ra , v's A > Ti ” i rey + ao A ty 4 j ‘ay A ahil OF ? je naan aut ye if ty) ' Th, OTE Bu. ie 6 ibewl & | ur ’ t) a 7 4 ai qj ~ 4 i] J 75 #9 bet Of ; ‘Li ae i} ak i t 1 li va ‘ e { t ’ = A970 ay ” obi ; Hh @l, aT on o! “Yay % wa : ; vy “g¥ en) mike See wh mr ne ; i? ns 129 dana drepenes 4 ir hus, bedi ion aenndie noha rae at Ding Reet 4 Se a ae Reachemnes Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall The windows have divided lights formed by square principle muntins that are divided into eight triangular panes by a muntin of smaller profile. Small described the windows as “filled with wooden grilles of the conventional Roman pattern, painted green—a substitute for the originally intended bronze.”™” SPNEA’s analysis of the paint on the windows states “... that base layers of an off-white and a tan were built up before a quite thin gray green finish layer was applied.””” Underneath the arched windows, between the bookcases, are small, single casement windows. The only exception occurs on the south elevation, where there are pairs rather than single windows under the arched windows. The original finish on these windows was a painted faux finish of wood graining which matched the finish on the bookcases.”™ The Baldwin Coolidge photograph of the south apse shows the windows in the apse with window shades, mounted below the arched panels. The early photographs of the Hall indicate that only the south apse windows were fitted with shades. The shades appear to be a dark color, probably dark green (fig. I-39). Doors The principal entry door into Bates Hall, from the Grand Stair Hall, is located at the center of the west wall. Passage from the Grand Stair Hall into Bates Hall is through a small vestibule. The vestibule creates an intimate and enclosing space that accentuates the grandeur of the patrons’ arrival in Bates Hall. Small described the vestibule as follows: The little vestibule through which one passes into is itself a triumph—on however small a scale—of beauty and restfulness. It is mainly of Echaillon marble, the same as that used for the stairs, with a floor of yellow Verona and Istrian marbles. Over the side-doors, and in the center of the paneled ceiling are laurel wreaths. The heavy doors into the hall are oak, deeply carved, and the doorways into the corridor and the private staircases leading away to the right and left to the rooms of the mezzanine story, contain beautiful gates of old Italian workmanship—in two patterns, it will be ; , : cerns noticed—bought for the Library in Venice. The entrance door surround and balcony above are constructed of carved Indiana limestone (figs. I-38, D-17). The balcony has a classical style balustrade and is supported by ornate carved brackets. A door on the balcony leads to a landing of the long stair leading from the Second Floor to the Special Library Floor. The balcony is framed by a sandstone arch, which mirrors the blind arches of the west wall. In this arch, above the balcony door, is a carved sandstone hemisphere, circled by a band with the signs of the Zodiac. The entry doors are ornately carved, double oak doors. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 144 LL one babinds we 2c codes olakinens sagged ab em Garba tet) Sadie heat abitorat ® efSoty henna sree named | ee a shoeptrnan PAS or Gian 4 sented yo bert wpa wed ete sid the OP 1 ae) hi 1i,aty Feietie wie ee Meg aay ity (cen ao ated Grog cee Sho deuce wet Se a ; EE Te ae ssnnegins iT ee ED : J Mant 4 rf ae Helet art) deuloines viele it oi) Peo sal 7 othe A) ene, ¢ Pees b ‘26 Here. wats “Aa 8 oun cg torus 7 ow ery : fom, te ~ Py ice ebay ot vlan a is7ett ““ihaqe a ath gee 3 tr ts rx =j ied Teele 2 ee eee en ‘ woes | io 7 472.2 @ Air lite wo haan AG 4; db Prusotter Mois ure hep hes Jehu! alba sa th (pal ae rh. wet fic Tipae ete ceceatl : a edt | on i = veils ie egies iiiell ee hanes ie wees Se ene ae Tic aaa) oe Y alaey Sy Dac jeon®) a jim heehee pillousl « cw F eer. | Leia ake would t ‘s 6 hs re? ch Haw tnge dk borg Aviv ba | Lik oreo ase vate ‘ad ‘ve botirdt oh a stents Sat lina vary : nae ” if : ae 7 - i anes Mh _ re cet hy “s " : aa ve rie y .. i 7 pe: i. al ' i. a Pe _ : bar dabd se Neat ai iu * Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall The two doors located at the north and south ends of the west wall of the reading room are identical in design. Their surrounds are constructed with Corinthian columns of black Belgian serpentine marble with bronze capitals (fig. I-35). The columns support a heavy architrave and cornice also constructed of the black serpentine marble. On top of the cornice is a black marble pedestal, flanked by scrolls. Small says that this pedestal was to hold a white bust, which shows in some of the early photographs of the room. However, in most photographs the pedestal is empty. Small said of these door surrounds: They offer a strong contrast—a contrast hardly harmonious—to the quiet color-scheme of the rest of the room. Each cornice, however, is intended to be the pedestal of a white marble bust, and when these busts are in position (as they are not at the present writing) the contrast will be somewhat toned away. The doors of these entries were originally double wooden doors, covered with a tan pigskin. Each door had an oval window and brass hand and kick plates. The leather was installed with decorative brass nails. Above the doors were fixed wooden panels that were also covered with pigskin. Besides these three public entrances, there are three doors in the south apse and one door in the north apse that lead to the small adjacent service rooms. Small described their function in 1895 as follows: ... there are, at the south end, a smaller door leading more directly from the Catalogue to the Delivery Room, and two doorways leading through the wainscoting, one to the Catalogue Room down-stairs, and the other to the special libraries on the floor above. At the north end is another doorway, leading through the bookcases to an elevator, used for bringing up the heavy volumes of 2 9 periodical shelves in the Periodical Room.” The south apse doorway leading into the Delivery Room contains double wooden doors with oval windows, covered with tan pigskin. The other apse doors are oak panel doors. The apse doors are surrounded by the wood frames of the bookcases and wall paneling. Mantelpieces Located on the west wall, between the center and north and south entrances are two fireplaces. The fireplaces have sandstone mantelpieces and are faced with the same red Verona marble as was used for the wall base. The fireboxes are constructed with tan brick. The fireplaces have flues that suggest that they are operable, although there is no evidence to suggest their recent use (fig. CI-15). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 145 thie, stall any wt Wi ew Pete will ck : be tly) ; 7 > Ww ee iw ae . yo efi. boy ai" medina tl 4 EA ail abtigale ssa Walsall abe at ae, J a ae yee ret nazis aS: if, : Lh oe —s 7 . i BVs 62) “Wf | ny ee © iy cine 9 us ery: : - Y - i. — sm teu oe wis Lents Rs vay wi Dee | 7 ribs Lhe cathy inty * ly ele gale Bd aie . er Pe Me i dy98 i. le a eae he if i on ' ‘| ah F ft ays 40 > ih Mwy A 7 ‘ 7 ' Lae | ri mG I ne tai! : lS Seis eee ors oi: 0 eet Gaia eee tatty ocesb vine he ” a i ’ vit ald i =) ty are reagan Hite; nat onal Nasmme Sasieclohpnl otegs “reenet ould oy Ais Oe? as We vA 7 } AS, berkcd WH rab one 1 hoe Minna titi and it ake i 4 : ad johoey ye : , . , ; 7 ey 7) : ’ ‘ y : ae ‘ te iad i eal eed. Fy Cee i fy : J ‘ yp ag aff ie f 7 BEY 7 ebgeddsw Tage od pp Rau: Me } Fe ed hi ye ee <7he- hell eee sce sale i? af ' if ah , ee EW as a ai : Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall Bookcases The bookcases in Bates Hall were designed by McKim and constructed by the firm of Mellish, Byfield & Company. There are two types of bookcases—the built-in cases that line the east, west and north walls, and the free-standing cases that separated the north and south apses from the reading room (fig. I-37). Originally, there were no bookcases lining the south apse. This wall was covered with oak wainscoting, in front of which stood the card catalogue cases. McKim’s drawings for the wall bookcases are in the archives of the Boston Public Library.” The bookcases are constructed of oak and were manufactured by Mellish, Byfield & Company. The wall bookcases fit between the sandstone wall piers; their lower shelf sits upon the red Verona marble base. Each case has six recessed panels framed by moldings at its back. Its cornice has a bolection molding, on which pairs of gooseneck lamps were originally mounted. Within each case, there are three vertical divisions and three shelves of adjustable height. Bookcases at the ends of the reading room are of similar construction, but have carved vertical panels separating the sections of the bookcases. Free-standing Furniture The early photographs of Bates Hall show the reading room and north apse furnished with tables and chairs (fig. I-32). The south apse housed the card catalogue (figs. 1-39, I- 40). Small said the following about the furnishings: Bates Hall accommodates from two hundred and fifty to three hundred readers. There are thirty- three heavy tables of American oak, twelve feet long, and three and a half broad, supported on handsome claw-foot standards. Each table is provided with eight chairs, although at least two more to the table could be added without any appreciable discomfort. The chairs are of hickory and painted black, and are patterned after a familiar old-fashioned model.” McKim ’s attention to detail was clear in that Bates Hall also had wastebaskets with claw footed feet similar to those of the tables (fig. I-34). Small described the card catalogue in the south apse as follows: At the south end is the card catalogue, with eight hundred thousand cards contained in the drawers of thirteen handsome oak cabinets ... The cards are secured in the drawers by means of brass rods, which pass through them, and the drawers are intentionally made small in order that they may be : : 288 taken out and consulted on the low tables provided for this purpose ... BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 146 ye aft ot \ eneeres in GRR . Geld wulP ad 4) nyo UE Oe) ee le a carey eh sot gr ilien tien Sic UC sy" tnt? iu cris | pies i ow Saiegegiaw tee-clee ee ee vd of Be ‘Ty .—_ “arn St ea} [WA 1a ae a poy) odeeotp if fhe bobs an sit iT we wid ME j (a (oud = wh cht, Swat £ 4 rat: ‘ied, b= tshe9 no, .« ayni Tal vse we ° we hei ye nl) ah opps a a O 1G AIO > ANAL TO FG Po i it if ae t nt ‘ pieedy, Py | bf (guy i pty i Leia Sig LLL Peay toy ' | TAL iw ie Sa rT ay pine thee & Suede qemtedy | is tay , pe ai ih img me & 9 "e107 she Dalti+ aict r] . ‘- val ; ‘ wyart' | -_ wai i> orts Ab Leet ickee ipa >fbasataols Repale (gil eri wersl Mp a 0G) Te dec etert Ap Dow Sgn deed vaneye taal oat ah peo Ct ae #1 victeree: & of Sheree : . _ a~ hacocm perenne Wea heat ptceasi eda beds UN. ¥ _ ot el gett ay al levered Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall Lighting Fixtures The original lighting fixtures in Bates Hall consisted of pairs of double gooseneck lamps on each of the reading tables. The lamps were made of bronze and appear to have had a dark colored, glass shade (probably dark green). Floor lamps were also located around the perimeter of the room. These lamps, which were made of wrought iron and bronze, had a tripod base with curved legs and were fitted with a large white center globe surrounded by six exposed light bulbs. | Physical and historical evidence indicates that at some point chandeliers were to be hung from the barrel vaulted ceiling in Bates Hall. There are three circular openings in the ceiling which may have been for brass rings meant to hold up chandeliers. In addition, a letter from Wolters to McKim, dated March 30, 1894, mentions the chandeliers. He writes, “The standards in Bates Hall have been set and lighted. The light is good, but not strong enough and the chandeliers could make it right.”"” Nonetheless, no drawing or photo has been found to indicate that these chandeliers ever existed. Library Alterations Bates Hall has been minimally altered in the one hundred years since it opened its doors to the public. The alterations that have been made to the Hall fall into two broad categories. The first category is the changes that have been made to accommodate evolving use requirements for the space; the second category is maintenance and redecorating. In the first category falls the construction of the reference desk in the center of the room in 1931 and the moving of the card catalogue from the south apse in the 1960s. In the second category falls the replacement of the terrazzo floor in 1931; the installation of new lighting fixtures in 1947 and 1958; the repainting of the ceiling and wall panels in 1931 and 1960; and the repairs and partial replacement of the heating system in 1962. Library Alterations to 1909 Entnries in the Trustees’ minutes and changes noted in the early photographs reveal that part of the finishing (early alteration) of Bates Hall was driven by the comfort levels and use requirements of the Library patrons. As early as 1901, the Trustees voted to add additional heat to Bates Hall. The Vice President reported that on August 2, under the authority of the vote of June 28, he signed a contract with Walworth Construction and Supply Company for providing additional heating in Bates Hall, for the sum of forty-two hundred dollars.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 147 yi! £ ian i tr le welety ‘bh de ae (aortas "ite ng feat’ bo a erre e iA, Sore 34¢ wpe agitnns sett J s i9 OF: fepagia shah’ vr : res whe wereba dite veal < ‘ af ow or Fe," . aney bi Veoe of fowl . Pili garg _ erp 9a rit) 1G wyqy i es velit : . eee rag Shor! ue inden pr i Ai4) nach éuNwrein BC ‘ [> ) a nil ev wre’ yeTs 4 ‘ 1 ian vent ~ Tt" 5 errs Lert xe aly i Wik hh 7 ‘ , a ¢ P i 4 Ag ea é mw aQtt resent 4 é wero wdd Sharpes eras ob “a yee Grurria ae ; ei | 4g ee | ‘ib Nad wily antag? Sra eae) art Te vied avi ioe Sar) 1S MI sey anaes ony (Oe a at ; ‘Aer subtype g ing renee 2 Wii » qargdinig ae edly whee bie ough fot HF in’ ot! riaeyeky teow Gel} buy ot Jrobed oY y ne rors ie a Dyin 46 22 aoe dosnt pling on. Die 7 on) ae tat eine Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall An entry in the Trustees’ minutes noted the authorization of the purchase of a rubber floor mat for the terrazzo floor during this period. On the motion of Mr. Benton, the Librarian was authorized to order a rubber mat for Bates Hall in accordance with his recommendation, at a cost not to exceed four hundred and forty-five and 29] 42/100 dollars. This entry indicates that Bates Hall has had a rubber mat covering the center aisle of the Hall marble since as early as 1900. Its early installation suggests that the mat was installed to reduce the noise levels in the Hall rather than to reduce wear to the marble in areas of heavy traffic. The Trustees’ minutes reveal that the card catalogue grew quickly. In 1901 an additional case was purchased. The Trustees specified that it was to be “one English oak catalogue case for Bates Hall, at a cost not to exceed three hundred fifty three and 50/100 dollars.”™” Later that year additional work was done in the Card Catalogue Room. The Librarian submitted a request for the alterations and enlargement of the Bates Hall catalogue station desk, together with plan and estimate of cost; and upon the motion of Mr. Benton, it was voted that the recommendation be approved ... and voted, that the president be authorized to execute a contract for the work with the Mellish, Byfield Company at a cost not exceeding four hundred and fifty-five dollars.** Light levels appear to have been a problem in Bates Hall from the time of its construction, as evidenced by additional lighting that appears in the early photographs of the room. By 1900, when the clocks were added to the partitions separating the north and south apses, globe lamps had been added to the partition bookcases. At about this same time, gooseneck lamps were also mounted on the cornices of the oak bookcases around the perimeter of the room and on the partition bookcases (fig. I-36). Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 During the early years there were also some furniture changes. Tables were added to and removed from the reading room. Additional card catalogue cases were installed; and at some point, at least by 1931, the catalogue cases were changed from cases placed along the south wall to free standing cases in the center of the space. In 1931, Bates Hall received its most comprehensive alterations. The architects for this work were Fox & Gale of Boston, a firm that had been doing work at the Library as early as 1900. The 1931 work included replacing the terrazzo floor, the addition of new tables BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 148 ye ep ean ® 00) cnet cadhly 0 ppl ee bee opened He VOTES" ae Lory (geil amiaag fem ly in gine yet yi errs MAD tiniclive« edd iit? a a tui : ai os viriee ives olieaested : T TAs try O | ‘Sinlpis OG tracy { h vf 9 “<1 r7t ” Qoietes ir : © tou 08 @ ac.- st int Be Ee ~ in tl? ath boiks an osu | OO 0 LA, & ' ~ 4 eo "TH fed ty ~” ine | ¥ 2 ‘j iE UAT eal wile eh, © Fant peste yy Gl OFTEat ask» is oe: bt wiih, ‘wMigsh? wy say t i bof 7 - ‘oie. ta. TAT ee Gre wil + hosing A SER v fi = ‘Naa tah Te bie | ms elton 9 ’ $j ida. ert Sai im wel boy reals ental) epee beatae he “ine A wes > gaat aie take act pele 1 " rata. yee toi apn el wsanape a ice apmven WN J Al peti diy oI ee Vries Ba. 4 werkt wh darling ew’ gihealiigey pes tte cuninhie al! etna) ig es Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall and card cases in the Card Catalogue Room; the addition of the reference desk at the center of the west side of Bates Hall and; the repainting of the ceiling and wall panels. The drawings and specifications for this work are in the BPL archives.™ As drawn and specified, the terrazzo floor work included the replacement of the terrazzo border and field and the marble aisles. The yellow Verona marble border of the original floor was retained. The terrazzo floor in Bates Hall was less than 40 years old, which was well within its life expectancy. The reason for its replacement was not wear, but rather the accommodation of new electrical wiring and the installation of the pneumatic tubes for the book retrieval system. In the existing floor, yellow Verona marble frames the perimeter of the hall; while the paths that cross the hall are constructed with 10-inch buff colored marble squares. The installation of the reference desk in the reading room of Bates Hall was the first major use change for the room. Oniginally the exclusive domain for quiet reading, the reading room now began to function as service space as well. The placement of the reference desk was studied prior to its installation. One location that was not chosen was abutting the east wall at the center of the Hall. The desk’s final location, directly in front of the vestibule into Bates Hall from the Grand Stair, significantly altered the patrons’ entry into the grand room. Rather than looking up at the great vaulted ceiling, their attention was now directed towards getting around the reference desk (fig. I-42).*” The building of the reference desk required that several tables be removed from Bates Hall. The reference desk was built on a wooden platform. Its base was faced with red Verona marble, like the walls of the Hall, and it was constructed of oak. Across from the reference desk, in front of the east wall was a private desk. The new furniture in the card catalogue room seems to have been designed to accommodate the increased growth of the Library’s holdings. The new furniture included tables, desks, and card cases. As noted above, at least by 1931, the original card cases that lined the south wall had been abandoned and replaced with free-standing cases.” The 1931 painting of the wall panels and ceiling represents the repainting of the ceiling for the first time. As confirmed in the SPNEA report, this repainting effort attempted to match the original ceiling colors. It is also interesting to note that the stonework in Bates Hall was cleaned as part of this contract.” The next well-documented change to Bates Hall was the replacement of the table lamps in 1947. The architects for this work were Ames, Child & Graves of Boston. The pairs of double neck gooseneck lamps were replaced with a single bronze strip lamp that extended the full length of the reading tables.*” In 1953 the uses of the room changed somewhat. Although Bates Hall continued to house the General Reference Department BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 149 | ; — #0 te et “ne ioral) ls ae Roy aw tne is geile ont ty Poe tow cm jepetetype (a ate ad oun thy Viet 03) LAC ESt wee 1H iszSiP « ithe oes toni) oni ot looted sites et AT tin ey, - Tire “ee vs Brik , (We. O1RE aj vaaledioain a? ; ee lL. ye es Tl be el ') ie (ld Rey Pe? Gat teenies ¢ eres . eae ker ¢ ip mere Qtr Tes qietiiasentl erie Brin, | | ’ Pet § Ossie ’ : ys a i esen Aves chpiewt @ila ote Uh ‘ ps a ms > ; : ; dy ye ve OL Gaee - “it A tha SMO ea “Of: Tank qh “re Jad Mey : vill . is aoe Se ve Py TE bata aut Ve ime rc thse) 1 nip dt val) ea vis at) vil rer vn rit ere NAI9 5 ween rer it ee ie ee ‘Vepudaole Rees. re T ati WIRALEY Poor. & aA a) hue? o Ge mn Inti Ss MYND llada | + = Wd ee et Lael bea yi Cr) he Ceapedets ett ales Te et cya i iy bearttiwe sd i bap aid) ee ell denim ovr & vow f bein abt TETT ducitap wars Le ow Eel ve 4 i) te Pera ettieyh MiGad pestry ls aie bigd ‘ew ulegege oa feel al > a “antie oa iit Ve TR?) Sh) Gee rine: Qa Dg Wy De OF eA) Joety: i Ui dteterierntings ofl toe hgh OW opiieey a: parley aah) be stint mente ak be eared Hy py dete Wr cee) eB sat qv al pith Ma HH ip ad Ippe@ily ‘wins » kesaie specail nag yp aks ey Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Bates Hall in the central portion, the southern end housed the Literature and Languages Department and the northern end housed the History Department.” Lighting was also a major component of the work undertaken in Bates Hall in 1958. The architects for this project were Ames & Graves.” The 1958 work included: the upgrading of the 1947 table lamps; the removal of the gooseneck lamps and installation of bronze strip lights on the bookcases around the perimeter of the room; the installation of new lamps on the card catalogue and reference desks; and the remodeling of the floor lamps. A significant visual change in the design of the floor lamps was the addition of the lampshades (fig. I-42). Other work undertaken in 1958 included the repainting of the ceiling and the refinishing of the wood trim and furniture in Bates Hall. The window curtains were also added as part of this work. The contract calls for the replacement of the shades in the south apse windows. However, the hanging of the curtains appears to have precluded their installation. The stipulation in the contract that the existing shades be removed suggests that there were shades in the south apse windows from the orginal furnishing of Bates Hall until 1958." A photograph of Bates Hall taken after the 1958 work was completed, shows that the private desk in front of the reference desk has been replaced with benches with a high frame at their back. No documentation has been found identifying this as 1958 work, although it appears to be of this vintage (fig. I-43). The final documented changes in Bates Hall were undertaken in 1962.*” Again Ames & Graves were the architects for this work. It included the installation of new heating pipes and radiators along the east wall of Bates Hall and the installation of the glass doors in the west wall. New glass doors were installed in the doorways from the south apse into the Abbey Room, from the Reading Room into the Abbey Room, and from the reading room into the existing Card Catalogue Room (formerly the Children’s Room). This work may have been done in conjunction with the moving of the card catalogue from the south apse and the subsequent refurnishing of that space which occurred in 1961. (See Delivery Room section). Between 1960 and the 1990s restoration, no major redecorating had been done in Bates Hall. Minor changes were made, such as replacing the floor mat, adding new chairs in the reading room, and adding supplementary light—floodlights on the floor lamps. These alterations only detracted from the historic character of the Hall, and combined with Bates Hall’s dirty, deteriorated finishes and poorly functioning mechanical systems, transformed McKim’s grand architectural space into a dark and gloomy space where patrons’ overlooked much of the room’s fine architectural finishes. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 150 eayeugeed | da Vana al bein im 7 gees I ote “er targeal yaa mie tae caer ow Saf alt ¢ nr a ae sft lou ght nou 9, eee tyme 2 hai phen sa Aettiecey oils tee joew Stel aT ~ ap pcs idfin oc’ bon eandel ame: ut) art shen an ds bach voile tet. ties wie 4 tomh rea exk a 4 ; : OMA Sat MA 448 ee rhs i) ‘phe hy eee ce well pel *” i } » aod Sat Be ‘ vide wi: & , bir «sie sitttcs eit tight ‘ cn | ui nhs laws ayes Pie “0 > . ee od . A fabs poy he nniieten ool) past tm Wh aalbaddehaa stl 8 hig diaplitrse ai08 em ae pilbmh anbuite ontee bop Ly * bhOt th : (ve chen boomigraes mew oe Bi ks ds wil 20 a00 pamad Th oh net went. re pes ok Sigg | de oi} Seob AM) 1007 ne Geel : . Ap ale Bette apart = od ee. dod wena & : thal ee ' oor , 7 a (Mia sites 4 aetbces in opetaenals botulaaig —_ oe leo) lg tals Low hee ww goole an . 2 rit avond megtewied ty of ‘a ian : vee afi ? sia ow «Ay : a : t itt agi Sa ey” tartan of alk “Le Mies as VAlet ) colin Cas ete sti PAe ¥ ‘4 eres nT rhc d ehentPliene “og Arvo ives bn? , | 5 7 y teh - 7 ‘ Biter Baal > melt wo ‘at ef : PF Whe ‘yas i 4089 | > Wena ttn “i ) nut need dowd a ate? wr Selsey oe, » qt (4@a'% é . 4 1a, Gqacey 94 te) 4 ; bia hs I GAN wth ‘ich . fit afte ws vend) ep te wi RS Eecvenls —Fi Lnuklasos bog [iefd sgt to ropeeceitle Pm” viVet A ‘rutin gre Tea hy on vente tonage eases bavi! pein Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room tiosLes Delivery Room (a.k.a. Abbey Room) 1990s Restoration Room No. 401 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Waiting Room Monograph Delivery Room 1895 Delivery Room 1897 Waiting Room 1898 Issue Department (called “Delivery” in Trustees Annual Report) 1902 Issue Department 1908 Issue Department 1961 Abbey Room (Public Catalogue) 1975 Abbey Room (Public Catalogue removed) Plan as built in 1895 N-> “ - Veo nr - se se wseeenwr wee wevewe. CPE STACKS ee ee ee ee eee aos) saris : a: =3 { = af cost Wem te ea ee cant =| eg , : : NEWSPAPER ’ = im | S88 ARCADE ROOF READING ROOM Jj 1 eoseeee ewes eee otros or a - me —— > | oir ae Se nee oy ol | Serre qy : a cae “™™POMPENAN ~ VENETIAN LOBBY STAIRCASE CORRIDOR LOBBY CHILDREN'S ROOM : _ BATESHALL : Sete resaes “hes LOBBY : : BATES HALL CENTRAL LIBRARY, BATES HALL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 151 ee Pater. 7 oy z Dd ae! vA) a4 ak : 2 et . oe ste ? ies ; Y Te + | : hy vi Se? ei ibe > ud vs nl na - r) eter i i qin gle wn : } nt ee 4y ee aydae ny ere pons «he & a Se ee 7 . - i P , 4 ‘ ba r - +4 } \ i y ¢ Pa a: ¥y one 4 ee , iz eo & q ® 5 e , SP , . = 5 ‘ eri whee ee ° | : Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room Library as Completed 1895 Purpose The Delivery Room, located directly outside Bates Hall, was originally where books for home borrowing were requested, picked up, and returned. Books for use in Bates Hall could also be requested here; its proximity to Bates Hall made it the logical location to serve this purpose. Library users would bring their call slips to the delivery desk, behind which was a distributing room. The distributing room, or “Tube Room,” contained pneumatic tubes into which the request slip would be placed for transport to the stack containing the requested book. Attendants in the stacks would receive the slip, locate the book, and send it back to the Delivery Room in baskets on an electrically powered Book Railway System. This system, borrowed from similar systems used in department stores as an overhead package and change conveyor, was a library innovation (figs. I-46, I-50).*" Physical Description On October 31, 1893, the Trustees approved McKim’s revised drawings for the Delivery Room at the cost of $32,000. In 1895 Herbert Small described the Delivery Room as the “most sumptuous room in the Library,””” although it was not yet fully completed. He described a heavily raftered ceiling painted in deep blues and purples, “heavy and elaborate” richly colored marble doorways and mantle, and a wainscot of light colored oak. These architectural details were further supplemented by Edwin Abbey’s paintings of the “Quest of the Holy Grail,” which ultimately covered the walls from the top of the wainscot to the ceiling. Jordy suggested that the feeling of the room is “suggestive of late medieval or early Renaissance halls of the English manor, which McKim, Mead & White had vernacularly adapted as the core of the freely disposed, informal planning of their early shingle houses.” Architectural Details and Finishes McKim’s use of four different types of marble in this 64-foot by 33-foot room contributed greatly to its image of sumptuousness (fig. I-44). Its floor was tiled with white Istrian and red Verona marbles. A low platform, which ran around the perimeter of the room and under the delivery desk, was also of marble. Correspondence between Wolters and McKim indicates that the platform may have been Numidian, red Verona, or Echaillon marble, but no definite evidence has been found as to what was finally decided.*” The three doorways on the east and north walls had Corinthian columns of variegated red and green Levanto marble, bases and capitals of deep red rouge antique marble, and entablatures of both types of marble. The entablatures of the doors were similar to those in Bates Hall but less elaborate. The 11-foot high mantel in the middle of the east wall BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 152 cwynt ww Igepal ta, i + Sie toh eoped doporretey byrpe ae j ‘ cuiges! od i phar ert espatl op se pesilets deh op agile Ho tine gold Lenny” geste’? Sarl wet Mierke ilee te i wtwnieass ay Grrsalee of nino ties ” tse , mai oF by seme ‘ shaban en ae Oe eee * a, q a 7 , t sWisosvy. ‘SB erase “stt) (i of - o oc wi, a ‘ ' bys pteny Qletdetadlin Aa in Rian a a ; i i: oo 10 watery dha pitas cuatids ailiaied > on: : . TT? (PL Ae OTE Vo: i! © acm 4} y tir rab wemdé 7y aS volt ; i setyer > vy Foe sew i dip evel he ier Cig aoa oe fra iedmey ie Gv 1 wwe nid aryy aL rapa erhegirs Wig ft beaneai we (teaver Tap gain? oft weg j Tie te AAS tee ‘atealall \ nari wha) avn wiley wie ee | a NaS BR "4A vif we atets rb af ail chow a 2a ge aie et) Pe) F a . ote SO eG, gets Like ne Ohne amino aeUa 4 dca On W LD teil te tae, ies mind 13 9D. alice ita ial alan ae ae wast rive “oh ated cern he seen eRe can enna st lee ith .> 40 dom oupOad SS ee ah O14) ( igoueld 7; ng eeatale Sle he es! 14 Rie Cut ots ei te peated pet a - oy ey ) . Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room was of highly polished rouge antique marble, heavily carved with Renaissance ornament (fig. I-48).°° The doors housed in the elaborate marble door surrounds were of wood and pigskin. The entrance from the staircase corridor was oak double doors. The doors leading to Bates Hall were covered with pigskin, and had oval windows cut into them. In 1895, the oak wainscot was described as light and somewhat incongruous with the richer tones of the rest of the materials. Small claimed, however, that it would be darkened and decorated with gilding to match the gilt moldings and pilasters in which Abbey’s paintings were framed.” Fluted pilasters with Corinthian capitals divided the panels of the wainscot and support a heavily modeled oak cornice.*"” Low wooden benches were mounted on the platform that ran around the perimeter of the room. The ceiling, which was constructed of four large wooden crossbeams intersected by 57 smaller beams running north-south, was also unfinished in 1895. As of then, the background was painted a deep purple and the beams were blue with red accents. Like the wainscot, the ceiling decoration was to be enriched with gilding.”’ An undated drawing presumed to be a design drawing illustrates the ceiling decoration and gives instructions for its treatment (fig. D-19). At the bottom of the drawing, it says: All painted ornaments in three and four colors to each figure and a final glaze over each. Relief ornaments to be gilded and glazed in colors. All plain work of ceiling and beams to receive four coats of oil paint in various colors.” In fact, the ceiling was adorned with low relief, gilded ornamentation, but the wainscot, although darkened with stain, was never gilded. Fixtures and Furnishings The first account of the Delivery Room mentions several notable pieces of furniture. Across from the mantel, there was a long oak delivery desk flanked by two iron electric light standards supported upon the backs of two large white marble tortoises.""” These light standards sat on their own square platforms of marble (fig. I-45). Directly in front of the fireplace was a row of slatbacked wooden chairs that Jordy describes as “Windsor- like.”*'* Other early photographs show several tables with more of these chairs around them (fig. I-47).*’° Wrought bronze torchieres were mounted one on either side of the mantel, the door in the north wall, and the window in the south wall. These decorative fixtures, which are still hung in the room, have a large globe surrounded by six smaller bulbs. In addition, in 1895 there was a bulletin board on which titles of new publications BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 153 ri Negales ng ow ne aie chap era geek ma She ets , ey af ( rcelp sida, Lay out td? ae Hooter aro iste s SVM IS inrie wlth @ Kone istg if. pyre i eee >it Aensiaty len “i . * bee dere 8 OT ihe eg te * Alf ne f eee Alpin cronelig be vie ? uy owogl. -: - raetey Sate Yi Stat with qin : oan ty | ed Li (eTeO my: sits beyestvt start tmz iy pri i ay ww *. vel fa eer) alee aoboaer speak - santas iol f " ‘Oy, cyan Fe as, AE! «ti hartusrleal @ mikes d ; ; ui gal) hod. Ie lov suid eae wot ye Ree ‘ pryeiin lp freee an yout clue Bow OD oO ie Abd dee eee bee SOI Goon Qe he ottwath «lee bd i i oe ee ye Me Oh ert) it Winn’ @ Gales Hh cee om on ae duh lean sieterie Notiig alist aie) ahlgbor igisers andi t ee Ss wa nodnell Meal peyenss re seleg om elitha yy “yan: le come) ape eel. Gg) Ae ri in’ ase «beagle acaee ; i wT AS sea yas fine bal Fg letoime ue >. #7. oR Pint ae uics Una it FURR Wok] ey eer peg . noltgacuy ap ol by tra neuigatt ‘pile bai ttt GSR wert la bet drithe pata ae Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room were posted, an oak case where the popular new books were displayed, and two cabinets holding a card catalog of fiction, popular history, and biography.”” On May 14, 1895, the Trustees approved that venetian blinds should be ordered for the Delivery Room windows, but existing photographs do not show any of the windows, so it is not certain that this was done.” In April 1895, Bowker Torrey & Co. was commissioned to create a marble table in place of the wooden one in the room.””” Only two weeks after the contract for $1,996 was awarded, the Trustees wanted out of the contract.” After negotiations, Bowker Torrey finally accepted a fee of $200 for the release of the contract, and the marble table was 320 & 321 never done. Artwork: Abbey Murals Edwin Austin Abbey, although an established and respected book and magazine illustrator, was at first glance an unlikely candidate to be chosen to do mural paintings for the Library. Originally from Philadelphia, Abbey resided in England where he became close friends with John Singer Sargent. The story of Abbey’s selection, as related by Walter Muir Whitehill, was that on a visit to New York in 1890, Abbey happened to dine with John Singer Sargent, McKim, White and Augustus St. Gaudens. During the dinner, McKim became convinced that Abbey should “try his hand for the first time at mural painting.” In May of that year, McKim brought Abbey to Boston to see the building and meet with the Trustees. Abbey, so impressed with what he had seen in Boston, agreed to do the mural paintings while at the same time, McKim convinced Samuel Abbott and the Trustees to commission him to decorate the Delivery Room.” On February 17, 1893, Abbey signed a contract to provide murals for the walls in the Delivery Room for $15,000. As to the subject of the paintings, Abbey explained his choice of the “Quest of the Holy Grail” in an “Argument of Decoration” submitted to the Library: As the decorations with which I have been entrusted are for the Delivery Room of a Public Library, it has seemed to me appropriate to seek my subject in legendary romance, the fountainhead from which many branches of literature have sprung, and after much study and research among its various cycles, I have chosen the ‘Quest of the Holy Grail’ as a suitable theme. This legend is a source of romance common to all the peoples from whom modern literature has been derived, poets and thinkers alike, from medizval times to our own day, having used it as a type of the loftiest goal of man’s effort. The reason for this is that the elaboration of the Grail legend represents the first effort of the early singers of song and tellers of tales, forerunners of the poets and novelists of later times, to divert the attention of their rude audience from deeds of violence and brutality by holding up for their admiration the life of the ‘Blameless Knight’ and to impress upon them that the higher BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 154 wichidas vattoun townie i aio wae padi vutgedd hes seh? *eh hceetre wt [towels cal apna “wi Peabeitn «leio ¢tin whe 8 ’ | a © “'chguy @ Meavin < sp iaiahiahiiametieg. > ae Ste erm netigoet 4 Lh wh oa) hie Perks 670 bn eee sown beau jo pares ban bot piece Needy 1) ah erties wt os clan tf mupi 4 cf Peaien veddiA rst lat ‘1 mh, Re © Whe io mote a tT i | peabed Dae | i woll ) tae ins " -lehoe) 2 dee A. Suu ini. wD vot) Lim agt abe? Wil? Delascgele vik we eo yell: nimived ot Gao pina austin thie bskeeu tw DotA ned: eeiedas mia amh see reap 100 mud vied) ot beaks 7EaD, | reel 4t-an) piellow +f) Ta | Sb si) hte ’ pelt be slags, oat two csialipace! | ends sity at tegsign fal ' a ot esi onal ee <7 i Vier? ont patogey ght 1) sath nahin i geelecne Jonge Bats tps (Opa me | re ae it hae raat aki) wrt 5. Cage) etd eres a) hse Mend ae ee ern eee 4 ‘yy oeny te pee cad ee i aoiihe to th fa a Whee. ' pme Leipe sik' w apo 4 ie 8 Oren ; ¢ Pease wa th is hem rer) #t) wer ay ae ey ee is ie HI COLO Bren on ON ae 0k ig AP a ei ee nerd Lig erie ds ; nad vo ae ea wo ee eee GF |) bus tht ne Ber; eed Te Se Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room qualities of Mercy, Gentleness and Virtue were not incompatible with deeds of the highest knightly 325 valor. ~ Abbey’s choice of the “Quest for the Holy Grail” is considered here as an episode of the story of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Around the time of the paintings’ installation, Henry James wrote a bnef summary of the story. His interpretation is now distributed in the Abbey Room for observers to consult while viewing the paintings. The Holy Grail was fabled to be the sacred vessel from which our Lord had eaten at the Last Supper, and into which (having purchased it from Pontius Pilate), Joseph of Arimathea had gathered the divine blood of His wounds. Its existence, its preservation, its miraculous virtues and properties were a cherished popular belief in the early ages of European Christianity; and in the folk-lore from which the twelfth-century narrators, Walter Mapes in England, Chretien de Troyes in France, and Wolfram von Eschenbach in Germany, drew their material, it was represented as guarded for ages in the Castle of the Grail by the descendants of the “rich man,” to whom the body of Jesus had been surrendered, where it awaited the coming of the perfect knight, who alone should be worthy to have knowledge of it. This perfect knight is introduced to us in the romances of the Arthurian cycle, so largely devoted to the adventures of the various candidates for this most exalted of rewards. Incomparable were the properties of the Grail, the enjoyment of a revelation of which conveyed, among many privileges, the ability to live, and to cause others to live, indefinitely without food, as well as the achievement of universal knowledge, and of invulnerability in battle. This revelation was the proof and recompense of the highest knightly purity, the perfection constituting its possessor the type of the knightly character; so that the highest conceivable emprise for the Companions of the Round Table was to attain to such a consecration—to cause the transcendent vessel to be made manifest to them. The incarnation of the ideal knighthood in the group here exhibited is that stainless Sir Galahad, with whom—on different lines—Tennyson has : nie. 326 touched the imagination of all readers. i Small suggested that Abbey picked and chose from the various interpretations of the legend that James mentioned above. Abbey concentrated mainly on the French and German sources of the twelfth and thirteenth century. Small wrote, “The legend is variously told in these earlier romances, and Mr. Abbey has chosen and rejected in order to produce a more orderly and effective story, but he has preserved throughout the main thread of the theme.”*”” Five of the eight-foot high paintings were installed in April 1895, covering half of the empty wall space in the room. Although the Library murals were Abbey’s first mural commission, they received high praise both for artistic merit and choice of subject matter. In the New England Magazine, Herbert Walker said of the murals, “... the delicacy of drawing and deliberate distrust of sensational technique ... mark it as a very unusual and excellent example of mural decoration.”*” Of the subject matter, T. R. Sullivan wrote, “The subject was singularly well selected for its place and purpose.... A more suggestive and inspiring theme than this for such a waiting-room could scarcely be conceived.”™” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 155 ; i . tgs > Ad choy revit ceP techy et, @ire een v —~ Lamy ly vbesehs a te 2d Rouleneas i, ho if i Geiger, aig ben . —s aril ab i ean m0 8 * . tou fosteee ance iyed Ge? Goliad ees bis army) 2. We wh ipaq pat nition . us i het! vip ars) hcp gt ree hie Di oe cv ow iF he - ‘mbar T ip owhaia beret ot et eg we | 9 ; hy ate ya Ade ner: ew @ being aay ve pei 2 io et Sls ie 19” ay vie eevee ri % ~ihe ide (AAs COOP 84 Oh WO rudram @s : vauertre 91") (A phe oH iveaiag wel ms au roll ¥ peels 000 egies of rm We a eee ye nay Here Cty ot ; : wel) Os Feed pirat ow hie » tp: be ‘ine? eel ee tid le Yyret cog wise § ce gt flue» shee ih aS i A 7 eye, ery eral oie weenie is bel oe? ovine ea r my i ot e ty, oD Subir mobs Tour’ Q ely Bs ¥ ad mee ; writes 44 oO of col nia? , 7 4 ‘y 90 knee Meier ot?’ ovat? as. US Tie : oe « iCguss jead lawladdt) anh 7 oe bride be DO Or 9, Rey ty ot b' +66) (iPr aeett DIMA noOD woh, i eo all wa Han? it (05 ieew ae JS Ie hasan bah. Aeaarte eel nal 7M Dee 138 j q = “at yeh? se) Peart meager wl hod pgiete ie - : : bis i iia L Wi ate OA? lovee os Soa ba i (thor LES ete i hee Ment pd well ; tis pint vs ae i-ethe pear vides wat ee Slimane yir aad hem. vs Gore doted © J AT i. wines f Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room A brief description of the panels follows: The first panel depicts Galahad as an infant held up by one of the nuns who raised him. He is visited by an angel carrying the Grail covered by a cloth and a flock of doves fly around, one of which carries a golden censer. In the second panel, an older Galahad dressed in a red robe, kneels before a shrine in an accurately depicted ancient Celtic chapel. Sir Lancelot and Sir Bors, both dressed in twelfth century chain armor, confer on him the order of knighthood by fastening the spurs upon his feet. Nuns stand behind Bors and Lancelot, and angels and saints are also present. The third panel depicts Galahad being led to the Round Table of King Arthur by the white robed and hooded, Joseph of Arimathea. King Arthur rises from his throne under a baldachin decorated with carved Celtic dragons and supported by decoratively ornamented marble pillars, to greet them. A ring of angels hovers over the table around the circular hall. One angel lifts the cloth which was covering the Siege Perilous and reveals the words “This is the seat of Galahad” which float before the Siege. All the knights including Lancelot and Bors hold up the crosses of their swords in awe. In the fourth panel, the knights are bidding farewell on their Quest. Dressed in armor, holding their spears, they kneel in front of the archbishop who lifts up his hands in blessing. Priests kneel on either side of the altar, while King Arthur kneels on the steps. In the background, behind the grille are Queen Guinevere and the ladies of the court. The fifth picture, which encompasses the entire width of the north wall, depicts Galahad’s first adventure. It takes place in the Castle of the Grail in the hall of Amfortas where Amfortas, covered with a bearskin, lies suffering upon a Celtic coffin. The procession of the Grail—the angel holding the grail, two soldiers carrying seven-branched candlesticks, Herodias carrying the head of John the Baptist, and Longius, leaning against his spear—is at the right of the panel. The Grail shines brightly, tempting Galahad, but he does not ask the question required to free Amfortas from his lifeless state. The sixth panel, a small dark scene, is Galahad meeting the “Loathly Damsel” upon leaving the castle. He kneels in the lower left corner while she stands at the right. Galahad fights the seven deadly sins, personified by seven knights, in the seventh panel. Suited in armor over his red robe, he fends off the seven knights with his sword and shield. In the eighth panel, above the door, Galahad is presented the key to the castle of virtues by an aged monk. The ninth and largest of the panels directly above the mantel shows Galahad’s entrance into the castle. He is welcomed by a group of over 20 imprisoned maidens who outstretch their hands for him to kiss. The maidens are depicted in draped gowns and jewels characteristic of Abbey's attention to historic detail. In the tenth panel, above the southern door, Galahad parts from Blanchefleur, his new bride, to continue his Quest. Blanchefleur, dressed in bridal attire still clenches her bouquet in her lap while Galahad looks toward the servant holding his sword and shield. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 156 Waheed Seen ore sees ant gt a be rte Aw it one Soe agerh Waa e Ge ae a Ley a ee civ a ahd seed lite ae nen sists at besarily Ait Avetd WO bie Oe et ot Gale? equ uhh air gegen 96 he A 5 A neta clint nO 5a es MGT inion meee ann a te ar a abe ex ihe notte Spheres won ‘ | wna aay ti Craven by ef baie scl con sith i hoe seal ) ns ei capes SOO) GA ious ve Oe shee aw eave him scale ners weaeG ofl peihes " hat} rr iow? Bee ey tere Pde Diet mot Ae aeRe wr tt Dngayts pet) wan. ww 4 ond sella i 4 x) moog we erat my! me or ~ ray tye yy Sete oA al Aopd 4 nyt pee We preg sak eee ibs ertpietetiees): Jaa one 66 6 die shoei abl Di th tradte tcp het. 10 ty ott ef ee ott ie “a oie oer angateadreers wae AnD oe Wap ony Ca | ad salty bocuh israel opligt? les 3 eevee al WERT YT apill 10 oO eye iigrhar’ 074) ae Una 7 She 4 , ; 4 ts oot tt ' ett “ani we qenimewe bel fae CFS ' 4 4D *cK Mg whictef 4 ¢ 4 a rat ota ae, veh fpona “ » ett teal) ny i ely non thee Hi Od oohind weeks eer’ by alge erie gerd Fire hides al @ o> oe ati: ae cyte) aang Lanting om i ow et ay) west Oe aly +a pola srt . ee ae Ata va HC a a on > Ot apd, lari acl ean wl fie qa) tee! me dguipand, Nabil Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room Galahad returns to the Castle of the Grail in the eleventh panel, to release Amfortas from his “earthly bonds.” The angel with the Grail accompanies him. The twelfth panel shows Galahad atop a white charger carrying a banner and followed by the people. In the thirteenth panel, Sir Galahad is aboard Solomon’s Ship. The angel with the Grail is seated in the bow of the ship, and three spindles made from the “Tree of Life” rest upon a pillow in the stern. The fourteenth panel is a distant view of the City of Sarras to which Galahad has come. The final panel shows Galahad casting off the crown and sword as he is finally granted a viewing of the Grail held up by Joseph of Arimathea. A group of angels surrounds Joseph and Galahad. The branches of the Golden Tree are in the foreground. The Grail, crown, and angels’ halos are golden and in low relief in this culminating panel. Library Alterations to 1909 Purpose The pneumatic tube system was improved in 1898 to make it more efficient in terms of space and to speed up the issuing of books. Originally, the 28 pneumatic tubes stretched out in a line, but in 1898 they were grouped in a circle “for more convenient operation.” The original design was criticized in the 1914-15 Annual Report as “inadequate.” It stated that “the tubes were in a long straight row, so that a person had to walk back and forth to serve them (fig I-46).*' This change is illustrated in the building plans contained in the 1898 Trustees Annual Report and in a photograph (fig. I-51).*” From the delivery desk, the books still had to be hand-delivered to other locations in the Library. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes In 1901 the unfinished ceiling was “treated with ornaments in lead, in low relief, having been applied to the beams and painted with a slight use of gold.” Mr. H. M. Lawrence of the Lewis F. Perry & Whitney Company of Boston carried out this decorative work.*” In his 1908 edition of the handbook, Small describes the finished ceiling ornament that remains today. The large beams are decorated with raised lead ornaments that are nailed to the beam and heavily gilded. These ornaments—scrolls, rosettes, and cupids—have a Renaissance character and were reportedly intended to resemble the Venetian ornament in the Library of the Doge’s palace in Venice, Italy. The ground of the large beams is tinted with greens, browns, blues, and yellows. The smaller beams are treated in a similar fashion, but with smaller scale ornament. The deepest spaces on the ceiling are tinted a BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 157 ' emia” stl eon) emptied peel oa. Ditieg alee on ig wy Be. Wa bad wie egies ict at as Papa Me 64% = & es = iv ¥tae ont eS) (ye ae “als v0 were” ‘Meir avant uae warren Wayeal aalie 2 » aeereale 3 “ni | ries it hah Wo geiveny » Swenmacrg Pilati ds atin’ @ehepldh ss Gate nears dale r Wee ay Cagatrecibars elects e eH eps rae), if AT Hrs eeginn ty TT aval pean li ger ee ae rit At Yagioethe frie Ht aatare on AGE at & | Pym che Sere BE ant) Menignt dowel i Ges teed yal” Savi # st ty mache Nar ae, MivGtRS caeit mt baits ; ob ye, eae cai ot va «8 i if sels piesa a ogerarts sid’ mel eS eter ney, 3 bres teorrtidd deena Mi ett.) both wiinviac-baad of of beth det “ol ot J vGah ol atouepo tet curse Bet, gue a ee "9 tade “yEebeg ty WE ate Ootrigs of? jects unions Apriad gels 2 wr ists panda ce , Pi i - vi 04 bone hpy, ja > vie aS ; Nar Es ate ° 9 Newte ta Shireav ast) stsiaaeg oth A hired “ vs i uw while © it bose vie pee . w SAY gre Boies ely we Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room dull blue.™ A frieze running around the top of the walls is similarly decorated, and a small gilded molding connects it with the ceiling. This molding also runs along the tops of the large cross beams. Fixtures and Furnishings In 1897, two chandeliers were added (fig. I-47), and in 1898, the registration desk was moved from the Children’s Room to the Delivery Room. Artwork: Abbey Murals The installation of all 15 panels of “Quest of the Holy Grail” was completed in January 1902, at which point Abbey was paid the balance of his commission.” In addition to the Lewis F. Perry & Whitney Company, which prepared the walls and gilded the frames for the Abbey paintings, F. L. Whitcomb and Charles Emmel were reported to have done staging and modeling associated with the installation of the paintings.*” Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 The alterations occurring after 1909 were mainly use changes, furniture additions and removals related to these use changes, and upgrading of mechanical systems for both practical and aesthetic reasons. A distressing entry in the Report of the Director in the Trustees’ Annual Report for the year ending January 31, 1925, related the following: After thirty years of use most of the mechanical equipment of the Central Library has now broken down. The book carrier system has been out of commission for several months, necessitating the carrying of all books by messenger, with a consequent delay in service. The frequent breakdown of the pneumatic tube system which carries the call-slips for books from the issue room to the various floors of the library stacks, has resulted in serious delays, confusion, and on the part of the users of the Library many complaints.” The 1924-25 Trustees Annual Report noted that increased appropniations had allowed for many needed repairs including repairing and rebuilding the book railway system. However, no mention was made of the pneumatic tubing. The 1926 Annual Report then says the Book Railway system was “completely over-hauled.” In 1928, new marble blocks were also laid in some sections of the floor.” The lighting of the Delivery Room seems to have been a problem throughout its history. In 1923, after her husband’s death, Mrs. Abbey objected to the lighting in the room. Accordingly, the Trustees ordered that all lights over the paintings be removed and that BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 158 9 Awe Joma vliphoade a these ett Wo « . wits pe’) Perot: -c0') VA @idylews att Seria: t " rola hae 4 ty MBL aktbe CT ar | Wale ny Gr Tie ior ai io Meade bi caf Liver aeaabslh quelamp ab wiedla Mad és) inavrionngn Soeur uti visit Levee vee iat _tepgh and yess bas gor is why rie 7% lay coh OR band Arkiv « pies oie oe 1 PRE ol * Leahenget os vara rt Shei Arte hestphdewg a ap at S208 Cit snenhgil ati os gels fires Spreng of epee Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room the curtains be replaced with others that would control the lighting of the room.™ In 1928, new lighting fixtures were installed in the Delivery Room,” yet in 1932 and 1933, the Examining Committee ordered that the lighting needed improvement. In 1933 they suggested consulting with a lighting engineer to improve the situation.” Whitehill makes an interesting point in his most recent article, stating that the Abbey murals were created to be seen in the low light levels provided by McKim in the first incarnation of the room. Sensibilities to light levels may have changed by the 1920s and 30s prompting the desire for more light in the room. However, in these higher light levels, the murals take on a totally different character than Abbey intended. Drawings, from 1932 to 1934, produced by Fox & Gale Architects, indicate major changes to the room, including the addition of desk lights and table lights. A set of drawings from 1932-33 indicate that built-in oak bookcases and a counter were installed above the existing benches in the northeast corner of the room. The perimeter step was removed in front of the cases. In addition, there are new tables and desks with lights and benches in the center of the room.” There is no photographic documentation or physical evidence in the room to confirm that these changes actually occurred. The 1934 Fox & Gale drawings, however, show changes that are substantiated by physical evidence in the room.*” These drawings detailed the installation of an oak railing running from the east to west directly underneath the large rafter at the south end of the room. This railing, made of turned oak balusters, acted as a low partition that sectioned off the southern end of the room. There were two openings in the railing for passage from one side to the other. In addition, these drawings called for the removal of the portion of the platform step that ran directly in front of the south window. Although no photographs have been found of the room with the railing, there is a strip of replacement floor tile set into the original tile at the exact location of the railing in the drawings. It is logical to assume that the railing in the drawings or something like it was installed here, and upon its removal the existing repairs were made. No furniture is shown in the drawings, so it is unclear what purpose this railing actually served. The railing was removed during the 1961 campaign of alterations discussed below.” No references to changes in the room were found again until December 1947 when a new Electric Lighting System for the Abbey Room is illustrated in a drawing from the office of Ames, Child & Graves. This drawing includes a ceiling plan, elevations of the room, and details of light fixtures.“ The existing central hanging light fixture was installed at this time (fig. CI-21). Called a “Mural Light,” this fixture is a rectangular wooden box with lights mounted within it. The lights are arranged in such a way that they are hidden by the wooden box and angled to light the Abbey murals. The metal “shields” sull remaining on the torchieres were also put in at this tme. The 1947 Ames, Child & Graves drawings were also the first to note the recessed downlights cut into the beams. It appears BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 159 pee ry; : i aa . Mal it agin a a, pte Rn-neet Pusciie wit omoigdl OF tpael 1 7 ¢ SRaAlen-; rn 4 ae Diein viet Pua Wee sie) vas engt & cq he Peak | ven Time & Sci te \etegthiee dT aac. ht tee Mi re ‘6 Gig Mite ehauh. haa 05 vias wn “a fy tf) Sorina sift rn) t- *wvErtitroe> vileiyt kes Cae elegy MDS 610 a tuners wos tAny: ie ie Aa ach nstigngh as ; te WE, See ack: Ateertaien ; » hoi Sieg vol oe Baers creme wiiiiwt Mary Kyaitaage owl sie oC ote tO) Deli gal skal ee \ weap ey of ee ails te sao aj a : y TMi getien acti fie NEN aR Simla eT Fie aa SO oun olen Saad Oe LOE ep athee imi * 1 agent A twitter aT Oin viyvtrs seal + yertlats ong! ‘ yey wi eastis yest ai wate’ heared arr. , rk b dhe feel hates srbeges Hina HoT yl nil pepeeis a baegaian Pay anc a V8 he 6 iE IO aerial kil ua is al Ati) iw Ua aed em ee een ddd. bed tet Melon's aheguperie uti: “3 a ey ee Meee ee | Me hb le WH AMRID ceah che aT Ls oareng 3 ation el park ey ath Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room that, when the holes were cut, the wood around each opening was either replaced or repainted. In the beams that run east-west, the raised ornaments of the center medallions are gone. However, the flat beams have been repainted to look like the raised ornament is still present. Presumably, the installation of the lights required the removal of this raised ornament. A 1948 Ames, Child & Graves drawing details the addition of a bookcase under the window on the south wall. It fits precisely between the benches, and its top aligns with the marble window sill.’ No photographs of this installation have been found. In April of 1953, the first drawings were made for moving the Public Catalogue into the Abbey Room from the southern apse in Bates Hall. These drawings show that some card catalogue cabinets and reference stands were already located in the center of the floor in the southern half of the room. They also show additional cases around the perimeter of the room and the “U” shaped reference desk in the center of Bates Hall.** The Delivery Room was not immune to the wave of changes sweeping the Library in the 1950s and ’60s. In 1961, as the 1953 Ames, Child & Graves drawing illustrated, the main card catalogue was moved from the apse of Bates Hall into the Delivery Room. A few years earlier, the Library had moved popular books for home borrowing to new open stacks on the ground floor, making the books readily accessible to the users, but leaving the Delivery Room with no apparent function.” By 1962, a new conveyor belt extended the old system into Bates Hall through a “Subveyor” that carried the books there in an elevator from Entresol A. Any function the Delivery Room originally served was then either on the ground floor or in Bates Hall. There are no photographs of the room at this time, but a description in Jordy’s book gives an impression of what it was like. He said that the installation of the card catalogue in the Delivery Room was a grave mistake, stating that the room “... all but lost its visual quality,” once the file cases filled the space.*’ He also lamented the fact that users would be deprived of the grand architectural experience McKim had created with his monumental staircase hall, since they could do all home borrowing without ever leaving the ground floor of the Library.*” This was precisely the intention of the prevailing Library administration’s “modernization” scheme that was heavily based on moving most of the public spaces to the ground floor level for the convenience of its users. The installation of the card catalogue in the Abbey Room required other changes in the room as well. The platform step and benches around the perimeter of the room were removed to make space for the card cases against the walls. A new terrazzo floor was installed in the location where the benches had been inset. In addition, new return moldings had to be created for the bases of the pilasters that were previously concealed by BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 160 —- a if Boag tars ag anlage Map Fi ust hy Cte: eoroee oes te preaeprinteced: ) (Tex, TD 1? ie ty (ei 2 wis vat beanlegon i ite > pitrer® aA Cryin arts! colt ey i va iv 7. ’ nate 2 : ‘sat Seachem) ay sapisehia det sig oO) i ape ortiasd aft chin’ conn) prod await tathieMacees! eit) is hee ak al ee Ay ies | a a he ye. alld cl gabon A shaiahty iy ten) ks AE UV rdeetaia:. send Ma enaallla farce uty ovvcrch om ' Ore 260 OF Bivevol whertin thew sag ot ao % Boa pacers bapa Rates ixsvobibbe ma pas a nel ‘ho ‘aud ana 48 cedB es cure 28 nt ting 7 =r dl a Ke 7 disap ater ies aa dots . MY 86, LOE rel ve courier yoo gta (fsamt Mqaert> lo svsw ial | Pop tiill eis ewes) A Mi onal, es axad rf sj ) abt lst one . a yin i tot a) not Teh gol jzarr 9°) OY sidbbegs 8 VO ete ail J rrnec wen 6 wwe! Vil “niall aT .82aP ey Deeper yas bari) toywile se? qr * fy , ve ; by fat? 4G iw eee) ee | ghtzacihy w& til oie eiets ti ot Coals (RCO Ml fp OTe ols india § iwi @ (oaany ot) peel onset fie,” depesea os Vee a4} owt oe fat] Riel pe by re ee ot ot ot Mt Dow Behe asl aebalel iV seg re Lan huss le) Gilet ere epi pastas oan ide ait mot lee he eniicnte by y ” 2) Or Ann do feast gieaee: unegael conway anoint ale = she Tes i, ne ct | ey St: ot eogauadl > sie Drs ca . ta ee ae act rw ery eh ee bet i, , =. dente abt . is aad) creed weet Ae BE os ne pe pers A dire p * = 7 yy. hres yw po a a earl _ Vy Bese thn. bags seit taal mecbioehy Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Delivery Room the benches. The sconces, now located underneath the original torchieres, were installed at this point, and are illustrated in the Ames, Child & Graves drawings of 1961.°° New ductwork in the delivery alcove and librarian’s rooms west of the Abbey Room necessitated cutting openings in the wainscot of the west wall and the installation of grilles to cover the vent openings. Also on the west wall, the window openings that led to the delivery alcove were opened up all the way to the floor, and the counter was removed from them. In addition, in 1963 the doors leading to the pombe Lobby and to Bates Hall were changed from wood and leather to “herculite.” The catalogue remained in the Delivery Room until the summer of 1975 when it was moved into the Elliott Room and the Children’s Room (406). The Delivery Room continued to be the delivery point for books from the research library stacks.*” The plan at this time was to restore the room by cleaning and polishing the marble floor and refinishing the woodwork in the room. Artwork: Abbey Murals The Trustees’ Annual Report, dated January 31, 1925, warned that, “The mural decorations demand immediate attention, in order to prevent serious deterioration.” This determination may have been prompted by a letter from Arthur Fairbanks, the Director of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. A reference to the letter in the Trustees minutes of January 9, 1925, only notes that it concerned cleaning of the Abbey paintings.” The letter has not been found in this research effort, and no other record of cleaning these paintings was found. As of the writing of this Historic Structure Report, the Delivery Room is somewhat restored to its original appearance. The card catalogue was removed and the benches replaced around the perimeter of the room. The date of the replacement of the benches is uncertain, but they are not shown in a 1977 photo.” Even now the benches are not installed as they were originally, attached to the wainscot and a low platform step. They are freestanding at the level of the floor. The platform step has never been replaced. Again, as in McKim’s day, the bottoms of the openings behind the delivery desk have been closed in. The upper half of the openings are no longer in use, and, therefore, often blocked with wood panels as well. The desk across from the mantel is not the original long oak delivery desk. It is detailed in the 1961 drawings, along with one reference stand that survives in the room today. Contemporary tables and chairs were moved in and out of the room, and no permanent furniture seems to be allocated at this point. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 161 belGn \! 98 eo rulyes Seugive “ah Aes veel ™ Dl de mete wen? 4 HA reidel 22 rots wcll lee teter onan « Sowe fa ume seat artt Dee aha? tee ‘byte 24 et coh eget ases wahabw a Sines Me Te SY tere a ttvcny ln nde eT mally ginal Py ite. % / 62? Grits al) 20 yen ieleorad? OU roca HE Lites seal not sgh Oe |. JR) ioc Cos Sl i : ae a" : Ay j 1 edema , - ’ ( . ? nag mee, { al é ji oe , vw “ th * "1 > i 5 - . ' 4 ° 4 — I - ; $ J ; | ‘ ; , Le 2 me " f i vo 8 (o=_™/?, «~~ j "— =F 4 f @ db “a ae ‘ ’ ' & ms 4 q , @ ij et) emit ham \ tp ; > - a ee : ~~ C1name Gin * i) r a cee” Pit 1 ° Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Librarian’s Room Library as Completed in 1895 In the Delivery Room, to the left of the door to the Delivery Alcove, there was a door that led to the Librarian’s office. This office had a terrazzo floor; American Oak doors, wainscot, and cornice; white marble mantel, jambs, and thresholds; plaster walls and ceiling, and; a brick hearth. Natural light came from four windows on Blagden Street.”” There were doors leading from this room to the Delivery alcove, to a small room housing the Chamberlain Autograph Collection, and to the service staircase. A mantel was located on the east wall, and opposite it on the west wall there was a recess (fig. D-22). Library Alterations to 1909 In 1898, the delivery alcove and librarian’s quarters were reconfigured into one space. The librarian’s office was moved to a new administrative suite in the stacks up a small flight of steps from the Autograph Room. The space formerly used as the Librarian's Room was converted into the Registration Department (fig. 1-52). It was entered through a wide new door at the end of the west wall of the Delivery Room. The registration desk had been moved to the Delivery Room in 1897, but apparently by the year 1908 the increased number of registrants necessitated a space solely dedicated to registration. The Registration Department had a built-in counter running the length of the room. There was a long cabinet, approximately 5-feet high, behind the desk, for registration card storage. The wall formerly separating the Librarian’s Room from the delivery alcove was removed, so the cabinet served as a partition between this department and the alcove. Light was now obtained from both the Blagden Street windows and the courtyard windows. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 A set of 1961 Ames & Graves drawings illustrates the installation of a drop ceiling of acoustical tile with air ducting hung above it.*” This installation drastically changed the appearance of the room concealing the high plaster ceiling and simple cornice designed by McKim. At this time, the Public Catalog was put into the Delivery Room and into the alcove as well. The Registration Department was no longer in the southern half of the room. Instead, this area was split into two rooms, one for the Director of Research and one for the “Officer in Charge.” There was a plaster partition between the two rooms, and in addition to the new furred acoustic ceiling, some finishes and details were changed. The terrazzo tile in both rooms was covered with rubber tile. In the Director’s office, a wooden chair rail and marble base molding were installed. Some paneling was removed, and new cabinets were installed in the west wall niche. In the office of the Officer in Charge, the base molding was of rubber BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 164 . Jatin Nosaaiegatboa sa 7 uit oedyh « ecw oe’ st ese a aa co ‘uo tect cont oupeier a hae m ic ull ow weeriq “eee hee oan t Late Ayaet ire Hila tater a ty, wre t loge «i webdl eae Ww celeewl ati der, sot vied, yi peed att > gaia ‘atte MOOD torneo gt Sas i at » Mice , C38! of Bi wan ie £6 | ative epra fae ehtrigen bve ‘citetgor) 4 tux volte eh i omen coe i ee iae, Os ia Twprds . ba | “ihe 4 fowl a es pawn: bagsii en me ee fa) iminoenharict : ! ; fo Bpnatoy Glade iivtel (ehry> ai obcwdiante a 70 . ule’ 4«.0,, eore ipak er roe y wad 7 | “air 7 ee ee Y | irs 6 a rh parole) seth ie Bipedes aud eeunaae + salting 6 ote ootig seyret A | yriect attr. erolen ating, ieowaitltbil Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Trustees’ Room, Waiting Room, Ante Room tested on the walls as well. Room descriptions and other evidence indicate that the moldings were eventually removed from the walls, and green velour material was installed (fig. I-55). According to the Trustees’ Minutes, after McKim was authorized to decorate the walls with “stuff of such fabric and color as he shall think best” in 1894 Elmer Garnsey was contracted to furnish and install the wall covering and window drapery for the room for the sum of $500.™ There is one large arched window in the south wall of the room. On the east wall, there is a gray limestone, French Renaissance mantle purchased by McKim in London from I. I. Duveen Importer of Antique and Decorative Furniture for $650 (fig. 1-53). Fixtures and Furnishings At the opening of the Library, there was a gilt chandelier hanging from the center of the ceiling. It had six frosted glass globes similar to those of the four wall sconces mounted on the east and west walls. Two fabric-shaded lamps are shown on an undated photo of the room. They have electrical cords connecting them to the chandelier in the ceiling (fig. I-56). On January 8, 1895 a committee was formed to choose the furniture for the Trustees’ Room, and in April they were granted permission to hire an “expert decorator” for furnishing the room.” Whitehill reports that the furnishings were from a Pavilion at Haarlem that had been Louis Bonaparte’s palace during his tenure as King of Holland.™ There was a long rectangular wooden table with decorative lion’s paw legs. Around the table there were six upholstered chairs with winged griffins on the arms. Many of the photos show a bird cage-like clock on the mantelpiece that still rer.ains today. Trustees’ Waiting Room Purpose The Waiting Room of the Trustees’ Room appears to have been simply a reception area for the main Trustees’ Room. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes A small room to the west of the Trustees’ Room was designated as the Trustees’ Waiting Room. No descriptions of this private space were published, but according to the present BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 168 S41 ert! ore pune s>icothbv’ ‘antes oetntees sew Wit “ale coor Sats wa sl pea bral do Socrclege tee cakstsbl per by pas =e ieee ae POR, ree 100k HS! ook yanl Mined Mele sal ap ae ee, eee eee Hat wh Iogear “Oban has gare oat Lp My Ve per” ay; ‘low pie aed weclesien beorkoug* ce PP a F ca _ . y impo Vidm ovate! dsostey . é vata See po iih to 1rioe WE ytiqgati *s rab ip 2 ae of é rh, oe iw ve ) ‘goers oO? velinne’ \ i ‘Srat th 90 mame ma cymes! Balas Te a in ot inet 94inangés bn ne evry 1S somes cy Leaverremb of 1 -* Y “Vigies oleh ary pe, ag, nt a OF ani eilrg (5 act) Testy bf a xiv we. er ae perils spelen date } n aif se Pp = 4) Asie shies al) Avid ie i Ohi aK ws ahs ai by is fhe pera, f On8gd SY OD Tse Sag ing sean gulf ' ; - : ¢ - a petite WE ecpuigC oad oa ebarryts th a Aepeoin oi Sesyanintiaiate Nherey 999 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural! History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Trustees’ Room, Waiting Room, Ante Room state of the room, it appears that the specifications on McKim’s original drawings were followed (fig. D-20). The floor was of wood planks. On the south wall there was a built-in bench under the window flanked by two glass enclosed Italian walnut bookcases. Matching bookcases covered the entire north wall, as well. Above the bookcases on the north wall, there was a round window looking into the hallway. The ceiling was cross- vaulted and painted. A molded frieze ran around the room under the lunettes. Today, the lunettes have a tan ground with a trim of molded leaves in red, olive and gold. The frieze is also painted in red, olive and gold. The wall beneath the frieze is painted mauve. The present colors on the walls and other decoration do not appear to be the original colors. Fixtures and Furnishings Today, there is a modern fixture hanging from the center of the cross-vaulted ceiling. No evidence of the original fixture has been found. Inside the room today, there are two unmatched upholstered chairs on the west wall. Trustees’ Ante Room Purpose The Trustees’ Ante Room, located to the north of the Trustees Room, may have also been used as a larger waiting room or possibly a preparation room for those presenting proposals to the Board. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Like the Trustees’ Room proper, the Ante Room as seen today, is very similar to McKim’s original drawing. Other than this drawing, there is no other documentation for the room as built. The drawing details a terrazzo floor with a marble base. All sills were marble. The walls were of plaster, and the door and window trim was of English Oak. This drawing also included the stairs outside the Ante Room, which had Hickory treads and a leather rail.” The Ante Room had a flat plaster ceiling with a simple crown molding. In the north wall there were two small windows looking into the court. On the south wall was a door leading into the Trustees’ Room, and on the west wall was a door leading to the hallway and stairs. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 169 Trae aporuell: 1852 t * WMD ns afi Then % eet Ald Meow sue ant | mee wood sitlaw sadett bona! vie rant o1T ay) 2g 4 on! antral Sow ee Ses Te sew 4otetoeet T awed wile ated ar veto’ este’ sae eee ot hee (aoe ve | Bice on do bes tl eel, helen to mist he ween botaieg a er sel pape eet T vary gia orl @4 ee engage Sad metOee> tom ottoal® e@epaaery adi to une ed ae ty? Wel ab ae toliguaqany agit bbe ee pdiez ie in A ool) i9ane ac Neo fh ri) cub pedantry rapes PON et vt Us ican stow oe Sh pried abdnaes 2 slider 40 . DfT 10) tithe we ahrolaie t zhao emi eet lay cell gil ie i y - Gar imo be, eae riers. Segue d Tae aie | w auor nt) a) evita od 35 5 pian 8 ene tw tn Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Trustees’ Room, Waiting Room, Ante Room Existing today, and likely to have been there originally, are built-in recessed wooden bookshelves around the east end of the room. Fixtures and Furnishings No details of original fixtures were found. A long oak table and surrounding Windsor chairs, present in the room today, are likely to be the original, or similar to the original, furnishings that were in the room. Library Alterations to 1909 Trustees’ Room No significant changes were made. A photo shows a different, simpler chandelier than the orginal one, which is present in the room today (fig. I-58). Trustees’ Waiting Room No evidence of changes was found. Trustees’ Ante Room No evidence of changes was found. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Trustees’ Room Although finishes and details are significantly worn, the Trustees’ Room today looks remarkably the same as it did at the opening of the Library in 1895. Pieces of the paneling on the walls are missing; the ceiling paint appears darkened or damaged in places; the velours on the wall are now darkened to brown; and the upholstery on the chairs is faded and worn sometimes to the stuffing. A report done in 1986 by the Center for Conservation & Technical Studies and Harvard University Art Museums indicated that there was some cracking and splitting in all 20 panels because of their firm attachment to the structure above. Dark overpainting was evident in the light colored backgrounds of all panels as well.*” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 170 fiir qn ott OF trsesD wales Tomy @! th od te eagle ' Ww) pe alien Mila ee ? WS AL ibaa Sian acl Sel [| Wed gil) Taber a io. her trQctl fyveutT sel dros elem ' to a8 AOE wl ect oub er gether Fe at 0 pk: ae dt Eger de ae fhe fede casey Serbey see rit) Meanedabe thee gs iuoe PPMP Ga Sap Gris ‘ent O26 li me’ we 40% | a bated im _ i. as Yew +i wee writus? Aesth AT We ait i ‘ea ob Mia bing qenttiodas few pruspingi—a are Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Trustees’ Room, Waiting Room, Ante Room Trustees’ Waiting Room No evidence of changes was found. Trustees’ Ante Room Although no documentation has been found for the changes, a few were made during this time period. A linoleum tile floor now obscures the original terrazzo floor except in the area where there is a mosaic of the seal of the City of Boston. It is assumed that this seal was existing when the room was first built. There are curtain rods hanging over the windows on the north wall. There are also three later fixtures hanging from the ceiling. The walls and bookcases are currently painted mint green. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 171 Loe , ‘ a ve (tpn! ales wire a oie wrt Titel soul A ane ine a shes a . : “or Ser vw ary 1 i ey . By. 7 re Pao a ST +. & vo . ae ; » oo ae - an phow oe 6 250 ui> nit “et isis | <(: eu "-, a ‘ iam : vats MATE 5 “ie oJ ie ok, w ¢ 7 ) ‘ e J ® @ : it ay - 22 © © @ & «<6 ® Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Children’s Room Library as Completed in 1895 Purpose The Children’s Room was primarily designated for “the better class of ‘juveniles’-—the books—“boys’ and girls’ fiction and books of travel and adventure written for the young.” Several written accounts indicate that at first, the room may not have been designated a Children’s Room. An account written at the opening of the building in February 1895 says this room was to be used “as an overflow for the larger reading room” and a place to keep relics and articles of historical merit. No mention of children was made in this account.” Walker’s 1895 New England Magazine article also calls this room the “Room for Relics.”*” In an 1896 account, this room is labeled the “Registration Room” because the library card registration desk was located within it as well.*” Small’s detailed account, however, seems to indicate that it was the Children’s Room when the library opened in 1895. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The Children’s Room was located at the north end of the 2nd floor corridor opposite the Delivery Room. The dimensions of the room are identical to those of the Delivery Room, but there were several differences in its treatment. The Children’s Room had two large windows at the gallery level of its north wall and six smaller window openings at the main level (fig. I-61). All of these are contained within the large arched windows of the Boylston Street facade. Two leather covered doors in the east wall led to Bates Hall, and one in the west wall led to the Elliott Room. The Children’s Room also had a gallery that ran around the east, north, and west walls, that was accessed by spiral staircases at the southern end of the east and west sides. The spiral staircase on the east wall was later removed (between 1908 and 1929) (fig. I-62). The Children’s Room was plainly finished, unlike the lavish Delivery Room. McKim’s original drawings indicate that the floors were to be marble; walls and ceiling—plastered; jambs, trims and fireplace—marble; bookcases and window trim—cherry; gallery floor—hard pine; and gallery railing and staircase—iron. Small indicates that, as built, it had a terrazzo floor, a skirting of pink Knoxville marble, and plaster walls and ceiling. The only hint of decoration was the red Verona marble mantel on the east wall that projects slightly from the wall and is topped with a simple cornice. The walls of the main floor and gallery were lined with low, built-in bookshelves that could be reached by the children without the assistance of the librarian.*” Framed documents, paintings, and other educational items hung above the bookshelves. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 176 7? ne pan i) =I - ane * ti ives eulinieess(' bo geeks pened, oie” S59 Lo) otters si phe beers tae cot tee «in Qoeewy nti pelle boots one ute Sh lo Dian aahe tet seats SUR yet arole gach goly 4 } A oye ity, ab" * tony reve bigs) ae o myst Lessfrioioadl ter a | Loran: Oye weight henge atid ins ue ah “ee persons 8 Werte abel m8 “tee eo aide teueSol coy deg A aindl »' ee talent: edt ae 1! tad 2d rast Latter wr A atlas rset aust vot Sele baw lpom ody 0 a ewe slope i ert a boat : ‘1 wil « Mohmails nod orbit cate beet 1 eek eaten coals Yon es ed Ri cmbkaciry. cori ye _ tly a estat es a +S reweintine afl vail “et h . ¥ <7 a a ve se o eene ie Mh Wetiays Wy aval m “ie : i . i ae | 4 el ; =. ; ; ’ i it 1/ Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Patent Room (a.k.a. Elliott Room) Mr. Elliott has hitherto lived in Chicago where he has practiced his profession as decorator with great success and this decoration of Mrs. Porter Palmer’s new house and said to be the finest things of the kind in this country... The Trustees and McKim approved of the choice of Elliott, and the commission was granted to him in September 1893.™ Elliott, a Scot who settled in Boston in 1897 when he married a Bostonian woman, then set out to Rome to carry out the painting.” It was installed on the Patent Room ceiling in 1901. A description follows below. Library Alterations to 1909 Purpose In 1896 the Library contemplated making the Patent Room into an additional space for the Children’s Room. This was actually done in 1898, and the contents of the Patent Library were moved into the space formerly used for bound newspaper files on the same floor in the west wing (see “1898 Patent Room”). The new Children’s Room (also called Children’s Reference Room and Teacher’s Reference Room) was made into a general reference reading room with maps, photographs, and a kindergarten library for teachers in the gallery. It was finished in dark oak.™” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes There was some extensive remodeling in this room in late 1901 after Elliott’s painting was installed. Elliott, dissatisfied that the gallery in this room obscured the view of his painting, requestea to have it removed. I avail myself of this opportunity to state that it is of the greatest importance for the decoration to be seen under the most favorable conditions from the first—i.e. with an unbroken coup d’oeil of the composition. The existing balconies render this impossible as they interfere from every point of view. I therefore venture to hope that the Trustees will not disregard so serious a detriment to the work on which I have spared neither time thought nor labour.” A series of events followed, ending with the removal of the gallery. About ten days after the Elliott painting was installed the Librarian was authorized to remove the spiral staircase leading to the gallery.”” In a December 1901 Trustees’ Meeting, a letter submitted from Fox & Gale Architects presented a scheme for completely removing the gallery and relining the walls with bookcases.™” The Trustees approved, and the architect was instructed to begin work on December 13, 1901." The Fox & Gale drawings referred BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 181 vie , ve aa Vile Seiwa 6 on Oia art Berane aa ol ins oe Oe athin “oe sear ee > | 2 oe cane oben rates telt bite ORG Yo -onbes wrtiye THE! coy neniend) ap teeta ne Qebw i eapniay ott 15s Wei on Ort oo wold font weal dobar A Kate cea eee IR GIR NIOG). 2 we | 4 whe T sett (> aon eels Bae POAT Ai ; ‘ Mork fae aon ff raaiaatod Harrod it Gower vba on j heave, me " ly) CORT 8 PLS 1) Wear 40 (Gil | : . yetoe taser aul aay Ta! Ds Ue ee Se ee ow joes OBA seve sta atte re | evi! ait eetrent s: Gat) | pe ans) yobs aad ; are 2) ie! ie bs, iv i as i) one ee". Bras i Sacre sat re pa) Oh at) eee Gein : oe a ee es ee ee eo awl , Oe (678 rts Ae bn aa tafe ane my we a ty Gao yype tt, ee aie Pe tir: ap aqreal, er es 7 - "es Im re! cd iphrtp tig iS Sevag len i yh, weno ® Loech agli cae * nie ; ; emery! 8 reli eat at coches eel Goal eile; 9} mvkthy 3 une y2 oratisitae 1#i8 f. wat ms } + yet | Pty aiid tate oes | | a aos etme a soiree quanaete oe ea ee, i) FE 7 ; J id Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Patent Room (a.k.a. Elliott Room) to in the Trustees minutes are held in the BPL collection, and a plan drawing in the 1902 Trustees’ Annual Report confirms that the gallery was removed in 1901 (fig. I-64). Fixtures and Furnishings An early photograph shows long rectangular wooden tables with two double shaded lights each filling the room. This same photograph shows sconces with upturned semicircular glass shades mounted on the pilasters separating the bookshelf sections. Artwork On March 17, 1901, the Elliott ceiling decoration “The Tnumph of Time” was opened to the public for viewing. A concise explanation is found in the 1916 Handbook: The painting contains thirteen winged figures. The twelve female figures represent the Hours, and the one male figure, Time. The Christian Centuries are typified by twenty horses arranged in five rows, of four each. In each row the two centre horses are side by side, and between these and the outer horses are two winged female figures representing Hours. On either side of the car in which is the figure of Time are the Hours of Life and Death. Seen from before the door of the Children’s Room the design begins in the neighborhood of the nearer left hand corner, and describes a semi- circle, with a downward sweep over an effect of clouds, back to the left again, to a point about two- thirds across the canvas, and culminates in a disk, the sun, before which are the leading horse and the figure typifying the Twentieth Century. In the nearer right hand corner is a crescent moon with a full disk faintly showing. The decoration is divided in the centre by a beam, but notwithstanding this division, the composition is consecutive.*”! There was significant discussion regarding the framing of the Elliott painting, generally regarding the issue of cost and who would fund it. In June 1891, McKim wrote to Thomas A. Fox that he had received from Elliott a photograph, drawings, and a model of the frame he desired. After a careful consideration of his design, and recognizing it as an excellent example of the form posed in the framing of Italian ceiling decoration, we commend it heartily to the Trustees ... In view of the existence of the girder, running through the centre of the ceiling, and the fact that a decoration of this size must be adequately framed, we hope that the Trustees will see their way clear to allowing Mr. Elliott, after nearly five years of labor, the sum necessary for the framing of his work.*”* The Trustees solicited Harold Williams again to see if he could raise funds for the frame, but correspondence indicates that he declined to accept the responsibility, suggesting that Mrs. Barett Wendell may be able to take on the cause.” Mrs. Wendell and Charles G. Loring of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts began to help in fundraising, but the money must not have been raised by March 1900 because a letter from Abbott to Bowditch expressed that the least the Trustees could do is pay for an adequate frame.“" BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 182 a SGT eds ni gahecih nei 2 bor eee, (ER gh EL 2 ain -7 ghia! hebat: slice % oe tne aphtes abe peliasey) ~ Se: PRN REE ONT pico Wadetged Self 7 fi i ; is - Dhar soe nwt “Seat es Gqaian Tat TP nonKiose “ory Liars otR! a) ile niet ny 4 i ira _ basing ud ean: erage dined yetsver WET Gauge wi Neg ord nega ad ballin = eh was? hice peal) ow ted tre thle] ale ws eee Sin ihn 4 ip abce Waltis AO) aowhl ariaenenyeyah erregtt ae Hh peo tel OD ves Se ve wR eg pf wor ‘eyed saa Ay jude «toon? tne, See Gren lish T rent Sd te bw red nti den, > Ma iscigrty mugs vel aii co treet Abn ols Yo joe ne 1 ga tin Ai “ve olde eve une Wt wath & vt copes , rn ed veered Sad ian weak ore al fee rer T sd pvasd avd auf ete babii es ne. . aie ronan coltrae Oi ply gore | okt greily stot t ov exute ta $MBt ol nit bo Bie 1 Yo ott é Sta epthemb iqerpaanig & eine) fost ep iar aoe oS if pevele get tte , |: eooorlys'S of) op olttteed Teresa) oF helene ein aed ocly ne Udligg etl be yet Ga . nid ow (aed st NM rare SANE HOA = Om (0 greene eck yo) iakeperter ieee 4 tp, haul afriet! shpat abeetgl cornet bier ool oer Oo aay ” “ene eggs wh Stiengaest elf dye C a nd bad eho ganas ads aac a a bra sd att gust, arveerbaul at imi of 6 ry on suit!) chon vel seo OE ee * never Piaopabe na toi fag) etb OwOY ne coe ae ' — i eat ' a ) mS Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Patent Room (a.k.a. Elliott Room) By November 1900, the Trustees had approved a frame in accordance with plans recommended by McKim and the money was “at hand” allowing the work to proceed.” Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 In the 1916 Handbook, the Patent Room is called the Teacher’s Reference Room, although the contents of the room may not have changed. The 1921 handbook says that the John Adams collection, formerly housed on the Special Library Floor, was kept behind chains on the upper shelves of the bookcases.*” Physically, few changes occurred in this room after the 1901 renovation. In 1927 it was repainted, and in 1929 new bookcases were installed.*” In the 1960s modernization, both the old Children’s Room and the Teacher’s Reference Room were slated to be the location for a new Music Department. The Teacher’s Reference Room was to become the repository for the Brown Music Collection formerly housed on the Special Library F loor.*” This was never done, but the Elliott room is labeled “Judaica” in a set of 1964 plans. In 1968, when many changes were occurring in the library due to the demolition of the 1918 Blagden Street annex, the Elliott Room was used temporarily to house the Government Documents Department. It served this purpose until July 1974 when the Government Documents Department was relocated to the old Newspaper Room on the ground floor.*” At the end of the Summer of 1975, the Public card catalog was moved from the Abbey Room to the Elliott Room. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 183 sipnley fees wis hwose offs mot @ ) ™ bospong antic silt galetite “pee poo A 2c af gets T sity nla saidt eae dceselbiantt TROT eu ona romp vill avi Seis desmendsnesie Spiele vil | para io wat dine * ” icmolood a at eee da sae silt wo 4 “00! at bee Dating ase tt Tei sok vere . " oti nalheg © alison eve ie inf Yat edb bee mood ens oD ep le ete ici ton alX eee i JSG oC] “iru wane : opiate poleraten) She erty nly 21 eae << eo Gh aw crtott O * ovittitd 8004 ‘19v 208 acer ab T™ et 4p nay tna ely horas » ni ectin tas a A yn olor) wie wil ok of ROP ; Can es WRAT erhalyr “VGA efi 4 i Chioeine! bea aay oad ite Dy Farnese tort nebsad bis “ls stain tof Dive? apcrtonpeit berise ane maid eure reno) seem : oa yaetews Oo a2 a bsispoms Hee n at wonepig”s ps - 7 ale Ais Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Newspaper Reading Room (hair!) Newspaper Reading Room 1990s Restoration Room No. 410 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Stacks Monograph Lecture Hall 1895 Newspaper Reading Room 1897 Newspaper Room 1898 Lecture Hall 1908 Lecture Hall 1916 Lecture Hall 1964 Lecture Hall 1975 Science Reference Department Plan as built in 1895 N—-> Sea eee Eas A ee sees age eee 4 ARCADE ROOF eo. sue | @ UBRARIAN'S aro | ; R sf |g) ROOM ALCOVE ir : en a S =e ; Hi 4 POMPEIIAN ~ VENETIAN DELIVERY ROOM LOBBY STAIRCASE CORRIDOR LOBBY CHILDREN'S ROOM Pd cS - 1 _ BATESHALL | : GS Saye in 5 ES LOBBY : : © Jk ' CARD i i | CATALOGUE BATES HALL it ; 7 | : : 7 CENTRAL LIBRARY. BATES HALL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 184 iter wie aaae SWS hoe Rereny A) oe wes: 21m Gia ‘ : oe | | con ‘wo. ¥« Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Newspaper Reading Room Library as Completed 1895 Purpose The room, originally intended to be a Lecture Hall, in the northwest corner of the 2nd floor, had a change of fate when a New Hampshire citizen, Mr. William C. Todd, offered the Library $2,000 per year to be followed with $50,000 later, expressly for the purchase of current newspapers. He expressed his interest in this endeavor and justified the need for a newspaper reading room in a letter to the Trustees dated June 16, 1893. He wrote: Newspapers now form a large part of the reading of the whole community. I have heard businessmen say that they read the newspapers daily, occasionally a magazine, hardly a book in a vear ... yet many newspapers are too expensive for ordinary readers, and a large part are desired only for occasional use." At the time of the offer, there was no designated space in the Library building for newspaper reading, and Todd specified that a “suitable room” be furnished. Accordingly, the Lecture Hall space was re-designated as a Newspaper Reading Room. Physical Description Architectural Details, Finishes, Fixtures, and Furnishings The Newspaper Room was officially opened to the public on May 3, 1895. It eventually housed a collection of local, national and international papers for all to peruse.*'’ The room was simply finished with terrazzo floors and a Guastavino arched ceiling of terra cotta tiles painted white. Newspapers were displayed on oak racks and there was a multitude of tables for casual reading.*’* Other than these entries from the Trustees’ minutes and Small’s account, a description of the room is taken only from an illustration in the February 1895, Boston Daily Globe article contained in Appendix 11.6. Standing files ran around the perimeter of the room for upright reading. The room received natural light from four large arched windows on Boylston Street plus smaller windows at the floor level on its north wall and courtyard windows on its south wall. At least one large chandelier hung in the room and supplementary sconces were hung between the windows above the newspaper racks. Library Alterations to 1909 Shortly after the Library opened to the public, additional furnishings were provided and the need for improvements in heating was discovered. In May 1896, Mellish, Byfield Company was hired to provide shelving for bound newspapers at a cost of $3,533." BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 185 a hes va a, ile 1 a toot yeh2 rah rm whe Heetiheans 2h att Uk ar nan bi . oil id seni otis Hy of to sanity us “o} yhenerngic® cxpual 0.088 Sew 7 0? bas2 Gt} } bonny, baw soveshos ect nitverrest ow 34 26a et Sia[ Drona. was ear ae gras aih ety ‘ee theatres wtatyy 311 We gritame ate pam’ wna ett a sotnentgaey eo viherterlae y ocr v: Lasky ernepqegna j ; certo Re winaline Wa i) pet Tear modi, ! vty =| pe bensagege ieee ‘WIT POU A #42 Re ed pa | of * int sheigsince & rats ‘vena wmisxo vecjaqrasy! 8 eae y a ahaa Horewetsl. GSS EN fe iehwey wb OF " sacstry oy Ee yor sa lavroiacnissitt oe eorms i oir elie oeleeasn © ivi xed. yt ores Taney dao ao hertaileyadl oaigeete Seed 1 oe egies ovorls tart waft alien] me Teo wine neiien ab minty oett tei uit peti hd i cithmga al booted fan gtk : letuier. beviher sO aff? it slg nia todh ott U. enieey Tohterne malty enue soniye econ ty eee A alae eM et ae tec Tat) crore! speduitt cote Ut . ;. 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Newspaper Reading Room Heating had been a problem since the opening of the building. As early as 1896, the Trustees realized that additional heating would be required in the Special Library Floor and in the Newspaper Room and Bindery below. The Trustees’ Annual Report of 1896 noted that 366 feet of radiating surface were added to this room. This repair afforded a great improvement according to the report that reads, “With these additions, there has been no difficulty in keeping a comfortable temperature in these rooms, part of which during last winter were at times uninhabitable.” In 1897 the Trustees contemplated the addition of a gallery or mezzanine level to house the patent collection.*” The 1898 plans indicate that no gallery was built, but the Newspaper Room was moved to the northeast corner of the ground floor where the peniodicals had previously been housed. The enclosure of the driveway on Boylston Street had provided interior space for an expansion of the Penodical Room into that space, leaving the large room in the corner for the newspaper collection. Incidentally, the patent collection was not put in the gallery of the new Newspaper Room. It was put in its own room in the west wing of the building (see “Statistical Department”) .""° This transfer of the Newspaper Reading Room to the ground floor, once again made available the space in the northwest corner of the second floor for its original use as a Lecture Hall. Horace Wadlin wrote that the Lecture Hall was formally opened on May 17, 1899, with a program that included the unveiling and presentation of a bust of Walter Scott by the Westminster Committee on the Scott Memonial. In the following years free lectures were given on a variety of subjects from municipal administration methods to fine arts.*'’ The Lecture Hall was accessed through its own entrance on Boylston Street. Soon after the opening, the Trustees’ Minutes recorded that authorization was given to the purchase of “50 sections of seats—3 seats in a section at $1.50 per seat” for the hall.*"" Herbert Small, in his 1908 handbook, said the Lecture Hall could seat 300 people comfortably. He described it as lofty and well ventilated with a deep stage at its west end (fig. I-65)."" Undated McKim drawings of the Lecture Hall have been found in the McKim Collection at the New York Historical Society, but it is unclear whether these were created for the original Lecture Hall or the 1898 Lecture Hall. Even if they are the original drawings, it is possible that they were re-used to transform the room back to this purpose. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Documentation suggests that few major changes were made in the Lecture Hall between 1898 and 1953. A record in the Trustees’ Annual Report for 1911 indicates that the walls were washed and re-tinted. By 1921, the Trustees say that ventilation is “criminally bad” and the Hall is “distressingly dingy,” but improvements were deemed impossible. In BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 186 gels’ Biot] ow ylties aA seh sb wot 4 rianitt tairaq? es TI bethegiys a 8? sd poo funda sat i holrotty tice iT ‘aoe al “i abled yr east DYyorts scretiiye aeons obi print: wklyl a0 OUST weneds shale vale niod ui So atlases ao pretigg-a to aod); wt) Ve! “ee 2aw tide ‘my fast mre « woth tengaery seit jo Yneriei> Teataia Alc ll 1 PROMI oy eamvaline si mts me te . seit: on eel terriers ngly Dd CCC ; er ade borin (As “port rakes teat ; ~eor, orl) WE TSE . i! Sued wet ak J phn ai yuo il? + clay a ") uepnorseqedd intial 4” >+4) gobi ‘ban olege sean tell Soicnny Sth 4 3 Mood J jeter eff Toh MAH Dagoes wy 10 Totes cone vilevatet cine flit shan me ocd) Saat Swe)! Ae publ te ont © Io OU mir seni Ofte yulbwag tio Roog @ ht ul Nail 7 ei al lero nar? ot reps ei raugnlinsen'f oda aif cot Berl: 90m Aiea ainer TM A ah floras OE a ate wii pp gi i anhalt ee oo wine te 0 A irae ob yyy 4 ‘etpgaehoctiies Seu babiotes Ter) i eM 1 ' wie | 1@ fit 8 9.1 «1 par’ sity (OR ae Dibee leh oie! WD seanal beret < fears cera « Adie leealiga gy? Now bee, cae? choad weet fab) sciyat en wi) toyiiedw tence a yi tod isk? ih oy ot» ovth tae sletl autsad at oa ial? oo Saat! ved “ell See) UMN | Tie: ontted Mia sceriye toate iit lice wit aretha 14 on iar) vilegs ati #5 ceo tialisany aanheend . nl eltateog ied Secor wiesMe athe aG ; ch bate eae A) of a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Newspaper Reading Room 1924, however, ventilation was improved by the installation of a ten horsepower air- washing machine with electric fan and the appropriate connections with air shafts.~ 1926 the Lecture Hall received a thorough renovation including cleaning, the installation of new stage draperies, and the addition of emergency exit lights.” Further improvements, were made in 1928, including the addition of a new moving picture booth and equipment, a new screen and stage curtain, and acoustical draperies. In addition, lighting, both general and on the stage was improved (fig. I-66).** A July 1947 Ames, Child & Graves drawing, revised in November of the same year by American Architectural Iron Company also indicates the addition of a fire escape from the Lecture Hall.*” In In his 1953 “modernization” campaign, Milton Lord planned to make a “virtually new hall” in the space that he stated, “has long needed to be improved.”*” He did not describe the extent of the improvements except for the installation of a mezzanine floor to house small meeting rooms and conference rooms, and the addition of a kitchen “to permit a greater variety of library uses under increasingly pleasant conditions.”” A study drawing made by Ames, Child & Graves in January 22, 1953, illustrated the changes proposed.*” The drawing was revised several times that year as well. In March 1975, the Science Reference Department was moved into the Lecture Hall, thus ceasing its previous function. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 187 | ee | y “ 7 ‘ Ds wee. pen We) Mite wall om att ri *rpers jie siete sng ites ieee i Leal mpi states: aay ; a cis yothutaas ee ; . vino: efigit ies quaeviptenrs Py ee ied frecnd ott 90 qeerrrenss Veh aw dehibhe 1 ye at eve >. auihhy oc! aera Oise tine alee payee ti att det A” (Ott grt) Bohosteny ae RO ae vet a 14 -wietiee? ols rat A Sree E aia ave ae oe we bymq i gal } iviad sie: Ay 4 ie Pl keane! ao 07 ebean tin rc 2408 & i WOPRTaMA O15 tC! Iqacue ae 7 Pie-sesens sell ih) che files ih) brie 20900" one il eae 3 Logibwe)> tdaumaly yyouar cat tobe id ° < » oe iss aii * ts a? eee HEN) yo YR ral a ‘at jie ta heey cacy soon) Lares ety has j rh OF Ore bs rwilers 429” ASTM! E aeiiat ; Seizcut eal” | t ‘ ry ‘ Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 7.3.2.10 1898 Patent Room 1990s Restoration Room No. 414 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Stacks Monograph Not labeled 1895 Not mentioned 1897 #7 1898 Patent Room 1902 Statistical Department 1908 Statistical Department 1959 Documents & Statistics 1964 Plan as built in 1898 PRIVATE y OFFICE § c——> LIBRARIAN TUBES || ISSUE i DEPT ISSUE DEPARTMENT pan pusuic caro [J t CATALOGUE i i 00 JUL BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC i pO 00! ae 00000 jo CENTRAL LIBRARY SEC 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 1898 Patent Room Government Documents & Social Sciences N—- LECTURE HALL | OND FLOOR Page 188 Mae re ~ are > 6 is fe Teh rc ee. Sorry by . eae ss) | Rewse ane & Cn v IE i ss : | ; Tt ; ree , at 4 Pore Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report 1898 Patent Room Library as Completed in 1895 The room, which became the Patent Room and Statistical Department in 1898, had no identified function when the Library opened in 1895. The room is not described in any of the historical accounts of the library primarily because it was not open to the public, and probably was not a finished space. Library Alterations to 1909 Purpose In 1898, the patent collection was moved from its room on the north side of the 2nd floor (Elliott Room) to a similar sized room in the 2nd floor west wing. The room could be reached from the courtyard and from the Special Library Floor. At this tme the Statistical Department was also contained in this room. The Statistical Department contained the collection of American Statistical Association. In addition, Small’s 1908 handbook reports that manuscripts and broadsides were also kept in this room.” Physical Description Architectural Details, Finishes, Fixtures, and Furnishings On June 16, 1898, Smith & Lovett were contracted for ironwork, presumably to build the new galleries illustrated in drawings by Jenney & Fox.” In addition to the first gallery, a second gallery was built at the level of Stack 6. A circular staircase extended from the main level of the Statistical Room up to the second gallery. The first level gallery was deep enough on two sides to have rows of bookcases coming out perpendicularly from the wall instead of flush against it. A photograph of the room, taken after the gallery was installed, showed bookcases covering the walls below and on the gallery floor (fig. I-67). When the galleries were added, the lower level of the room was extended north to the staircase wall, the windows were relocated, and their size was reduced to make room for the installation of additional windows. Rectangular wooden tables with double-armed lamps, like those in Bates Hall, were placed on the main level. Small windows on both the west side and courtyard side of the room naturally lit the room. In 1902, the Patent Collection was moved again from this room to the former Bindery and Printing Rooms on the ground floor (fig. I-89). This led to several physical changes. In 1903, the room was refitted and 60 additional electric lamps were installed.“ In March of the same year a contract was executed for shelving in the Statistical Department.” No photos have been found illustrating the room at this point in time. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 189 onbed 225 vi ma anal iestceea fel hears, eveb jor-d oe 4gT DEAL itt sth oli ou ae Tye aoe? See wits ma" Bh) yy eae | a>) ey tae " ac es res ip »w abe sword ge) es OUT! OH) TY < a none ’ I ih a ge ST: paietae cco! Sel cane a oor (Amd = ee 4 wat 2haly tA cont yieod li leoaced yore | rerracys! Lovpetig? aff seoos tits-ni ) tai Pt pis ; shes pe we pan? wel lealieienhe ae avd ees ty witle ewww tobi bavi noth, : ‘ oa, > ae TROL « Lays oh le el wih Veine uur) See itedi oF cealihe a ew ene i hydreaita ceeraee a mot @ tue ab fyutosfeeh ed? svelicy bocce Shoe Lule Wve] On gealinas reco’ lege soften sare vet gree! NO? 413 1O ORS eee kh Ain ) ‘i rogl leg = 0 ne, UA Wie j ethdeve rene Deora GW Oe ays Ws irre Y se) ivi vat ae ena lenvioltn Gat Se ruridi! ikboeet eel alanenigqe anichine 3d) Lait Cc RAMEY DAY RPO INT we sup Vida moby} eeetiiietineces bestrets Ot) (oele trie Dann t eer aw weit: Dererrect cctalley ful haste erg Lyn omcend: ods it serene ¢ pened 7 ee viclaners occa surfeit dey decuy Sal giana Oe ' $ A ie ie Plt oo su nal hassle eed Lua ts : paige awe eee Conte F «tisacaiieg Yo folag» (stsoced othi no eed pate agate’ ota “oie Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor proposal for decorating the “Architectural Library” (as built Music Library), McKim admitted difficulty in finding funds for the job. In response to a letter from LaFarge wondering whether his proposal is still being considered, McKim wrote: In regard to the decoration for the Architectural Library I will do what I can ... I can only regret once more that you had not reached this decision in Mr. Ames’s lifetime; for all will be more difficult now than then. To him we looked for a large part of the financial support; and how it will shape itself now I cannot tell until I have seen Mr. Sargent.™ The only two rooms constructed from McKim’s original design are in the east wing, the top level of the Bates Hall Reading Room, and the room above the Grand Staircase. As built, the floor had a large vaulted hall at the top of a straight flight of stairs leading up from the Venetian Lobby. At the center of the west wall of the hall, up five steps, there was a room designated the Music Library. There were identical domed rooms at the north and south ends of the hall. The north room was called the Barton-Ticknor Library, named for the donors of the collections it housed. It led to a long open reading room spanning the full width of the building that housed a variety of special collections in the alcoves on the outer wall. The south domed room was the Fine Arts Library, that led to the Fine Arts Reading Room, spanning half the width of the building. About halfway down the south wing, through a wide door, this narrower reading room opened up to a full width configuration identical to that of the north wing. The entire length of the west wing was another full width reading room with alcoves housing more special collections. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 192 : anu ait anh fy sratt £ vpege sign a) rating miwind turd aria OF oanentean aa eee Bs ee » .4 17 ifm Gad | mat Loree gt igs t iatediten : , ered ee) lp eoene iiA my ane ary’ ' al , Lad sails Ure Vowel Gend Sega fale MP Ga Pg lea mm ree: shee Lat este * fove de oi te "a havy sas cima a scl prt ae ea ver pas + white weoue OEP en aan wreinte eyes. G24) Cafe paad eit at a ie seg rihene ns Go! ‘slp i vd) hie becca? nes aego umole di bel al bored 1) ae momsboart ji) oihee Pakage St Led 6 SPC . sin yf hia Be Ail nase sik 0 “adi ak ead alt awe macy! soins Av incra on t ilew 1 410 a0) ne > tinadsA, opnitilend ott Sytvew soft Ulout supicently yoPrd A een “ICD fie & gen . ot toworiqn Guts . vty ele dager 4 kta dented: ad? doen oy Mae Shi evitevugiiaos J ince Suen Sadie erainik lw rst, d f | Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall caoraye Sargent Hall 1990s Restoration Room No. 702a, 703 Use/Name Changes of Room 1895 to present Sargent Hall Plan as built in 1895 N-> " SPECIALLIBRAAIES 9) = + inated ee ep SPECIAL SPECIAL UBRARIES i UBRARIES cee Sie sak MUSIC LIBRARY —Ie td FINE ARTS ROOM eae oe Sie ete Samrat BARTON LIBRARY BATES HALL. CONTINUED CENTRAL LIBRARY, SPECIAL LIBRARIES BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 193 f i ¥ ens arden t Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall Library as Completed 1895 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes From the Venetian Lobby on the Bates Hall Floor runs a long straight staircase leading to the two-story hall on the Special Library Floor. The hall, now called the Sargent Gallery for the painter who decorated it with wall and ceiling murals, is the entry point into all of the Special Libraries. As built, the staircase had walls of Amherst sandstone, treads and risers of Yorkshire sandstone, and a railing of Alps green marble. A landing halfway up the staircase contained a door to a balcony affording a view of Bates Hall from the second level of the grand vaulted space. In the stair hangs an Amherst stone tablet dedicated to McKim. A testimonial to McKim is carved in recessed letters outlined in gold. It states: Charles Follen McKim 1847-1909 Faithful servant of the arts Incomparable friend to youth Honored master of his profession In this building enduringly is revealed the splendid amplitude of his genius an inspiration to all men. Sargent Hall is a two-story space, 84-feet long by 23-feet wide (figs. I-68, I-69, D-23). The floor was of Yorkshire sandstone, and the wainscot and stair balustrade were built of Amherst sandstone. The walls above the wainscot were of white plaster. The vaulted plaster ceiling rested on piers dividing the wall into panels and had three large rectangular skylights admitting the only natural light into the space. At each end of the hall and in the center of the west wall were doors leading to the special libraries. Each door surround was also constructed of Amherst sandstone. The elevator was on the west wall, and another door symmetrically placed at the other end of the west wall led to a small space called a lobby. This space connected the Music Room to the Barton Library. There was no real need for a “lobby” in this location, as one could enter both of these rooms from the hall. It seems that this small room was created by virtue of McKim’s strict adherence to a symmetrical plan. Fixtures and Furnishings Three large skylights provided natural light for the hall. Wall sconces designed by Sargent supplied additional lighting. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 194 : ~ e wi y iit grvihaas? waecvekeyh edgieue gael x nar soft ta wall ats traile! sas’ off Sollee woe Med sdT’ seit i bof ON 6 jou (Tirta thy af AEP prion ts Flow af hes cheat soevehnas urverpe Te ehicw burl “egpalk irpowhad woibaal A abel vane arene agli te cork ige hoover el! pert et «ied lo weie a qiloriolic (hoe + bation ial Shore Trem ie nat slate al emeot! .Dlogah Deck evagtd bers ab hoe is MIT (EVs thd SL aie) give mehe? vl seid ond lo Diet atte shevenged teste brs:-rooéoi aw aly sthooe oul wepmeler ‘7intw lo wre Jogenidw oof’ frit CULT Dal ewe alaomy oar lhew oy ge whi to bing Soke A 53 By ule oF at Aifgal Wrest Virgees fad ruil Nas “vyt OF getbask amob iw ihe ; seotelyis, mewarhenk, Ye Oo sai te hoor "eqn: tou Gayton . hs i vet hos uM wonge wilt dol & bella yy: anya inay oA GOaA ed air) sun “yale” ere’ byron; amt iWo1eS73 ane iheOy Nerre wld pala eck ig aT iJ s ; av Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall There were no furnishings in the hall. Artwork: John Singer Sargent Murals “The Triumph of Religion” At a-dinner with McKim, Abbey, and St. Gaudens, John Singer Sargent had expressed interest in decorating the special library for the Spanish Literature collection, but he was ultimately contracted to paint the Special Library Hall. Primarily a portraitist, Sargent was an interesting choice for the commission. The 1895 BPL Handbook relates that Sargent was commissioned around 1890 for the end walls of the hall, and there is correspondence dating to 1892 regarding specifics of his design. However, his first contract was not officially signed until 1893. The contract, dated January 18, 1893, indicated that for a fee of $15,000, Sargent was to provide: ...a series of mural decorative paintings for the space above the height of the door at the two ends of the Special Library Hall ... including the whole of the two ends of the Hall and the Side walls and barrel vault to the first pilasters, a distance of about eight feet four inches.’ Sargent’s proposal describes his scheme “The Triumph of Religion,” as a portrayal of certain stages of Jewish and Christian history.“ Sargent’s scheme for the end walls was not confined to the flat walls, themselves. Correspondence with McKim indicates that he actually had a part in the design of the three dimensional architectural details of the space. He negotiated with McKim to change certain details, and actually redesigned elements to accommodate his mural design. For example, Sargent pleaded with McKim to provide a “very accentuated projection at the top of the wainscot” to support the plinth he would create on which his painted prophets would stand. Sargent wrote: ...1 feel that building up my prophets in this manner is a great feature in my decoration, and I beg you not to let them be flat on the wall without plinth or moulding below to accentuate their living oe 442 and realistic character. Sargent’s scheme, incorporating low reliefs and three-dimensional gold ornaments, was “a distinct departure from traditions of mural painting,”*” inciting mixed views among the critics. After portions of the north wall composition were exhibited at the Royal Academy in England in 1894, an article in the Gazetie reviewed them positively: Undoubtedly, the achievement of this year’s exhibition is the great lunette and section of a ceiling exhibited by Mr. J. S. Sargent, and hung in Gallery No. VI. It isan important piece of decorative painting enriched with gold and gilded ornament in relief, and in places, with jewels. It represents in vivid allegory the opposing circumstances under which early religion developed itself ... It is impossible, in a short notice, to do justice to the wealth of thought displayed in this magnificent 3 : . 2 : A 444 piece of decoration, in which a very daring treatment has solved a very difficult problem. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 195 ~ Wa ares co a. 0 i” a5 4 a . oe 9 BY ieee - ie ae : a xia avn tee are sa ar ~ re hee tegyued eget tel vsbus et at oad .novsston snnmmaiit Adages one ON ex" Jnewine é wunhoqs vibens yt dtabtvewidi tt hiwowl! irl as of Seeding Gi GOAL aot hore gveuerpio a orreel) One die fi subtalar ais ad Vols ew ese grerhnay’ nownnrcsll suglomt> pie rota wl pr boda 2eT at bat nee Saige te my rly 10 bales DALE 9 Pylid orl ewe quavghort Them ing alow whl? pee te al! eels tp ide oe) ott Tg Siew ols OF netny yeuehl boop? behphe tae, So regen te IRyetiiig 2 ee” erotylien Vo cdagomaia® oft” wet tlt hoe onlt 1 penteitse “tere, rend a ' ort) eolbw! pub rite Sarria oo ait uid lo Miginls leipra silo dane qaaesertl®. ya net of barrie at Vileiioe bite hha) ata ocala OF a ick. tt dow behele dopyuel..vignes WE inked seudies sa] mene of foaeniew sch ld gop or é a chr ieee Satare Blue ith ie i] veal (dine ioe gety. cn ob wattest wnre 9 4 spermine sete ik ae eel er) Cid ose on weleg Qnitive i mins sty ye seteW al at euenne blow lepoleatabarnh bess, i tare i gona wiv tovlergaitinns raging noha Goll orl) ta batidides a fhe : D auiai b ody aviv a) © Sep aby daw srlaely wel eb (ita paminibhe DoT ibvatrORg! 08 Wake earenasvemeay 1) ghey Oe sr Jee {curios irises en al ae rity bow * abi aap! Te Oya tw sh Ge won va sista, — 2h ot ei Lae NRT OL header reel stew cH S — ‘miAsl’ e. avodsJjon ote yeti! 74% ta iG ) sot rey STi oy” hyay tar cre -aemior™) 915 Sed hice wiv dee pee bh ext) eho’ Sab baltvhamn vivo See YY) wontdad ater oat orvpoteeris ao ohana bie ane ina aos 96 eo ees sat yo wort oo Utes ix! Gauatigds ali of hetebe ecw aeatgation baka" i, ichd seer vob sued getiintgd ewer @ light met a pila oth vonthng ned otttytieds sylt Wo sue ae Sta yer C syeeratdeet hawt cant lice or ied balla) od operat bau ayntel ee iver are DAY Vite OR Gensig?e? Drilea 7) coe A AOE OHO Sian RIO , ; ‘hoi beathy addr tear dt evens Snails & mi] - elle GOR hewn Pca. ou ada liains | weak hello ‘east nana he a ati ow dooeali cyriiieea trite at aan to treet oat 2 a . saint prenas nee peete culate ts Gree Phe orig yienlix a | otcnTg : 4 o. Sa PD" : th act Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall lunettes and edge of the skylights. Structural modifications were necessary to execute some of these decorative additions.” Of this architectural ornament, Sargent wrote: I have tried to make a good selection of Renaissance ornament throughout and not do anything that would irritate the ghost of McKim. With the exception of some hints and warnings from a Belgian refugee, and architect of the name of Adrien Blomme, I have not consulted any architects, as I felt that Messrs. Gale & Fox were the only ones that I ought to consult.*” Sargent’s alterations were some of the most significant departures from McKim’s design undertaken after his death. Sargent’s admitted consideration of McKim’s design sensibilities was notable. Correspondence indicates that the Trustees were getting anxious for Sargent to complete the work of his contract because almost 20 years had passed since its execution. Taking on the responsibility of creating architectural detail for the hall surely contributed to Sargent’s tardiness in finishing, and in April 1914 Sargent wrote a letter of explanation to the Trustees. In the letter, he apologized for taking so long and assured them that he was working diligently on the lunettes. He explained that he wanted to send them together with the three large east wall panels for the full impact.” Shortly after this correspondence, Edward Robinson, then curator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, assured the Trustees that Sargent could be trusted and that he was working seven out of twelve months a year to complete the BPL commission. Robinson had actually visited Sargent, and could personally vouch for the fact that his work was progressing. Robinson wrote to the Trustees, “Indeed, it was largely if not wholly owing to his interest in [the BPL murals] that he gave up portrait painting several years ago, which—as he told me—he found too great an interruption.” That Sargent was willing to completely sacrifice his portrait painting career, for which he became famous, must have been assurance to the Trustees that Sargent would fulfill his contract with them.” In 1916, in preparation for the installation of the lunettes, repairs were made around and upon the skylights.” Sargent’s murals for the ceiling vault in the South end, the six lunettes, and the ceiling medallions were installed that year. The prevailing tones of these new additions were reds, greens, blues, and grays. As in the end walls, gold was used generously to highlight both the paintings and the architectural ornament. Sargent’s architectural endeavors in the hall received praise when the entire scheme was finally installed. The 1916 Handbook said, “... Mr. Sargent has recognized the importance of architectural detail as an essential of monumental decoration.” Of the gold relief ornament on the ceiling, it continued, “The gold ornament thus designed, in BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 200 if’ amnese xn Cd Piaesoon ssn teckel naa qian CMR TS TRIO inapen aNe Q mith One (swan od ico tees peer er Renae orate ” ’ ee at be Cade ¢ can RP equtrevne hie eq elfint Te! aed nyse ot gre hei tet Pek osniioun vie hdl eas wal | mannan n ‘tah va cea iad ths ese ov alguns t apt eur § relat o'r i iperlt ee iadok tee en invatt © tema & oni hy opateibaries vont Pa ree cnet wale ; Wie OS Plage aie a indo tanya? whats gnigiy sw aes tirtbal aocatiniege tint .cduaesied oa sods bosskey darheuey OC eee - ime Woe Hes 41) tot linia hats uTerrieny as hw) felts eatery dena LPI [TTA Fiat Seino zit to ae He Ge aS Nate ‘n) oevetiiviah4 die i) tet et Geis bow wad! a; gealdies set eee “al ai, vadlegeie myo Der of banted ott wait Bonide aeb | wats uc Ue oe | ~s View Ot rip eat at was >qs ad Skee ai oct 1} 7aMper 7 tel Cpoep KR frrwh? g bes i wie tose 10d 1e aryl orlt Hite nowanyords et set wei doy © ied Patt or ot) 409 dudes Mien) blves bri pererarer wet ee nn dey ane Deb «40ranT sat oraoteed V getastrig lore YOR eso is Srey ah oof) (pote EM af} degra! dst! Ot Be jpogie’ sa? note rn 14 pore ont Raila nithood 40 fife Vl AoE) Quel iinag eo ei | sere. ied HA hlivges iewiar teri ernayys aid es ‘ i ' ae ores Dali “hee Sian | TIRE astiorul sit tes ¥ ; ete oly bed ddd act) ab shows gailiso ot ieee fo2’naln gnitbe aig “itt yey Teri reba f Dy aa oii “ita bay git Bl ea og BR, spent ae toceeraertey ip wiressldeas nt mys Pat ar i: Sea ue! eesdize yltrn al wae Saag is ; thy wine ott wala ' ole a ; Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall contrast with the soft cool grays that bespeak the fundamental quality of the walls and ceiling, sets off the mural paintings with a richly harmonious setting.”*” The ceiling vault of the south end of the hall contained three groups representing the mysteries of the Rosary: The five Joyful Mysteries, the five Sorrowful Mysteries, and the five Glorious Mysteries. The Joyful and Sorrowful Mysteries on either side of the vault were in heavily modeled and gilded frames. The Glorious Mysteries in the center of the vault was a low relief gold medallion. Outside the panels of the mysteries, were the emblems of the four evangelists, the figure of Eve, Greek letters, the figure of Adam, and the “Good Shepherd.” On the wall surfaces in the first bay from the end, Sargent painted the figures of the Madonna and Child (east) and the Madonna of Sorrows (west). The Madonna of Sorrows stood on a crescent moon behind a screen of lighted candles in relief.” There were six lunettes, three on each side of the hall. Three represented Hebrew themes, and the other three represented Chnistian themes. On the Hebrew side, the lunettes represent “The Law,” “Gog and Magog,” and “The Messianic Era.” On the Christian side, they are “The Judgment,” “Hell,” and “The Passing of Souls into Heaven.” The ceiling medallions over the lunettes were also painted and modeled by Sargent. Above the middle lunette on the Hebrew side was the Ark of the Covenant. The modeled ornament above the medallion was an ox’s head as a burnt offering. Above “Gog & Magog,” there was a sacrificial goat in the medallion and a seven-branched candlestick atop. Above “The Messianic Era” there was a seven-branched candlestick in the medallion and modeled musical instruments above that. On the Christian side, above “Judgment” in the medallion was the Tniple Crown and crossed Keys of St. Peter. Above that was a modeled Crown and Palms of Martyrdom. Above “The Passing of Souls into Fieaven” there was a Byzantine design of two peacocks drinking from a vase and a modeled Tabernacle of the Eucharist with the wafer. Above “Hell” there was the “I.H.S.,” anda modeled Chalice of the Eucharist.” At the ume of publication of the 1916 handbook, the paintings for the east wall were not yet installed, but the architectural treatment of the walls was finished. There were blue frames with gold accents modeled onto the wall, but they were filled with drapery where the murals eventually would be placed. The blue of the frames coordinated well with the cool gray tones of the stone walls and floor.’ The two paintings, “The Church” and “The Synagogue,” were uncovered on Sunday, October 5, 1919.*~ Although Sargent had originally proposed to put a mural in the center panel of the west wall, this was never executed. “The Synagogue” in a medieval depiction, is portrayed as a blind and dethroned woman symbolizing the medieval church’s belief that the synagogue had “forfeited its high place [as the forerunner of Christianity] through its failure to recognize BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 201 inte” ot fowt eee ip * Remi ides th sad ytetin cost gure so niin la «by tg Gay i wl) of hers ohne wiwnriod oil say anpesty he a pe ol pi orrew yiune 247 lo obs relia rom eobrweult le i pa’ ‘Thad olf 0 TSAadS a motmarelt gnc sdf sa ait Us aaishines pedi ihe tpembatadeesien So > seagrind iceat “ody Sorte | ite tw omg ould 2xatal t fo pease wh Dae p* vergdl nal wales jeigia? ria arls cicet) Fact gayi o eacoies® att eee) eacee to cecigohsM } ~ s * Jaiiet af eslbee> foligil de Sete & borrieled aa wudolt brecriaes ryt nave? Slactodelw sha! wit cbt wevlgh od) WO sored senaedaior’ Peat hs svfaiommesh afl berm" “oa he helaall ioe) duet lo a olf baa "eh “oe rieetae, yO Tela bom Dir Dewi fet] Cula our Pes ‘ ofyiicre alt easel) at lo ddA alle eee iki wrt | A¥tar bas oA Seal rothy SLY | as jest s 20 GS ; ite heey stonense-r wie polilaboem vaya nodiabste oft ciate Go cheer won pee nt “svoreetuel”, prods bie aemiaiite) oii nt): tert os4) (dt evadsA Asie" h LA 19d boears, roveayt oie wun j > jy vials éTt™ wadA:* seh -ritves a « Mig nee cron t gubalh nivqaeie: « how "pe LT Als few tate “light? sleet ss ctr sei Tekyr peed gals 9S Ag Mae eg ott dace el =rove seit Ueadaladl ake led addon ov tele wearpaub alte boll vine toe aed Thaw silet o) hihw dow betaniinoga gna? saa Peaiilel ng : 1'T bar “dora aT" spate SAT W \ I} iva yore? cpporita PV ahd Leag6) eR GARE coo maw lets Mew Deter We free "4 See eee erik Saat heen Ff Se mn r aig vere petri se deoe i a 6 RF ‘= t Tifiete ‘ : Cremation J 2 : Py ’ @ in a _ _ FY i Ee ey Lt. | a on eee | ; - Fi ; i 7 me : b ; ; Nyy 1 a } : : ; ; ) : Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall the claim of Christ as the expected Messiah.” “The Church” is a hooded woman looking triumphant, having gained the vision and leadership lost by the Jews."” Although Sargent’s advocates maintained that the depiction of the synagogue was a historic medieval portrayal, the Synagogue painting caused a significant amount of controversy among local and national Jewish constituents. The vision of a fallen, blindfolded woman was seen as a negative misrepresentation of the religion and its institution. The main argument of most groups was that this representation was to be put in a public location funded by public money. Several groups such as the Council of Jewish Women and the Central Conference of American Rabbis protested the display of this painting. An excerpt from the statement sent by the American Rabbis group explained the reasoning: ..- The Executive Board of the Central Conference of American Rabbis in regular session assembled, while admitting that the artist has a perfect right, nay, it is his duty, to set down in a pictorial way, his conception of life, however biased and false it may seem to others, yet it asserts that such a presentation of the Synagogue is contrary to fact and therefore unjust. It urges that inasmuch as the picture will hurt a large section of the Community in their tenderest susceptibilities and deepest convictions, it should not appear in a public institution supported by public taxation. Above all, it protests against anything with such a clear sectarian bias being given the stamp of approval by a public institution. The City of Boston Law Department ruled, however, that the panel could not be legally removed because it was installed by a charitable trust and could only be modified if the trust could not be carried out. The circumstances did not warrant a modification of the 475 trust. Sargent died before completing the entire scheme he had proposed, the only missing part being the central panel of the west wall. A period of twenty-five years had elapsed from the time the first installation on the north wall was made until the final two west wall panels were installed. Sargent’s style changed noticeably from one installation to the next as evidenced by several critical accounts. The 1921 BPL handbook explains, Few such records of the progressive development of an artist, engaged upon a single theme exist anywhere in the world; this room is the expression of the life-work of one of the greatest painters of modern times.” In February 1924, “The Synagogue” was damaged by a citizen who threw ink on it. A report was presented to the Trustees by Mr. H. E. Thompson of the Museum of Fine Arts in which he submitted a proposal for the removal of the ink without damage to the picture.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 202 | iF av ka re va | yicort teenie band 4H Aai SO a | Se | ey be Le aren ss el aid a | Bris sob sabi benerieg, aut a sce sap qneyy St Bo shikai ots iets * ha senveretts pies “eg ae ke Deas) Qrieieyt nailes 2 tO nciue wt? aeteniites | inns Iv @arcplts oft to aot erepelin jog 6 od aw Robes ae part) toe Dory F ie seb Maen eetye lageae asap An wo oF Hye vidda me st7nthA Lo be a i ) fd aotronté salt vl sage ie by é uf =a iol re ee dean n¢ irerA Ww mneeind 2 lee TT ching @ Pp? Pe fh pea ed OL GF & & sant atlyhn Hohe A tre sus) cerokee A oe ater) 8 Hinte vent A peal? ane gigl wn) strays owe? one Te, Ce" hives ne 4 wililidetecdn eee oe vier ni ueoeerUe wey ) is noiites? ‘Side i’ ie a ain sh wrtieny) yiMidie: 3 = Low) ype Wa epomese wl? sey egraprerset nail Cola ieroe Ve9!2 » am 24 ie Se 7) Ad we hives (int ot ade eQMpoR Doers tariibam ad vine thpae Cie cpr Shhanieds i aol tiie. ii. 4 DUSA RO enonenniiadas yleave vu a? yes jag hawt yl cvrcheng cP iY Eset bent myse etamnewy to honed Al es hae x iese Gwr aot, oi Stine 45am sow Mow ¢ ts ors OF peo tilleper: bee ONT fideniiion bogricda _tiohke se deg 28 ei it 44. tort otyeviins Noggly Olp_gugry iets ee The meg eee +e) maveing oat 13 odo Pe A oll a4 teeth eos iv te Soa ae nA, pit Ro ree ods tt eagemode as why 4 0 idaky daimiedeyal ont A: CaM 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Sargent Hall Cleaning of the Sargent murals became an issue shortly after the final installation. As early as 1933, the Examining Committee noted that the Sargent paintings needed attention recommending that they should be cleaned or treated.*” An undated letter to the Mayor of Boston, probably from the 1940s, related: I went to see the Sargent frescoes in the BPL, I remember having seen them 40 years ago, not long after Mr. Sargent had painted them. They were so fine and the colour was beautiful in those days. Now I cannot say if the colours have faded or whether smoke and dirt have covered them but they have lost their colour & brilliance. It is a great loss to Boston, and I am hoping you will be able to do something about it.” In response to this letter, the Assistant to the Director of the Library notified the Mayor that: We shall indeed wish to do something to accomplish a cleaning of these murals within the period immediately ahead in order that we may come to the beginning of the observance of our centennial Anniversary with them in good condition. The last cleaning of the Sargent paintings was done in 1940 under the technical direction of the Art commission of the City of Boston. We are at present time looking forward to improvement in the lighting of the Central Library building, following a complete & extensive lighting thus afforded it will be necessary to make certain ees P Apeer ue . 480 that all of the mural paintings themselves are in as clean and pristine a condition as possible. Although no records of the 1950s cleaning have been found, a letter criticizing a cleaning job indicated that they were cleaned, albeit poorly. Mr. R. H. Ives Gammell, in a letter of resignation from the BPL Centennial Committee, cited the inadequate cleaning job of the murals as the main reason for his resignation. He expressed his disapproval, thus: I have just visited the Sargent Hall where I was horrified to find that substantial portions of these superb decorations have been, in my opinion, damaged beyond possibility of repair. The full extent of the damage may perhaps be apparent since they were first unveiled in 1916. However, anyone comparing their present appearance with the photographs available at the library can hardly fail to be shocked by the changes which have taken place in many important areas notable in three of the small lunettes which have been to all intents and purposes ruined.™ A final reference to conservation of the murals was found in the 1983-84 Annual Report that said, “In the opinion of many art experts, the murals by John Singer Sargent were almost destroyed by previous efforts at restoration.” A report prepared by the Center for Conservation & Technical Studies, Harvard University Art Museums in 1986 reported that the Sargent paintings were in structurally good condition with a “disfiguring layer of dirt on the surface” as well as extensive loose dust and grime. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 203 Gh Weasealladeeal irc ate vars ities 98 Gadeennye carting beneath _ | Voird tarchaw cA ey : ee ‘chy srene mala vodieneprerte & PUT eet ti w eo) ee dey Sle tye etre T way ered anode i belted bales ‘4 aaitiwl 2 Utdoliys ste) tat eat py) ed erty bee tee = 5 Wyte, prt Mittens SS on sedact iw we wn ote veld outa bothnoes vanity oe Yo vagsettitl a Seared vit c*aa"tn'y OY oieliney adaevegett. earl be pling ois 6 tayo ian Oe sie) He te poumpetndiy uly by palyiriead at od merits Hi SiG ae a re Jcumgg tas! pats Ph reals eal onl” jen tt 26 vl) wit lo ccomaungs MA > Dee. i ol igen wett Ww erurrnsl aoe af HTD ATU i ever 14 gies ae meant $2 ‘Hee babe mind) yng eee plenty 66 SH dihty & wwii) 9 One rts e& oi ove peel soar ig te ih 8 yrtbeu'ts' gui Fries wei fo bose HO loro due ye") let Dole . tS od: mow re pia ee ‘eR jaw 6 yilaigais beta & beh) nod sed Gola, : mol 4 tb Sail eed HW et Hioags offiy TTL tw 26s) ab dee i, “WL Wo anlar? ‘EY Lorn wits wid beets mise ari WOVeItgiawry Vy vey letong | at ag led) we Beto tame ie vPsat tees a? Vi as iu, aiwtred hop cnn: .noteige 6 WAs “reo D AL¢S ti Gali sil) ote pall sane Hye nas widl? vfs a 4 Satiavn nde tenig Hii). It ae gab’? 1 Shor Mares 2 Ui “nen pe Soni oe * Dewian' wile play hee = “ot ley Ak ba-EMOT sgt] o buch on lean Tia SIS Tee rd] ye wader ot, a yer di papthiesse feu? ra, ab aia tantreig mM atu Wricivese> eb atidian ms a ie wh a : an ‘i gen Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Music Library Tipe iy Music Library 1990s Restoration Room No. 704 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Art Room Early plans Architecture Library Monograph No plan 1895 Music Library 1897 Music Room 1898 Music Library 1908 Music 1916 Music Room 1929 Treasure Room 1964 Treasure Room Plan as built in 1895 N> SPECIAL LIBRARIES SPECIAL SPECIAL LIBRARIES. LIBRARIES TRUSTEES’ ROOM CONTINUED FINE ARTS ROOM BATES HALL. CONTINUED CENTRAL LIBRARY. SPECIAL LIBRARIES BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 204 Ia i Ad La hig, ’ es o~ i ten Os ae | an, ee a ss 7 MM ay ae hia ee al * ee eh Cee «ay lal ae ee a O¢ oe 1] y Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Music Library Library as Completed 1895 Purpose The earliest references to this room indicated that McKim originally intended it to be an Architectural Library dedicated to the memory of Trinity Church architect, H. H. Richardson. Reportedly, the plan was for several architects in Boston to decorate the room that would house the Library’s architectural holdings. It is assumed that this plan was abandoned in 1894 when Bostonian, Allen A. Brown, donated his collection of music books and scores to the Library. The earliest floor plans that designate the room as “Music Library” date to 1895. Herbert Small described the collection of over 15,000 volumes as “the most complete musical library in the country, rich in rare scores, and containing a great amount of historical and biographical material.” Garnsey related that the collection included over 200 original operatic scores including a complete set of Wagner’s operas. In addition to books and scores, the collection also included American and foreign musical magazines and periodicals.*” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Entered up a flight of five steps in the center of the west wall of the Sargent Hall, the Music Library, as built, had a low vaulted ceiling with arches supported by pilasters. The walls and arches were finished in white plaster. Small indicated that the plain walls would “probably sometime be covered with decoration,” but in photographs, it appears that the only decoration was a decorative color scheme differentiating the walls from the other details.*’ Coffers with rosettes adorned both the large arches at the north and south sides, and the smaller arches over the windows and niches on the east and west sides. On the south wall there was a Siena marble mantle with a frieze ornamented with low relief lions and bears (fig. I-70). Fixtures and Furnishings The room was well lit by the three arched windows facing the court on its east wall. Shades were put on these windows at an early phase in the room’s history. An early, but undated, photograph shows a chandelier hanging from the center of the ceiling and standard double armed table lamps on the reading tables (fig. I-72). There were also wall sconces mounted onto the pilasters. The reading tables were long, oak tables with ornamental feet, similar to those in Bates Hall. Windsor chairs were placed around the tables. Plain wooden bookshelves were BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 205 es aed th beSaonaey heaton ire Wha ot b | ? dn aA anit, tere wink TW palates ds 0 | nob wre iS aye \ 1) vieroosh oy aoleod ni eosin lela ‘abi at tharos ve | lane Lert 41, weathipel ievapvarictene oy ry Saki Sezyeri Mnewttd ile mabpstios sid bateneb .eword A alla, a ww PPE! +) Sonoda ey es bk bd cca hy ee Mes Te foot Jaci tyne y: 4 Pas Hi J “0 bai OO, ( waa bo neragsiod snd boc oeeks Tene yee Liss ; me oF sath” vundit bret, whey Bi fon ~ranwes a) aby isi sh @mor tery att ane option yoann.“ cuproret lbidqameid bak anon io Whours /soty yg i a HO INOS £ Sioa nt e7iGst MIE} 3qo bartigi ta rue teeturrrai fo alhecs hehileal cals tatestlo od? aden bae noe OF toitibin br “a = Bho. or dilsothaprenes five a agisvot biter, ts aie a a} more as + Py - x : AS oo. | AGS ' » edleeni) ores een Ie wy iiels Pe es Be A srt ic low @aw ds 6 nine on oxi) Vo tigi? aut C .tieenalig vd bonoages conzin cite andlion Ie erat wird 2%; hart elise siiele Sail? fessional Teo. toaadia Ae frsdrini sw eimaee i Al Sil) homens ti any a8 ites 1M 22 son nt 6b lie line hel “reaped aa ‘ ’ ia ai elie octy mont! few adi gebsitas nib ated co) =P 4 ex ORGS 0 iN}, hiis Miron sitge colts ite oil? Hind Aiproeer Lite imap * yes oe pel" Ah ies | } Ee hia Bic & Maw srs ‘ini di i": Tid “i cai) ste a i .obte Jegw foe ted’ ah oo eecioin pas re ee poiler wal stliw betnochenwe osery + iitiw alana a’ ' 7 ; ‘ a y bs a i rey j er pA t is ew fae 2 (15! a grisea sista : yi oF) yd ai Move pene hod ois BA; oct & mic Praia ie pi 20 eee) oat aE 6 BIKS> SAD lp yao eld cnt se cs * HD Nes qr yi» Sine okey wet ott 4ST gil sais vibe ih : ae rp 7 > ‘ . é 7 ented sable O9 wh Rete itenccant cr nears a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Music Library placed around the perimeter of the room and extended into the center of the room from the sides. It appears that some of the bookshelves were stained a natural wood color and some were painted white. There were also several wooden card catalogue cases throughout the room (fig. I-71). Library Alterations to 1909 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The 1905 Annual Report said that the room was “entirely renovated under the direction of the Library’s painter.” It is assumed that this means that the room was repainted, and possibly small repairs were made to the plaster if needed. No major architectural changes were made in this period. Fixtures and Furnishings No changes were reported in the fixtures or furnishings. Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose The room served its original purpose as a Music Library until 1929 when it was transformed into the “Treasure Room.” In 1925, prompted by reports on the fire safety of the Library’s collections, the Examining Committee requested the creation of a room to protect the rarest items.” As its name suggests, the Treasure Room was reserved for the storage of the most valuable holdings of the library, such as the first five folios of Shakespeare and the Bay Psalm Book, reportedly the earliest book printed in the American colonies.” It was no longer used as a reading room, but more as an exhibition space to view these old books. To secure the collection, the room was retrofitted with the protective cases and fireproofing as discussed below (fig. I-73). The Brown Music collection was moved into the former Barton Ticknor Room at the north end of Sargent Hall. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 206 ener Groar oes Yo going oelt ofad aise cok i” = 7A ne fume eis boos natin « kesadian arti pag ‘sama acl) acy "ea cugene) tr oe laren “_e WT aie hus wry: Bits 122 ate ge wernt Len a | reeneyal Mae AO gel) dnds ets Soist ales perl) be lorry cubiven sain OA Bet eyes lies odped, ts epriteurid 1o Rondel ve ttt 31 coc O22) Nira Gath) sa ae : P é vi del oy Hi ew ° ‘Tetta ¥ voll fi ” | ork tte wile EnQ} a - pi ¥ R001 IO aR Weippe sia? see fh ewan cig aii? ok eerrogy 200 ae eer yt uct Lexenyggtia & le bog syle oot re have vraratil sii Yu st a. Seg Aen temirge odt Uborogevs e ney HO aes Nea Tee al Pe Qirheot wo a Dyes asin’ vl (Hine Paeoien ae nog odd woltsailan ody tig mn Pi ave . neu, een od TAG y a (ai!) wethad 4 Tape? to bes firme ots fa aro hai Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Music Library Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Significant changes were made in 1929 to convert the room into a fireproof repository. All wooden bookcases were removed and steel and bronze “inclusive wall cases” were installed. These cases were inset into the walls, their glass paned doors allowing the reader to view the titles of the books inside. The drawings also indicated that two fire resistant cases were installed.» The reading tables were removed, and free standing permanent exhibition cases were installed. These cases had a base of pink Tennessee marble with steel (painted to look like oak) lockable storage cabinets in the bottom, and glass enclosed viewing cases at the top. All of these steel bookcases and exhibition cabinets are still extant in the room. A 1928 drawing also details changes in the stone architrave and plinths to receive a new bronze door frame for fireproof doors to be added behind the existing door to the space.” A new marble floor was laid, and an eight-inch high platform was installed in front of the windows. A desk for the attendant was placed on the platform. The room, at the time of writing this report is called the Cheverus Room, and is painted in ivory and shades of tan. Fixtures and Furnishings In 1915 the table lamps and catalogue case lamps in the Music Library were replaced with “semi-indirect fixtures.” As of 1921, there was a piano made by Benjamin Crehore of Milton in 1800 housed in the Music Library.*” A photograph taken after the Treasure Room conversion shows new bronze chandeliers hanging from the center vault and the end bays of the ceiling. Sconces to match these chandeliers replaced those formerly mounted on the pilasters. All of these lighting fixtures still remain at the time of the writing of this report, and the windows have louvered blinds. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 207 iit Pisce rs Teer? cr ‘ flag bow mg etal wat il There a . 9r0w Soke Hewat sod bas lowed vases colt pois colar bontn wanlg veel silwor 3 yeriny wi © tier hidmieenarerecshaoniai rene eeny jelbeaiae st hae seromes ererey wh uhh 94 pisqire? Ariog Yo) stat fot appt updbedt sid fd trapieies yale = I yo eobtics ietididew bas Hepes yataset le | | 07 sae arb wi haga, alectob oale Be jvind bohbe eda eneh lente sat cnet i a oi17 | pri. th alist) Gane ei apol (ioct ‘acai, pew hs Sah ow ? : a ee | C90 RR Dt) date FY — my ve he I _ big ccook quiver.) a? Ulin of reget “4 olor er ot i Ope ; Sa) ak whan he wy ia ur Serer rrul abled sal » Eetpas epern eta arrayed sigirid wels Mi 1458) NONE oior) engnesd yd YDaaputel, « ““M “peated | ever wi “sherds spy! wae weeds gebovaes qecd? mA pony Cu cores Wins 2) Io. red bag acl) pier hy UA eli iene tel rl oo ebyt.cw oes ame pang? tits bo anit a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Barton Library 7.3.3.3 Barton Library 1990s Restoration Room No. 705 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype Reserved Bowditch Early MMW Engravings & Fine Arts Monograph No plan 1895 Barton Library 1897 Barton Ticknor 1898 Barton Ticknor 1908 Barton Ticknor 1929 Music Room 1959 Music Department 1974 Charlotte Cushman Room Plan as built in 1895 N= Bik SPECIAL LIBRARIES - fF eee ete eee eH SPECIAL SPECIAL = | vueraries LIBRARIES ee : : MUSIC LIBRARY GATES HALL. CONTINUED CENTRAL LIBRARY. SPECIAL LIBRARIES BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 208 aw - = 8 9r | = ig = — | : a> ales Ny Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Barton Library Library as Completed 1895 Purpose The domed room at the north end of Sargent Hall was reserved to house special collections. The Barton Collection of English dramatic literature, for which the room was named, was the major collection kept in this room from the beginning. The collection contained 14,000 volumes including 1,300 editions of Shakespeare. This large Shakespeare collection, Small related, was “unequalled in the world, outside of two or three of the great English libraries.”"*” In 1894, the collection was reportedly valued at $250,000.*” The other most prominent collection was the Ticknor collection bequeathed to the library by George Ticknor, a historian of Spanish literature and former president of the Library. The collection contained between six and seven thousand volumes of Spanish books. At the opening of the Library, there were three other collections housed in this room. The Prince collection, including 3,000 volumes relating to the early history of New England, was formed by Reverend Thomas Prince, a minister of the Old South in the first half of the 18th century. The Lewis collection also contained about 600 books relating to New England and Massachusetts. Finally, the Barlow collection of Americana contained books “almost all of unusual rarity” purchased by the BPL from S. L. M. Barlow of Brooklyn, New York.” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The Barton Library was entered through a leather door at the north end of Sargent Hall. It was a rectangular room wit: an elliptical domed plaster ceiling (fig. I-74). In each corner of the flat ceiling around the dome, there was a round niche ornamented with decorative plaster leaf patterns. The ceiling may have been painted with calcimine, according to a later specification that recommends re-coating with calcimine. At the north end of the room, there was a deep alcove of stacks on both the ground floor and balcony level. The walls of both the lower level and gallery level were lined with bookcases topped by a decorative plaster cornice. The floor was of the typical terrazzo found in the rest of the building with a wide border darker than the field in the center. On the west wall, there were two windows that let light in from the courtyard, and a leather door that led to the north corridor wing. An oculus at the top of the dome also provided light to the room. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 209 Pas. “e™ Leen cent an beipnene ania Lal, each ott cubtie ted ema! sodimall dlted! soeion of weeihenigiel oath miei moevn alte ia’ swirl Miele stereos ke aspalaib: nai ri 1 Stee Pew ntl) eed the Legit ota ow S ios berteges agw oebeios of 2O8L al. ne nid sas wilion somterl aft-ee apbjeiies? biest roevTel be eieterpatl dal joe Io 1enome win Sireecisls novee bie wa sweet a real lod wedi. Seacdt sree oevsct! te Gud vals fas ari ce nekiele) esaitiipy HE palais i) sot te ~aasintar card ecnodlT bree J 000 iwodé benGaine > dale aeiioslios ciwad oaT, nA & Aotres ine wee a2) vlna oes @ 1 &onot) SR obs od teste nie) “Het CH iMeyaed 10 ble Aran ott Jn toa iit (ids 6 PA gaucrall Galen es rew viz dose inh APE oll) getlica sotesity bomeh imp a wate eer a itv baie “40>, aie. la beni? 6 etiv se oUpae 4 shims Cape U4 HMA tsk yeu Vieni yotinasd®) AA ei ctoles cite Satiawptetrs clcvotni rack ay mgt) ex Dag AA baie 2932 hited a:° oJ ea 1O payda ie thin feos sree ieee oreties Lona or ee on, veTT at idoseng? ait) To ai Goel aT rpoirrioes t use seb pt hie ey aalriaahal aed S = heim “ommetiegiea aii au ft Ga ip ele pat Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Barton Library Fixtures and Furnishings The room contained long oak tables and Windsor chairs arranged in two rows. At the opening of the Library, there was a bronze statue of Sir Henry Vane sculpted by MacMonnies and donated to the Library by Dr. Charles Goddard Weld. Vane was the Governor of Massachusetts in from 1636 to 1937. This statue remained here for a few years and was later placed in a niche in the Entrance Vestibule. Library Alterations to 1909 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes In 1905 the walls, piers, and ceiling were refinished in a campaign headed by the Library’s painter.” An undated photograph, most likely from this period, showed grated doors covering the shelves on the first level. At the me of the photograph, there was an exhibition of prints displayed on the doors, but they appear to be permanent (fig. I-75). Fixtures and Furnishings In 1897, lights were added inside the rim of the dome (figs. I-75, I-76).*” As of 1899, there were several furniture additions to the room. These included: George Ticknor’s mahogany library desk; a large, carved teak able with a marble top; and a heavy armchair made of wood from the “famous old Elm” that stood on Boston Common.”” Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose The room held these collections until 1929 when the Music Library was moved in from its original location off the west side of Sargent Hall. In 1974~75 this room was re-named the Charlotte Cushman Room BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 210 £ HP, ener on bb aparmanied dd beigiod ae T yiadth sib 9 94 su si* yew ove? Ob SbbeD aie - wil «g tol ed Leann due aT ~ orye litt Agel S\) Wo aw yesied ates be ) Lait con um lyote stom wit ageiliel monk phere ote tol) qe of? aap eel eee) of cotepden Tair woes en hee ofeice ooftigie insgied off bee oll od aor “lew 27 BO mone oe to andery ow orien Scot een “rete TD il oO? sop] te eimeeedS ont owed 0 bolaoya aw rues emo 40) Yoel ade te eae rere naeoio nw singe eee) shading nt jo wate 16 Sh bend mapa acl jude Seed ported orth dice quaPyoub lo aah eben i A) alt dlaw ady bee genie fecroy'@ becad i hg ? cont avg bite Date Geil 4) ed ct ee Moly Fi a ers Gatien «6 lo 1 oa ert deol ot tides ever! Pia ould Tialeg ve Wlew SUE asive. Atk} ow Bs he ae eriweehiag dead boost wwoll (onnecety cit es ake ls bneoia ne ee a « hd tenting orbtsiiter vlled ud tT nog 6 Pviicke ve oie id egncdoit endl iit) ou ietel pola sire porlies boow talt Joy Deve ipteae Sill reecull ino alles Boga lsHiabd get : dad om sLwiAl a 7 14) Ww genet over exe] sda fee Sorte ‘p ey) scare tals were gete owl) tts Wieavt roodare oft .atelg oft spbontt: yniesg col am + geortgat eet lo abinwhineads cvorl querer ac lt Brrawour ey atte maneeiiactaxghs: wT rey yt erubltiseeds We cu3 90% a ga EN TW ab a¢ hierie) *) bocalatee. mean reat ow Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Fine Arts Room At the time of this writing, there are metal free-standing exhibition cases in the Wiggin Room, which most likely replaced the original wooden cases due to fireproofing concerns. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 216 a ee q Le ped mohilp : . i i 2 i ae 44 7) siegtit ie ih ees achat : Reb oats ob ti aabingied Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Photographing Room rhedets Photographing Room, Special Library Floor Gallery 1990s Restoration Room Number 801-804 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype No plan Monograph No plan 1895 Photographing Room 1946 Office of Curator of Prints 1972 Print Department Plan as built in 1895 N-> iy tee < > 1 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 217 P 7 etegi ao c \ y . ; a a : RHE a tives on eel - ih: ‘8 al “oY y ‘ P= 2+ box nePh-< 4 o 7 7D: ' r a a Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Photographing Room Library as Completed 1895 Purpose At the opening of the Library, the balcony area off the Fine Arts Room gallery was reserved for the use of photographing prints and manuscript plates from the Fine Arts collection. Well lit by natural light and located near the Fine Arts Department, this was an appropriately designated space. Because it was a secondary space, very little information has been found regarding its history. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The Photographing Room was the only self-contained room on this level. It was reached by ascending the steps at the south end of the Fine Arts Room and turning east on the gallery level. It received natural light from three large arched courtyard windows on its north wall. In front of the windows ran a decorative metal railing which is still extant today. The ceiling was vaulted and supported by piers that divided the space into two areas (fig. D-26).°”° Fixtures and Furnishings There is built-in shelving that was most likely installed originally in the room. No photos or records of the original lighting or free-standing furnishings were found. Library Alterations to 1909 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes No information has been found to indicate architectural changes in this time period. Fixtures and Furnishings No noted changes in fixtures or furnishings were made. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 218 ew Vistlay (400H uné onl sch Ro aria yee ere wl vii non! eMail ig7> aim Mie ern at ; soya sd & OM 1 a ice ats heh oi? edig v4 bondogus ‘ ony att Ai tigate Ralicvent +ialil walter ions e-* btieal pd Aenly eas Pilea cthy rn 10 ® ahs imal ei hana a heute sper’ ad! ay eoigrtndhe Seeeashivue stele Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Photographing Room Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose Post-1945 references to the space call it the “Office of the Curator of Prints.” It was presumably transformed after the 1941 donation of the Wiggin Collection of prints, for which additional administration must have been needed. By 1964, the balcony was simply labeled Print Department. By this time, the Wiggin Room was used primarily as an exhibition space, leaving most of the storage to be done on the balcony level. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes Changes were detailed in two sets of drawings, one from 1940 and one from 1948. Today, the room looks much as the original McKim, Mead & White drawings detailed it, indicating that no major changes were made at this ume. The replacement of the terrazzo floor with a rubber tle floor is probably the most significant change recorded on the drawings.” At the time of wniting this report, the walls are painted light green and the ceiling is painted ivory. Fixtures and Furnishings Today, two types of hanging fixtures exist in the Print Department. Their installation date is not known. The room contains tables and desks used for the Print Department staff and for Library patrons who wish to view prints in the collection. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 219 CAs eS se 7 - : +f = ~~ a 7 1 ea ; ~ s 5c iM ; a ro, : 7 ino lit sem ah le sah” sila isan? sige! V oof he nobanad: soot le A Pw Begiaslens nesoct gush: es A) atop ew mood singh od? ae love frosted orit 40 ayab od On Swe a choT S60) bterf¥ ube Ete 0961 sori ono Othe Bue Te 4 by lwh weaiweit sie & beskl aah nis Jo dretirlerrs fT wry aiid an eben peg Hoon aah PEAY we 16 o-U vidadorcy af > . ; r ttieer te? Bhs torviy gg! betetag wi6clleW ae GO AD gertrr 2 ipa ek pellet geet, all rigugeh| ary’ teh LD 1C8 Pah Datu Jaye f iii’? nolt wil Deal domysiias Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor Corridors eecede0 Special Library Floor Corridors 1990s Restoration Room No. 706-718 Use/Name Changes of Room Heliotype No plan Monograph No plan 1895 Special Libraries 1897 Students Room 1898-1959 Special Libraries Plan as built in 1895 N-> Rae oe Seon tawus Ses ods oe 2 oe ee : A eee = Me 0) See — S| — E os ” oo ft MUSIC LIBRARY Se FINE ARTS ROOM oI SARGENT HALL BATES HALL, CONTINUED CENTRAL LIBRARY. SPECIAL LIBRARIES BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 220 Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor Corridors Library as Completed 1895 Purpose The corridors of the Special Library Floor were reserved for housing of special collections in the alcoves, and for reading in the spans between the alcoves and the large windows facing the courtyard. One critic wrote that “Students will find large accommodations here for the quiet pursuit of particular lines of investigation. It is intended to provide opportunities for particular research in other directions as well.”"* At the time of the Library opening, the North Corridor was said to house the following collections: John Adams Collection of 2,800 volumes; Bowditch Collection of mathematical and astronomical books; Thayer Collection of extra-illustrated manuscripts; Benjamin Franklin Collection of editions of his writings and publications about his life; and the Parker Collection of anti-slavery literature. Continuing around to the west corridor were a Collection of British documents, the American History Collection, and at the south end, a collection of United States Documents. The South Corridor contained the Fine Arts Collection and Fine Arts Reading Room.” Other collections that appeared in these corridors throughout the years included: The 20" Massachusetts Volunteer Memorial Library of books related to the Civil War and other U:S. wars; the Galatea Collection of books related to the history of women; the Library of the Boston Browning Society containing books related to Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning; the Codman Collection of books on landscape gardening and architecture; and the Artz Collection in commemoration of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.” Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes The corridors of the Special Library Floor ran around the north, west, and south sides of the building spanning its entire width from the outside wall to the courtyard wall. A description of the corridors written before the Library opened simply described the spaces. ..-an open grating runs down the middle of each of the four long rooms which surround the court; between the grating and the street will be stored various special collections of books; between the grating and the court is ample space for readers, lighted by numerous broad and lofty windows; no better study-room could be desired.™ The corridors were lined on the courtyard side with rows of large arched windows with radiators covered by grilles beneath. The plaster ceilings were vaulted, supported by square piers in the center of the space and engaged piers between the windows. The floors were originally of terrazzo (fig. I-84). Opposite the window wall, on the other side BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 221 : Ni | ~ mM ai A - 7 aie 7. eh Sas R eae ne, a ce = taped Aye are o dp yation lalnege Ip genion sat beeriaess SOW bo Vee etts auc alll brie ees wiv civeaed eoagel weal 2) oar COS oytel beth "aw reslure 1 2 shivey opteahmbiedl 217; aliaginnend SS & 0 to atau ste a’ eve ee anotrertih tages ae je] sanbtysiiag prtwottert shi oho a blse eats - bat ism ‘Hotadarn to ae o5llal alowed 9 ninvaerdl eines Sone Terie io cay Ay Tae oe ee ivouks env. 2 Hidaug nye et a ow yOOTT IO ratat srt oO) baw Ui AUT OP wi TyF twos. ort to BRR Oaks 2 pete? jesriohk cee PLA ae i) belted thdbinc 2 ded att amr aug] ay Haves ye fasts qelrrsiies “ont ed iano reNLanliny apse are 4 OR ol T DS = hap pisack ® hy olssiignd Qabeige! wih, Lar aa? Oa a1 teria Aa! Pr nll? te Ve arelt “hel 3 Thi. tin) oi ynemeete 117 4 dane’ ‘cxtl bie 7 jl e@tirvcltin Yes A oe Bein torus vies oe jinsbrsys = ech Quetpaa Sat M7094 90 [suis ion sod helene i Hoty Ferd od whos Tew obietan orl ance ae vy bedi aahig at beige vee ohh at weve une ake oonyonys genet wes) ete Ie Ahh 1h pinnae hte bey analyte passe ct ge rapeslut Wit NAR tapi tyes ff Gonrtyl) conn 94 : Vig L 7 ’ : alia bad - ' simian vay i ef hourigque logy, ae oAT cence yh ie by tate od) op slew hy wh etl ' ry. Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor Corridors of the piers, there were galleried alcoves containing the stacks. In the south and west corndors, the gallery floor undulated in a “U” shape in each alcove (fig. I-88), but in the north corridor, the gallery floor covered the entire first level alcove area. In each case, a metal railing ran around the gallery floor. The book railway and pneumatic tubes ran through the galleries of the alcoves. The book elevator that carried the books to the stacks below was located near the Fine Arts Room. The finishes in these corridors were simple at the opening of the Library, although it seems that this was not intended to be the ultimate appearance. Walker predicted that the ceiling “in future times can be made famous by its decorations as is the loggia of Raphael, and will recall similar galleries in Italian palaces.”*” The area that came to be known as the Fine Arts Reading Room, was intended at one point to be an Architectural Library (718). The space was supposed to be decorated by architects, in memory of H. H. Richardson.” However, none of this decoration was ever carried out (fig. I-82). Fixtures and Furnishings Early photographs of the corridor reading rooms show that they contained the typical long oak tables and Windsor chairs arranged in rows. The west gallery had flat map files at each pier. There were double globed sconces on each of the pilasters and piers running the length of the corridors. The tables had the typical double-armed desk lamps. Library Alterations to 1909 Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes No significant architectural changes were made to the corridors in this time period. In 1896, there was 2,150 feet of radiating surface added on the floor improving the conditions for readers.*” In addition, in 1907 the vacuum cleaning system was extended to include the Special Library Floor.” Fixtures and Furnishings No evidence of changes in fixtures or furnishings during this period was found. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 222 ras Dew atten aily of pee mene: be only. wit eT wil) geste ches 1th Seperte SP ‘o el / samen ol ce enol deetnah oes of Be ner andes) races rig bes geveliny dood al: St 0) nino! aét lowes idl tepenely doe Ur Mgwertsler pei ory ti yrsisor cll ia cgal vf Leniboas STN oneesqe sreraiglos ot: 1 sue ‘ort @@m ancivetn: yral> ried eae for wil emeotl "egies neileil at BLO IOLA Tie al ob Teg onrote botnet amie is Omen oso vd barrio a gh. Rl cee ts baartgs 7979 ae cosa ago dl Leite york rads worl: awor gillian tt geno tel} Sed ysiag teow ST torr ni beRastis ‘vane ony grant et aig ‘hem te snixatig wit 10 uses fam, yide dest betrisieh lyaiepe ee Jobe sintbair a Pollino oft-os shatis wifentoigan sini a no bebhe soahoue hal saga aust Comings gras oa epuasony: ald FORL al Joel nae beso is wiaaia serial ; Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor Corridors Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Purpose These corridors always held special collections, but they were moved around in this time period when other changes were made throughout the floor. Until 1921 the Fine Arts Department was housed in the south corridor. The 1921 Handbook related that it had been moved to the West Corridor (where it is today). The old Fine Arts Reading Room area in the south corridor later became the Science and Technology Department.” In 1929, the Music Department was moved into part of the North Gallery adjoining the old Barton Ticknor Room.” In 1940 plans, this area in the North Gallery was designated as the Rare Book Department.” In 1966, the Science and Technology reference collection was moved from the south corridor to the Patent Room in the west wing. After its move, the alcove area of the south corridor was closed off and used for storage. The partition wall closing off the storage area was used as additional exhibition space. The current configuration seems to have been arranged between 1973 and 1975 after the opening of the Johnson Building. The West Gallery housed the Fine Arts and Music Departments. The Rare Books department was moved into the Johnson Building with a new entrance at the north end of the West Gallery. This corner of the floor was renovated into the Serge Koussevitzky Exhibition Area. Physical Description Architectural Details and Finishes These changes in collection locations necessitated physical alterations in some cases. In 1927, $250,000 was appropriated for improvements on the third floor. A full set of drawings prepared by Fox & Gale architects at that time details the changes made. The North Gallery received the most significant alterations. Bronze gates were installed at the entrance to each alcove so that collections could be locked up (fig. I-87). In the center of the long hall, a glazed wood screen was installed to bisect the length of the space. The end closest to the old Barton Ticknor Room was still a reading room, while the west end contained many desks and was seemingly an administrative area. The terrazzo floor was covered with rubber tile at this time as well” There is evidence today of further alterations made in the North Gallery in 1934. Partitions were erected in the west end of the gallery to make a small office. Now, only scars remain in the floor ules from where the partitions were removed.” In. 1964 there were some additional changes made to all corridors. Specifications fora contract with ABC Electrical Corp. indicate that a new rubber tle floor and base were to BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 223 if ahs a ae sive PR cit hevcperde beewerttt ana woe dud Ons ert, oi 4 oil ar | wit 2 woh so segue bai! ti tat!) Daal) ded boslt fae 4a. vei ot (ae week anit it ott pipes iontnaqgeel epctions eT ia es ania jo atl) autedoihe Yisiethibre ait Port anart that ox boaters Gols gow vtalaey dio ae it compat Iehene. + Rereber Mepicnige Stuer aaa ody 2 i‘ Host Mele meee Sel! ai roo ine pas ore ‘nonrmed MT S_eraR vt hae be So bot a ) “playa we Hlile (nO Dee an baat aa } SE RARE Y, ere te sper 4 asDd Le = ae rus] i hiv A gal sett Sud Verligld ug oP bern. ooh Diy seen Hine yb eroeniiel Mu GPS) ROBSON ane inser eas OA ee ry ve . derong nie! fol, oe he Urs Gite eraligad Yep hf ot Aish 4 so asia eerie senth a ane a mn a a — P| *, avisa “moe Ni eaedesre Looe Seaelnegs® ho oo ul’ & nett brid sale ce 5719 ota Pee wit) ahve? eogheto ort eilaed sith jer 76 Soom w(t i, bolus) wtye ote Cran eerie et oe jo *elnga say al “TRY eA) eae wh od hlireg ene sfT Saegatels to craasl pal toe ou boli kas wow oda slithe set QS fh lila eae GOR 7 7 ci “yet! oesarineewely: cork sveamiieininettin 2A imme yea asheraty han 1h 0 (abo sonrahnes et: sont °* Shee vue 2 Sty ee le bas eee ot) oe Soyogin vex gnoizityel ese oigsaton foethy hea | ae pHeans + od raat 7 ? ti 2 16) aura torge “aban an e yw Sat Das roth sis psd Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Special Library Floor Corridors be installed atop the terrazzo floor in the south and west corridors. They were instructed to provide “latex type underlayment for leveling the floor and to repair any defects that might interfere with the proper laying of the floor.” The rubber tile was specified as “1/8" x 9" x 9" homogeneous Rubber Tile in the Marble Series as made by Armstrong or equal.” In the North Corridor, repairs were made to the plaster, and all materials were refinished as necessary.” Fixtures and Furnishings In 1923, fifteen 300-watt indirect ceiling fixtures were installed in the west corridor (fig. 1.85). The 1928 Annual Report notes more new lights in this corridor that year.”” Fluorescent light fixtures detailed on the 1931 drawings of the West and South Galleries still exist today.” Photos dated 1929, show hanging fixtures in the North Gallery which are still extant today (fig. I-86). The exact installation date of these fixtures has not been found. In 1964, new box lights and hanging globes were installed in the alcoves.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 224 - se 7 ' 4s ys. - ' beaursead super opt cries bas ves ett eels wns Lig nos sa rool oly gnil: @ Latte down stis vadsien oft ical 56 Oo baGmeun ht >? hem a tats ee amy wysGl clafraiua iis & 4a ratnesg cy Go bere itr tea orth ad belgent? ribsenoeall vy nah SOnrign. 4h a 64h welt onsite vie” coed One pe? at lo canbe tet ai eee ne bent cote ate oc) ai conn’ games wom Se win sort 2.anel gently eth eotpalleceati Line sab Muetersle sai a) bollaay ore ae toly = Shane | ' ot aga, i - / as 't 7 a: - “. : - a a as 7 ot ’ ; : YP 7 AG 7 te au: artis i Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Stacks 7.3.4 Stacks Library as Completed 1895 The design of the interior of the Boston Public Library was innovative in many ways. One of the most original elements of the building’s design was the placement and construction of the stacks. McKim’s heliotype drawings of 1888 locate the stacks in a U-shape on three sides of the building—filling half of the north wing, the full west wing, and half of the south wing on each floor. This design was to hold two million volumes, a number that Jordy points out was equal to the capacity for the new Library of Congress building. As the design matured, however, the stacks were limited only to the southwest corner of the six floors, approximately half of the area of McKim’s original design. The stacks were ventilated and lighted by windows on both the court side and the exterior shell of the building. The new elements of the stack design were twofold. First, their placement in a centralized block as closed stacks was only just being developed in America, and meant that there would be a new system for patrons to obtain books from the collection. Second, the construction of each level as an independent unit was a convention that was slowly taking root in library architecture, and enabled the eventual reorganization of these spaces for different uses. In the old BPL building on Boylston Street and in most libraries around the world at the end of the nineteenth century, the stacks surrounded the patrons in one large reading room or in various specialized reading rooms. In the new design, the placement of most of the collection in a location inaccessible to the public, meant that patrons could no longer browse the shelves as they were used to doing. Although centralized stacks were beginning to appear in American libraries in the 1880s, they had not achieved unanimous acceptance by the library community. William Frederick Poole, the compiler of Poole’s Index to Periodical Literature and the librarian of the Newberry Library in Chicago, still advocated the design of a series of individual reading rooms with open shelving. He publicly criticized the design of the Boston Public Library stacks in an interview published in the Library Journal.*” Jordy cites Professor John J. Boll, a historian of nineteenth- century library buildings, as reporting that the Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve was one of the first libraries to have some semblance of the modern stack in its design, so it is apparent that McKim again used this building as a source for his design.” It also seems clear that the program for the building required this type of organization. According to Jordy, the Trustees specified that the building contain a centralized stack. The Newton Circuit describes this element of the building design as a primary goal of the program: BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 225 = — _ 9» ‘ 7 - ak wy ate ot rad bese ebidy Qi pesdel stdin auitunno bane remap ads ang nijiesl aya’ wyiedt cys pqutte fred act vet elie MOBS To pp a taci4 ot ho Vat be ae sew ti odd, i pal ys pulls —-ya7biloe redid & go cuatoy notiietg ait? Dial .o} fie ‘a } vibs tase! a ngend tos reril qa oily 10 " 3 vag iio a atv eo heriows ow ale ae atc atl] Hylerty famegret 2 » wads Wo Wes wa [roe Matyvol > POP bee obig Spiess ait Hides . ’ sean I aie ul vit bw 4 ,a aati eds ett bhp srw y ti Snlaoed Gare woes fl Deqolo ab Ean fy been PoP ay iy > i? surges Teal 9] ott ta init? otal | Ot al a0 cy i bind n rave Feria 1oetd Jae » ili sty Gd pe yl POP hin enst>0 ot of i a a Ok bod P perdd ~4ii pt Tt ef &45n06 DORICT) 940 Aomareraat gerne ob teieee comur B asin se jig? Poach Waal? oA, srl) th cate 30 Idepergecs aby, shape] ol why teary] staal ts ity Axim ay nt vised reiecwolt acre, caine MH) pide stoeer aie entioa't Beier Leas ulviod agaaganl eo: ntedaeie teed ole oe «tinqeionitt we paket tell Lindel eater in ond ghd pews oigied, sapaMOieiel St as a Hi Oe whee wi ti fount ersbom Sit Ww weno ete jesibhedanidess tester eset a 9 a dit antlrnaxary psieg ch papers? ea soerh ra ce - ® , 7 ' i oial eer ak. 7 ¢ . a ify A wh 3 ry Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Stacks The main idea [of the design] has been to produce a building in which the book stacks shall be removed from the main hall or delivery room, without hindrance to the promptness and efficiency of deliveries. This is a decided departure from the original notion of a central hall surrounded by stacks. This is the first time that the idea has ever been carried out, and if the arrangement embodied in the new building proves entirely satisfactory it will undoubtedly exert a great influence on Hoel: construction, as the progress of this work is watched with interest by architects the world 538 over. This design element was noted in the contemporary literature as an innovation and also somewhat of a loss in traditional library atmosphere to which the public was accustomed. In Century Magazine Lindsay Swift wrote that the books “no longer form an important adjunct to the architectural features, or continue to give an esthetic aid to the minds of readers long used to the silent dignity of their presence.” In fact, the situation was not as drastic as he makes it sound. Bates Hall did contain reference books in the shelves around the perimeter of the room, and the Special Libraries would also retain their collections within their designated reading rooms. The pneumatic tube system and book railway used to request and receive books was the innovative mechanism incorporated by McKim to facilitate smooth delivery of books. The use of this system involved sending paper requests through a pneumatic tube system to the designated stack where the book was located. The slip was received by an attendant who would find the book, send it on the book railway system to the centrally located book elevator, which would transport the book up or down to the Delivery Alcove behind the Delivery Room. Another attendant stationed in the delivery alcove would retrieve the book and deliver it to the patron. These mechanisms are discussed in more detail in “Delivery Room,” Section 7.3.2.3 of this report. The second innovation of the stacks was their construction. While they were not built as true stacks, a shelving system supported on a self-sustaining frame, the stack levels at the BPL were constructed each as an independent structural unit. Jordy explains that “McKim placed wooden cases on floors supported by steel beams and tile arches, and brought to a level surface by a thick layer of concrete.” This design feature became important as early as 1898 when the interior design of the library began to be altered to accommodate its changing needs. As the years went on and the needs of the library changed and grew, stack space was needed for offices and other library uses as well as for book storage. Because each floor was its own independent unit, walls could be moved around and book partitions could be moved as needed to create spaces of varying size not anticipated in the onginal design. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 226 , ? “se ee A Li wed @ » oe reals . - al wi ie’ edie dood ole vite nt idl coer wer lind aera vig Withee inbjwit haoebthe eye : eo Vey Pie it pai. ep leisige'ar ool ont pet roy dire oe Wy Ste spa ebres vet teal ttn A) ; ses \teedaobeney ive af wre No ae tay ot uty 19 ol epeeire dice Need 2 tee adi ip dave ) oe \ PO a Re: UII ail eee j é wo (ius scr} £4 Ay? + the’ F wiles 7 oie . \ = hd wis be . hoa! a in STO tape on” 2a hound “(17 ttl) SCC eee. ye ¢ tut Oy Saeies ae oe yor guns Ve, rt ai ews studs 288 rt jh tread wv « ‘owse pied pat wis yf? 2 ghOrul s70s2Stor vrigiood DIS link fea ih dak aA “opvel 1) ile etoer estrenit.d Ininaq’ sey heey avis Yc iStvart’ My a b Sore Anted) Ei ora ows ports vine rciclifon a cols a ‘i 7 : i eet BI Novy av Oey if iihibeas nee sary: ial Zt wvSek Onew ated ct wlio we reneemoget inact arien ait 03 ie) aI ee De al Boe! p5 : jo Peete Berle Tee | é pig, Sof ERT aaa oie: 36 bau ‘be jeriite at Or Gai yeniins dond seb oH sh al ehteoi! teadt | ay (a Ras eri al ower 1 ay 4668 a Lee Dyirw >" ved DAS POG Bp 443 5) Doin ita OE fie etiah gio, C+ Lahaina ate ecrdiqge sant oun f ory nh | ite reat aay Neg RES au Ps sxaree ht poe) pt aogeenig Wath 16 : ay ar te hy Law od sfofW. .sotonmacs teagan o¢h le nolevorll D ot Beier yutely —— U were Sy bao}, hau aww) nib eee AdKo boner 2 ie aan slit bak aneed oafard fh ROG hE : he yas yi gue i il nee) oeieahh vat ™ apors36 Why aby Hy ewbrite bye aa an ys ole ot oF siaggect corm ode erpiebotann w O04) ye viene ene ryeti! eat Jo thaonesrih Gnd Ao die on eet SEM wana if | thaws yur be Gas 292.0 1d bee _ ‘yh 30 big? lew iow nisbiempola reed ubriay Wo aoadh Se pidywetn «WE ?, ioe 74 VEY) rar cicrspacie tio A Ngee ‘ Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Stacks Library Alterations to 1909 Changes to the stack areas occurred almost immediately after the Library opening. By 1898, parts of Stacks 1, 2 and 5 were equipped for administrative uses, and in Stack 2 an office was created for the Branch Library Distribution department. For example, the Librarian’s office was moved from its original location behind the Delivery Room to Stack Level 5 even farther back (see Interior Plan Evolution, Bates Hall Floor). These changes inevitably meant the loss of book storage space for the creation of office space. The adaptation of the stacks for other uses also prompted the enlargement of some windows on the Blagden Street elevation to over double their original width.” Maintenance also became an issue in the stack area. In 1905 a vacuum cleaning system was installed in the stacks, and it was extended in 1907 for cleaning of the books and 2 shelves.” Library Alterations 1910 to 1972 Fireproofing was another concern in the late 1920s, which prompted the Examining Committee to recommend the substitution of steel shelving for wooden shelving throughout the library. The shelves were subsequently changed as per this suggestion. The most major changes occurred after 1942 when the completion of the New England Book Depository enabled the removal of over 100,000 seldom used books from the stacks in the library to this storage facility off site. This relocation of the books allowed for the stack areas to be reused for administrative functions, such as the Cataloguing, Receiving and Ordering Departments, previously housed in publicly accessible spaces within the building. For years, the Examining Committee had urged the Library to move these administrative functions out of their prominent, easily accessible locations off the Entrance Hall to make room for collections, such as the Children’s Department, that they believed should be more easily accessible to the public. In a series of changes orchestrated by Ames, Child & Graves Architects from the mid- 1940s to mid-1960s, many alterations were made to the stack areas, further lessening the space for book storage. These additions included areas for (1) Personnel Administration: Personnel Office, In-Service Training Course classrooms, a Staff Library, Staff Hospital, Coffee Shop, and locker and toilet rooms for staff; (2) Book Selection, Cataloguing, and Classification Departments for Home Reading & Reference and Research Services (original Catalogue and Receiving & Ordering Departments), Book purchasing and preparation, and Book stock for Branch Libraries; (3) Administrative offices; (4) Chief Librarians of Division of Reference & Research Services and Division of Home Reading & BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 227 va (ee ' ws p 4 pane ieedtd ul) cute tbo * te tee “CS ae. 2 Ome Oh pucamhe not be at Slanwere 10 Jasmpiegas nanan $5207 ro Peril avr tell ot buted gelnesol Mgtic execs conn T Crack Me sete ean, ‘ AV j2ec 2 fiote abner all 107 songs iw omiok bo yasanagualae sr Detgenrre ne dobar tn lgend aise stil age hy wit nei) (THF 4 A ike el ya acme oa a ; ie good sd Tn gaasests a!) THO! of Gobaninas ad ‘ r erin ole foray rite ere! al oh voles nsboos a) Ban ne ls Ww firedirt wr ogee «it tg an “ere roi ease aeg ie ep & > nrslen'd weit sri rauekqued, ds merle’ ShOi ssfie a cant is ae son § ‘yas Off! rK3] «lao Thar tachie?'O10,.00] ers te Tae er botenn oie) eqs hoe ai awodle Choad gilt Io Gutustisp2idy “ae iog its m A puwhs od enteigalara.) srt} a8 api soto) sede ate ITM S oiiives eon yiindog i boevegsast ’ ae 5 pees tre ie oe Pal Tact Dreeetee fre, i onariouinweg orl Lie: nblineil obitessaos vanes Joon nang pre f) Street erviblit oil 44 aoe ened ‘saletingy ody e's ten se ott arith, seni 4 Mina a : sHiA3ren Whi Arow Wa of G1 shan . nodendaini A toatuest (1) pel hate Senden eigen Te edt Tet « aarsqnyterat), atthe hing pelirgoleney moles? dnodl 08): Base aah i! i siti KonhnenT bie pened B gillian ; tpl pos anPosny dooth »Steoertegy ga eb tniut!d 7) ne eee se: Af . 2 ——— soll io : ee ile es Boston Public Library McKim Building 7.0 Architectural History of the Building: 1895-1972 Historic Structure Report Stacks Community Services; and (5) Business Offices.”* These changes are detailed on a series of Ames, Child & Graves drawings from 1946 to 1965." Currently the stacks are still used for a variety of uses, including book storage of the library's Research Collection. The Johnson Building now houses open stacks for the Library’s circulating collection, but in the McKim building, books are still requested by the patrons on small slips of paper and retrieved by attendants. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 228 P IG y ve s Poo quillgniget vent paste we rT a pratt eet gelldiod Oe ate ee ee nlbiond miloM vat wimapises 42 base bea 8.0 1990s Project: McKim 8.1 Introduction 8.1.1 Background 8.1.2 Restoration Planning 8.1.3. Construction Phases 8.2 Exterior 8.2.1 Dartmouth Street Facade 8.2.2 Blagden Street Facade 8.2.3 Boylston Street Facade 8.2.4 Interior Court 8.3 Interior 8.3.1 Basement Floor 8.3.2. Ground Floor 8.3.3 Stack One 8.3.4 Bates Hall Floor 8.3.5 Special Library Floor Building - sts a tay Vee on UNE a LN . - : > a a x ane i vee ie ras ie roe pH POU TL: Oey ca, SO ie feo! ee bia a Galway Scr oe " ea Cn en ‘ : as oad ana anal ae Ricta.ran Sura ‘ a 4 ‘ie Ou Py oer eee aoe) . if Fw a ; ne te ' f Ly, Dit oy yh wy : ce A ’ aa} aN tka 4 ‘ti ae ae ie bs P yet : ; 4 Mass oe: é a J Bey 2 i= r § : us , ’ i ee | 7 4 i CAN : yo a ae Pie sl ve ee A A Nee - y 2 ¥ 5 Pn es Pi Pika Rts. : : é < é Bids ch as Le ; Ve PF is «ite n” 4 > - : oo roe \y Re a Ys Gide He oat aval hea oe ai porate: ae is we & er 7 7 Ly, be oe) Su Pema Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8.1.1 Background During the eighty years that the McKim Building functioned as the main public library of the city of Boston, it had been modified to try to accommodate the library’s expanding departmental and programmatic space requirements and provide the stack space required to house the ever expanding collection. These alterations had changed the appearance and function of many of McKim’s interior spaces. With the opening of the Johnson Building in 1972, the overcrowding in the McKim Building was greatly relieved.” The general (lending) library was moved to the Johnson Building and new stack space enabled fragmented and crowded research collections to be assembled in more accessible spaces in the McKim Building.*” In the short term, the freeing of space in the McKim Building also enabled the Library to undertake general maintenance renovations while they began long-term planning for the restoration of the McKim Building. is Between 1973 and 1975, the McKim building underwent improvements including new lighting and repainting. The Rare Books and Manuscripts Department was equipped with an independent air conditioning unit and the area formerly used as the staff lounge, located between the courtyard and the Johnson Building, was painted and prepared to be opened as the new publication and sales area. The Public Facilities Department oversaw the cleaning and repainting of the exterior iron and metal work, the painting of various interior rooms, repairing furniture, and re-plastering of many large areas of deteriorated plaster in the stacks and corridors of the McKim Building.™” Beginning in 1979, with much of the reorganization of the Research Library Department completed, the emphasis shifted to achieving energy efficiency in heat and electricity usage. Plans were begun to upgrade the heating system, but no changes made. The fiscal year 1979-1980 represented a year of continued stringent efforts in energy conservation with substantial reductions in energy usage in the Central Library.”* The Stull Report also states that the exterior of the building underwent extensive restoration from 1978 to 1980, though it gives no details about this work.” In 1981, the Subcommittee on Buildings began to focus on the condition and maintenance of the McKim and Johnson Buildings. It was agreed that, although the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 229 A 7 ra) se 4 ~~? aee : : : y Ae . 30 fr in tek os és i aS 6 7 Wa : nar ‘fi “A >A ' ‘ “ no Peak! ie a Co : P iv Ae oo. os _ inaulwe Wi be eat wb, Oe ‘ ‘) i - ake Perel cl | oy a) Ny 1 rah) a ve aha? it diel a ‘ aa - i? Av % abl ae +f . 4 es $. A y : oo) 2 ac ‘ | ptr ss - = ds Week sists 4 - " : wo YS it ‘ ‘ ‘ om Srey x st -_y ‘be ve a ph. 0 ne a: rid | 4 Les 8 at sagt) Ave ABs i = ies! vai Sag &: “ae A ; - i ‘ +t | ~ee ’ | , 4d . Hid vw >'« : ei wie 7 Tine “Pa : Lee Oe kod | Lae oe ffi ie 6 7 a | y id ij sad ae bb ae 5 ee a PR Ah ac Santee: , a x! 7 - : ee Pi 1 , | ka Sante i et eae aia vise ce any 4 Popsicle 5 Beni ke Fe sai ees Vaty 4) < i. 4 “¢ af ox y bts ae 7 ’ vs Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction McKim building was a fine facility, it would eventually need to be altered to serve the City and region’s needs.” In 1981, a team of consultants, directed by Stull Associates, Inc. was commissioned to research and document the original building configuration, the changes over the years, the present conditions, and to create a restoration program. This project was funded with the assistance of a matching grant from the National Park Service, through the Massachusetts Historical Commission. The restoration survey concentrated on all rooms judged to be of some historical interest including all public spaces, the Trustees’ Rooms and a number of the staff offices of architectural merit. The final report from these efforts included an inventory and recommended restoration program or plan for the public spaces, the artwork, space use, mechanical, electrical and structural systems, as well as cost estimates and construction sequencing. The Subcommittee on Buildings, upon reviewing the completed Stull Report, felt that there might not be the needed funds to fulfill all the requested or recommended renovations. The Committee, therefore, set forth an order of priorities. First and foremost was the replacement of the mechanical and HVAC systems that were determined to be out of date and a hazard. Secondly, the building would need to be renovated to comply with current safety requirement codes. Thirdly, the exterior of the building would need to be made weather-proof and tight. Lastly, an improved natural connection and accessibility between the McKim and Johnson buildings left much to be desired and would require further study and implementation to increase the visibility and the interest in the McKim building and its collections. It was suggested that since city funds might not be adequate to cover the entire cost of the renovation program, perhaps the outstanding art and architectural elements requiring work would be attractive and appropriate for private funding. Discussions of the Trustees also touched on the need to consult expert professional conservators with regard to any work undertaken on the murals or other ornamentation.” The Report of the Examining Committee for the Fiscal Year 1983-84 concurred that all the departments in the McKim building were dealing with antiquated HVAC systems and that the building posed “a major threat to its collections.” It was noted that water was dripping onto bookshelves as well as inside walls and windows. Inadequate lighting was noted as being a constant problem throughout the building, particularly in the third floor Sargent Gallery (703), Print Department (801-804), and Humanities Reference Department (705). Restrooms were targeted as needing substantial work since they were in deplorable condition. The Committee stated that although $12,500,000 had been made available by a loan from the City, it was felt that this amount would be insufficient to cover the expenses outlined in Stull’s extensive report written three years earlier. It was urged that every effort be made by the appropriate library and City officials to get the restoration program immediately underway since with each day that passed without BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 230 a “Co Aalst an 7 iv e: ai a hp \ i 9s 7}! - wis serra a aps age aap se =e a : jn 4 ' | et) pal wees oo beeetiA as o) brat vllirine bs apie se eee) Nie ed Sas oan: eyed aj poe finioe peishigd Tan atin od! oe Hog ad] meérgony ADelert eS WARE Ot lune : | Ryureee See! Sere aVh aiks ing verry gate ern a wate: erin ablaindaa SAF 200i eaes on tal xf) zon ites gticiag Te grits teresting 1 aioe: my 3 har) depp erty sine 4 Vea ‘fase eee et, fa Daryn Hiriseplend hah v7amanrgos) wre me Beira ity ett a, wird bed Eeerdaels Jeoinadstan nn ee wil fe: 5 idl “ye tr pir lity ene pie eobaoni: » sore ie A Dire : “i . let nog lint daiele- Sit) Almas ident pith io Ss uicre 6 a\ oahrottinoas' | useoen . wt; Ce Baie apa i Sup pill s Von relgite 410. Uberichag te8sloe ne (robe sro eaRa Sey: wicgreish sTaw docks nersite OAV Dew (collared eee ae aly t wa Ty pee! ‘) i ory el Low Frasad « ane “Gch loaieae oI nabltod 408 to 1qtiaee ee baat v0 Ta amaaaa ove laine pee WoaO? Leche Deon a eee er Dia catia shen =) of Doe ba ben eu a sth cg noe i tren wellnes iar Gt mmipeersernbopenll ive ¥ ai ates 1 tapi _ in amdantes = ve etrud raat ae ait sed iW boy ok pout I 1 wick bret 3h ond ‘asohe ~ it rehoiey chen wih ach verte Gs art) u ' ‘ rot? rahe 47 bee © 3! ihe nett mi bot be rtp wet *, ericy on spd “ool Oto as PODS Sed 3 yet? ot ane tO) SHI OTggR foriaé evil Acie uf pe) SOW Oi riwe Aagaws!s Leriiy =9: ae Linanes od bebti ge! Bh aja some tT re Baemeders etd ilio te cesar Sd) erocrlan yin a0 pf, bagugit stir crear ine 120s oa olin a ; i Bais . mam s . a lias .ordt Soruag ie I CAeL cant beset ontt ton oe ebbens: Gonysady ben eco abawe Chee pointe oreiowes T° Pree Ol yale sninanaient se Ts! i+. 9 it , 4ST: STi t oan # | ee alvertas vbr Meantime a) J rot es S donde bad sermon avardkt oF Acer “ale pci (TRE) TOD EN Maes (Ay Sgn hea part! oie erlang Srey Gane 990) UIE) Oe @), Jeamimeinl Pa “bs bd * 23 040 fr Vii) a | ; TRILL Weare PU Pa d inn tat oF Aw Ay itr @* becachicus cre) nas Ae ee) OP ea 09 eathianliee yd deine oheheoe” ae’ teen sth ptt al enhaeglive vara sedis Ooty Sr tokens wtadriowed cage wow a iat ‘7 « rt = . a - Tost edi prince isha of 0) GOeraDi eee oe eons oa ielehl cited noned sds robe Diniiisk: eiyoeiy iii or adel oo Op H}po 3 Benepe aecex wpe idieha Yo 4 eae) me cus auagyt a> bees aA tora feet tive ee tea jolbwrgony yrivrolic’ BAT tne ‘ho iofel & 2htoaingt ont tad Isparta iontt oy Doekd sl OS & or bawilane gee pomp if vit Boo He iene | Dy eelwoed art) ser ghee dirt? Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Zone 1: Areas to be Restored Most Architecturally Significant Features and Spaces Areas designated as Zone | are the most architecturally significant spaces and features of the Boston Public Library building. They contain the best preserved building fabric, are most representative of McKim’s design for the building, and are most frequently viewed by the public. All work carried out in these spaces should preserve or restore their historic appearance. Prior to initiating restoration work, thorough historical research and materials analysis should be undertaken to guide restoration decisions. Alteration, removal, or replacement of significant architectural features should not be permitted. New mechanical systems should be integrated so that they do not detract from the appearance of the original building fabric. Zone 1 includes: e Exterior walls and roof e Interior court e Entry Hall (210) e Grand Staircase Hall (207) e Second Floor Corridor with Puvis de Chavannes Paintings (403) e Bates Hall (405) e Delivery Room/Abbey Room (401) e Elliot Room (407) e Trustees’ Room (610) e Sargent Gallery (703) Qa Zone 2: Areas to be Preserved Secondary Contributors to the Architectural Significance of the Building Areas designated as Zone 2 are also significant architectural spaces; however, these spaces are smaller in size and simpler in detail and finish. As in Zone 1, these spaces should be restored and preserved. Where new elements are required, or the restoration of original materials is not possible, new materials and elements should match the original in scale and appearance. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 232 aie ania phate fogiige We inynoiais thon arte | a9 ast: ae nia oc yl t spavitatienal eee Bid gabehas Te eee a rege) & miaolté WY sein wesigat Mont OTs 2 bs a nae wee djdug only Od nn ae a 7 ( - v piety nose hi SPR Ie) Divo ewan sadam ine Sivrw: shew dev guia is er, achat bal O0, Sieosta aeeae elaine wr i s hy peantey ag (ud icone Oru, Mali Tee) ee beoitire MY ecLion Btepitkie orrepegepa See date A ieush ton ob voll ym att. 33 . ne oh T wee wae Sb) eyaipotet annaterc (2 OF 4 q quchiied ach ta-satrngiianght deusoo tint nA Bit Ob ie oh AYE sniold dcatesthiern bd cele ried 4 teint bitin Wikio te al lg bide id el diaedaal . it Sealy) ..derIsau 2 ce beyotes) fo tla 4 rota) clemerpall (anvigio 1 Holmravent verte i acliprr wal nar rene Teh Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Zone 3: Zone 4: Zone 2 includes: e Newspaper Room (218) e Government Documents (214-216) e Microtext (202) e Catalogue Room (406) e Science Reference (410) e Cheverus Room (704) e Cushman Theater (705) e Wiggin Gallery (702) Areas to be Rehabilitated Minor Contributors to the Architectural Significance of the Building Areas designated as Zone 3 are less significant architectural spaces. They contain fewer architectural details and are not the building’s principal public spaces. In rehabilitating these spaces, significant McKim details should be preserved and new finishes and uses integrated that do not compromise their original design. Zone 3 includes: e Trustees’ Conference Room (611) e Special Libraries (706-718) e Print Department (801-804) Areas Available for Redesign Areas designated as Zone 4 contain few, if any, significant architectural elements, either because they were originally unfinished spaces or because they have been so altered that their architectural significance has been destroyed. New materials need not match any existing materials found in these spaces, however, they must be compatible with the historic building materials found in the other more architecturally significant spaces. Zone 4 includes: e Basement < e Stacks e Administrative Offices Service Areas BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 233 Al att ty gone iter’? lewlootidol off " Us 7 on ‘ _ y - = oo rn ’ ! y soe lousdathto ia leo lage Fo Aik So re vy a gettin) al) taut te Oe coh ogres 4 ilies if Fy age Pf oiiye 4495) Be s Nidiehiaetierseh ) HSINTMSE 24H DNs aeinid sa bee sterieen. da stiri gue NUS Vi. our Go » : or at so ope Tiguan dian sileniphte se 6) Oe ran) aan soeeoaingn leisositais (Patt teeth. OF mat ¢ brevet ansaid genaces ee sews ort Tepere , chi bold oeelilnty atime “eleg Oo 14 Val or sqnae (imate be aden Oth 3 Bi Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction 8.1.3 Construction Phases As originally conceived, the restoration of the McKim Building was to be divided into three phases. Phase I, which began in 1991, was to upgrade the mechanical systems, modernize the elevator systems, remodel the basement for public use, and restore the Grand Staircase Hall and Entry Hall.” It also included asbestos abatement, which was performed by Hygeia, Inc.” This phase of work, which concentrated on the building’s systems, was intended to lay the ground work for the future restoration of the building and provide a glimpse of the dramatic visual impact of restoring the historic McKim spaces—Grand Staircase Hall and Entry Hall. Phase I work also included the creation of a “Tea Room” and “Bookstore” on the Boylston Street side of the ground floor. Although constructed during Phase I, the “Tea Room” and “Bookstore” rooms continue to be used for library space, while other spaces are renovated. The major spatial use changes implemented during Phase I was the remodeling of the basement for public use. Access to the basement is provided by a new stair located under the Grand Stair. (This space formerly housed the McKim Building’s Mechanical Room and could be entered from a door in the interior court. With the renovation, this door became a window that looks out into the interior court.) The basement spaces were remodeled with a center hall, with public lavatories and library research collections—Government Documents and Science Reference Departments—symmetrically placed on its north and south sides. Phase II work began in October of 1996 and was scheduled to be complete by the spring of 1998. Its original scope included the following: restoration of the public rooms on the Bates Hall floor (except the Abbey Room), the renovation of the stacks and office spaces, and the remodeling of the northwest rooms on the ground and Bates Hall levels to create new passages between the McKim and Johnson Buildings. The repair of the arcade and main roofs and the wood window sash were also originally included as Phase II work, though the main roof and most of the window repair were eliminated due to cost over- runs. The work in the original Phase II contract is nearing completion as this Historic Structure Report is being completed (summer of 1998). Bates Hall was completed on a fast-track and reopened in September of 1997. Rather than moving onto Phase III of the project, additional phases of Phase II have been created. Phase IIA, which is currently in progress, includes the repair of additional windows. Phase IIB will include the restoration of the courtyard and the repair of the main roof. This work is currently scheduled for the summer of 1999. Phase IIC will include the remaining interior and exterior restoration work (including the Ground floor-south, Abbey Room, and Special Library Floor). A request for proposals for the architectural services to perform this work is presently being reviewed. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 234 dant telco) 33 ct ew gaikiivll mea wid be ae Jones << limnzr sem 28S SLT OF eat tie Lf 45 y? O28. en sil Mag pra) | Lavodsseaed oft $i bow 1--‘isteels eahesdin bobulyad Sader fhlivel ol oo beteepancs fdithe pier tev salle goo peices ory oat OL wee @S Listionbad ap wi lohi iwi pelt sreoged bo penis) inet ae > neatly BOE & 7 ‘Doh ale iow | saneltt Jigs {vot ig RN beer a si +orsi) tain 3 oat) Jo hi Rtanie m3 had eal ft OF otektiedool Here Me a a2 | oi! heaton ou ei by16 imate rT oe ae gia at? leah dx: yaseuerye sheet elses ality ir \ meee Bb lshonmer att ww bsomdld gan bon “shag gett dead ius heya yl este eng a wt oohaeroty, 1 Inoneoeed oth oe ay Al ay OR groalt pies tee Bendy urs cnijod ving ire nee oo seat wh UN oo obi ee bores ale Kies srreywead yet | Th Pri oe 1 odd we aligel seit) voboivelnaa ost view? Dis ee 7Ol4ek) See Hie 2H yaar. sale sla SET 1 Yo riot live 2 ea reset nese =i fi ive itr te (ica et ag a anit ‘ if ’ , : ‘we = nent co E ofersis wht ic heed tall itm’. T Moat aig yo bee A ie es whe rap sla baliboed= ecw bee 408 i ponden gellar ih ORR Sc PORE of} oo de kor stoic off 16 Ola 14951 od we, ov.) gets be ee ees Bae OOTY OFF fp Ao Sie Shire wh dorieeeetl dbl noone] Bee vii? va bohefonl tiga cole iaw + al so besenéodis vis we TG wobmd abt |, ri afi corstomea Wire y “35951708 bk % agen » ae ligklh poral) \ (RRS Io won] OT fie Sram! Ui ean ew lantdtibks Hamers 4 enolehhete scyye sett eeeubent nba eas ud TD) iad Crshy oilt Sith Pierre ise 0 pal S30) song) 2825 Yo’ tadnttin wit ith hanot) 401 aribetoniy ow acilagonatn vile Vl alaaogncry exit hig deve ASK thee ‘& rar —— : toe Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Basement N- 4 OtG OEE CkemmrsHeee nies! jewis ied ttt Zone 1 Pee | Zone 2 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Ground Floor N- STO E |b picou|* YQ me) | | | : | ge AE RO ota nee ee i = io H i f : ! | rm Rae Or ee eat te a rece oR oe ( > © QO ° Oo ° ro) BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Brn at are eg * % ** a dee a See le : : ¢ % - ” ( Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Entresol A N- N2 Zone 3 pee Zone 4 (zoe Zone 1 Zone 2 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott ay Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Bates Hall Floor N- Zone 1 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Entresol B N—- bod ee oS 604 a RonF Wr Hoe Si Zone 1 ae Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 ease BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott ar 7" a Birla tome PWD? thie ay , “3 a l Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Special Library Floor N— — Pe mee ede —~ etd =" aeketeds —=—— +B + --- Bae Zone 3 Zone 1 ee Zone 2 BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC _ Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott PR man em par Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Introduction Special Library Mezzanine N- Re oe veh 2 A Paap mr tan le tn eat je mire ih Zone 1 ee Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 a BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC — Drawing provided by Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Exterior 8.2. EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING The majority of the work involved in the various periods of restoration have focused on the interior spaces and their finishes. However, as interior conditions have been assessed, those affected by the deterioration of the exterior material have required the coordination with restoration and repair of necessary exterior elements, such as the roof, windows and masonry. In most situations, the work executed on the exterior facades and roof has been simple maintenance and repair or in kind replacement. 8.2.1 Dartmouth Facade In 1995, the platform along the Dartmouth Street facade was substantially repaired with the installation of a new waterproofing system. During Phase II, in coordination with the restoration of Bates Hall, the existing copper rosettes at the intersections of muntins on the large arched windows were removed, restored, reinstalled and repainted, and the existing wood windows were modified, restored and re-glazed with insulated glass. 8.2.2 Blagden Facade During the restoration work of Phase II, the existing marble panels in the large arched window openings were all replaced with new marble infill panels. In addition, the existing copper grilles were removed, restored and reinstalled at all locations. These grilles were also repainted to match the restored windows. The rosettes at all windows were restored as they were on the main Dartmouth facade. Some existing windows were also restored. 8.2.3 Boylston Facade Phase II work on this facade called for the initial investigations of the arched windows. The existing marble and grout layer were removed to expose the masonry substrate, fastening, edge, sill, window and other areas that could have conditions that affect the installation of new elements. New marble infill panels that were installed matched the existing at all marble panel locations. In addition, the existing copper grilles were removed, restored, repainted and reinstalled to match all the windows. Some existing windows were also restored. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 235 : : ee heel rad oat evoiens i short iid i bike acl “ree eat “ules clon ene mn ml” anaes 4 lexyy call » ae 4 » /¢ my P| ‘ty Mf alt tp PRS dheoayy ima 0) ides penser ‘Rien cb ti Nipta sep row gab of ol eli oswy Moers ones, sdb Subboe ci aoaieny (Pig) Se*oea Wot paves noiiatxol tte da Seelhaiiwiga bree baroersy . ba il) ig ibe wast bins rar a sii Weasels aw yxati viys ice (ut ! ; . i rr : a4 Vi iey KWH thy qe writabeo wat) ce nk yahit30 eae y ce ; cooly 24 thierwhonmats ak es a * ti lidag Ve a fi) jeer man rion is Wore yvewenpes B92 i 1e.00P eh i sa Hie: ag 4 iva o Henly ésidtl We Nokes elt | ppede yi ov) (Pa FT4, Be yal Sep iets nian 33 geile o eth gruel Bre Pin of He 7 7) ae - ” n i ee 17 f t a : a4 aT): Pie a wl «vbw be one nina nities snes” aheos seuaiends Ais (f ey Liem oD sited td bevoairt rine oy hs ae Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Exterior 8.2.4 Interior Court In addition to the major reorganization and relocation of the Research Library Department shortly after the opening of the Johnson Building, attention was turned towards the replanting plans for the central courtyard. Members of the Garden Club of the Back Bay began working on the first phase of restoring the courtyard to its original format—a formal, Renaissance cloister garden. Plans included introducing bright splashes of color through begonias and geraniums to evoke a cheerfulness characteristic of the Italian formal garden.”” While the plans for the Phase II work make note of work on the roof, cheneau, iron grilles, gutters, and flashing, this work is labeled as N.I.C. (not in contract). Phase II work, which was executed at the time of writing this report, included only work at the arcade and balustrade—the installation of new lead-coated copper flashing, the raking and repointing of all defective joints, the rebuilding and cleaning of the marble balustrade along the promenade, and the installation of new Pennsylvania slate pavers on pedestals on the balustrade level. The arcade roof received a new waterproofing system consisting of a new PVC membrane system with insulation and new through-wall flashing. New granite steps and thresholds were installed and entryways and a new painted steel guard rail similar to the window grilles at the courtyard level were installed just inside the balustrade. Windows at the balustrade level were modified (sills raised to higher elevation) and restored. Other windows in the project work area were also modified, reglazed with insulated glass, stripped and repainted. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 236 “aha! hres ods Lr palitedia 5 an "ah bicrind aes py Ase pribtiod ientehvd lo (GND notin) opin iratiait Breet fa . M ct igas en ru iy) eoree “ght eiukaanccrale ond yeuuboil hehuiied eet abr: ibiscoty 36)? tanilysals & adorns 1 eae oe ha “Hg ft ,WONTHID GGT SHE Me ¥ tc av xy SO slant oct!" . Me nb) 9), sao ‘cote at a, ‘fn Joe whens Babipiad tio G3 £16) SA: chew 1g 00) tayo) r) vibe7 6 galdlallaadqes bacd+beo! weate salle i rand eles ve cidtam gas to grinnsis ban anibiudens onde af | WAY SN sitmbe dary woe bs oun tae sels reine ofthe Me MY Wad F hauleigs Soo? Sderte off ohiiteoh Lowden 90 bas woltcingtl inl friageyE: loots bi nilay wer ebre yjdwrarmy. bas blend eee 1 ohieal s0if Deallapeeet ovzoe teat triieeverds sta 18 a9! ; 7 pit cu Oeste ela: Seti veiwigwel ibe PDO Cele ae toa sole so soe te? ti SOheree Apple 7 4 ‘. Me + Reaviete yon Gone beget nll Bestia uh i, 7 : as , - ae < | aan 7 Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Basement Floor 8.3 INTERIOR OF THE BUILDING 8.3.1 Basement Floor Only a few descriptions of the basement level spaces and the main basement stair have been found in the historic drawings or photos. What does exist, indicates that this space was used historically to house the majority of the mechanical systems, in addition to stacks. The'1950’s Open Shelf Department in the southeast corner of the Ground Floor extended to the basement where a poetry corner, a smoking area and soundproof listening booths were housed. This basement level public room was reached via a new stair that was added on the north wall of room 202 (original Catalogue Room) during these 1950s changes. In the 1960s, Ames & Graves recognized that this level could be successfully used to house additional services. The men’s and women’s lavatories were relocated in the area that is currently the stair hall lobby (B12). Book sorting was also moved to the basement level, where the main basement stairs are currently positioned. Before this new stairway was created, the basement was accessed through the elevator and a series of small staircases. The Phase I work converted much of this usable basement space into public reading and reference rooms and discretely introduced new mechanical and sprinkler systems. Government Documents Work Room (B01) According to the Phase I plans, the alterations to the area presently referred to as the Government Documents Work Room included: replacement of the existing plaster walls with new gypsum wall board on 7/8 inch furring channeling and; new carpeting replacing the rubber tile on a new concrete slab floor. The existing acoustical tile ceiling was retained. Corridor (B01a) In this area during Phase I, new white and black rubber tile was installed as replacement for the existing concrete and brick flooring. New acoustical tiles were suspended from the concrete and Guastavino tile ceiling. New gypsum wall board and flush metal fire doors were also installed. Government Documents Office (B01b) During Phase I, this space received new carpeting that replaced the pre-existing rubber tile flooring. Gypsum wall board also replaced the original plaster walls. Blagden Tunnel (B02) The rubber tile flooring was removed and replaced with concrete in this area during the Phase I work. In addition the plaster wall and ceiling surfaces were removed to expose the existing granite, brick and Guastavino tile structural materials. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 237 . mad bre mde heel Tan phar; beh wianehaed ? aalodg 90 ghia qraatesiuier aid eo (Givapee ae ¢ Sop peceyeyy Theres etl sora eays Lagat? 4 ris it An eck gold fe TrICtwR yaseg 49) # faranr mil oth vee fi ie wor staid lors snsseg ee SAT SneBON i "s¥ londs 4 mipaqdadet) tenigha! BOS ac In helveshieargell an habit 000 a i vet beasigp ao) eve a ese, aR gait i! near ww LAG sve Pia b CORY Jos, Loree thin Sta ob nt yea Ps) vridel (sc waere ods piiRIO RI RaM pee oi at b . orien rimeied oleh will Se eT ane eli gtd BV see Ino enl om Sansa tuber (eben ton “ery pus bight) Tei rat oF ‘sna nent aT Pee “om i went Lew Osh noms bee een Soca Be ye Sei gel | uy Pd ey ret ote aie ts ia il | rime ob hore ; | baton scent a? etravcee't haa el z = peg ould a bevy ot enh ve ion ee yoda | Sahutoa| roan shee. ‘Vick rvadt shoal Bh: Ao lysates ants sma yh rik aly (ook dels’ ica Wan £00 sities > itp mat vie odlerent ee old iadciure tyeid bre salt J neat "L neta a fir ; ice sow eofO lesbos War ait: woth Shree \ es 1 ae n mah hi (yieces ‘ote Jil ¢ Wa wrk “bailing ; ipioeatesiness? borgn | a ; rate ee . 7 ’ ) rr Lin aalixeenn ollt begaiga teal ae ey © ee vaical Lenigite AY ty mis . : \ - is AY - “uh. geri Db £Syd BT ob urye aie sa oer? at De Onn y Re Be gtales aes \ Lcd 4« vs ae ° acne Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Basement Floor Government Documents (B05) Phase I work for the Government Documents Room included laying new tweed carpet with a solid border (to replace the existing rubber tile) on the new concrete slab floor that has new HVAC ductwork beneath it; installation of new oak casework with adjustable shelving; installation of new quarter-sawn oak plywood paneling on walls and columns with oak cap and base; installation of new oak service and information counters; and installation of new electrical wiring with a system panel and several floor boxes with brass plates. Above the oak casework, a low spring vaulted ceiling was finished with textured plaster and painted metal vents. There were also eight new half-round globe ceiling-hung light fixtures installed at each bay and a new built-in electrical clock on the east wall. Also included in the work was the positioning of seven free-standing steel shelves, the installation of sprinklers, and recessed lighting over the service desk and entryway on the north wall. Elevator Lobby (B06) During the Phase I work, this area received new marble floor pavers and thresholds, a new l-inch projecting limestone base, cap, and walls, new plaster ceiling, new ceiling-mounted and wall-mounted light fixtures, a new green marble and bronze drinking fountain, and new oak phone enclosures. In addition, a new decorative bronze elevator and janitor’s closet doorway were installed. Stair Hall and Lobby (B12, B08, B11, B18, B19) The central lobby and corndors on this level were also substantially altered in Phase I since they were now to be open to the public. In those areas that remained closed from the public, such as corridor B18, new acoustical tile ceilings were suspended from the existing Guastavino vault. New 5/8 inch gypsum wall board with plaster veneer was installed on the walls and rubber tile was installed on the floors. In B12, the basement stair vestibule or lobby, new marble floor pavers were laid with 12 types of marble. A newbronze stair rail; limestone bases, walls, and cap; and six new ceiling hung lighting fixtures were installed. Glass exhibit cases with flush bronze framing were installed in the niches or recesses on the north and south walls with bronze woven wire mesh to fill the arches. The stair itself was given an entirely new structure and was renovated with new marble treads, risers, stringer base and landing, and plaster pilasters. In addition to the six hanging light fixtures in the side bays, four new torchieres were placed adjacent to the large piers in the central bay and two wall-mounted fixtures were installed on either side of the door to Science Reference and Government Documents. Science Reference Room (B15) The Phase I work done in this space correlated to that done in the Government Documents Room. A new carpet with border (replacing the existing terrazzo) was installed on a new concrete slab floor that had new HVAC ductwork beneath it. This BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 238 Mpg Rewaed vedere both manda yo) ch sigitrns wad off On joletsacile a + esa obs stiles dr iversand Dees veel qoivallcemn’ JT maktion his lew wo gaisiteg Draweyley dee ae brije ious pottimerediad Let aise Be6 ' rad the cmod vooll Loves Lane ened ase 6 Tee sutore! chow beclhell aa ysttline Boilie Qi re 4 diss adols batgead yse.nige lee ch Stex jroo od poder bobioun araind Woe: vis Ae fonce srpihinsyer? tree 1g at * ne worries bok Jesh scherea ele vay qua Beaeee A i Vist wen wh it re -_ yal a1 ie emered wall sired vot Bereieaet Y ’ “f tv Ly pe gniliss re ee d's Muss A wasnt)! goin iy! branches Await oy Toe be De aoee ik = ey ati ak) bre sees Serre WPT On c ccd an 1 Peo eolons on Laer Sealtiaen) seven rob. trae A = a ~-} A, *) bho § it 21 7g j veiled haat ‘ snbsaeale (ightidia ue ole sree lore! viele sey seit detent B acehs bo > tunpiigiites Ary een neo) cl ribivaeg win on ot! ii wT migie nh jks Vio) eae e ey yet lhes.< lle [SO NRMODK SFRH, | : hid eabedic laid? Friaact low carey tine Ba shag olvaanly + pn cewwd SH SUB nl craalt srs io Drflauat cow abit Pedic inet ite valt oo ihc 10 ger f] rr eich vio Saves 4108 ycletQr) qian “eos eae vid ih, Oe Lite alan od, ; “i site ihr Saou ge eye “MP SxnoK dat ora sorey: ; Wi ae de dew omcaw geod “ups tlewaliet coo die Lanarests oft Dis Sera wae Mere: 4; mM Hae ta aeete plics ta) halg ire jpoihaieh Ores shy (a $115 onl Penoeie St wt aspidionny Vey woh baa Gaetihy pote lianas ow eve bar aseasteusrend 380 i | ey ee : WOM EIA avs ie ernie igo giles) | eaot oF duli rn etirnus Wares | net oat ectinuh Mt | goa Waiap niuese "TA stew UM 6am - tie LF fisw -JiD io land sit obin LCA ete erty b ‘sihatals ree sei aes reacneal ) WOTAIOO Won 0 Ae-anipol whiten yPoty Do aaa emt eb rave L cls pats rid ith women fone) tte shitiais pouheD ae ha car gurney Die shite eesi nee welt dle aftarn wants Oa Ina miqiin: 338 soa wurond to. at bial wr ¥ yitia alle t hati nee A erie? 3Ai) ee 4 > (LIg Rk, ieplew” eagare'N teu as i FIZ box 8 lene e sievcien ia aeoit pi hit PY 4+; wf s2adT oy ; hi dere! bacien ef epooies) dong ater i negieeed ¢ ib Yeh RAE vO is OF 16OOKkS bri ~ bet weet allew ctor oot woolen m «6 ose feds age rm) air in Tap 4 mu ws Westy aati Wwe (AOS : ert sz iui taal eHivge of deseiivel slit ines) bsonedme seit Gane sua ley dllawe rts piiicimes'4 Janey Of Tiodtlib>s- iy fyaee 200) ate ra weg! = mrulten (n6om mooh hruw hitler bos eno tag ok ‘ae USE | AP g nal ¢ a ) 1 me © » i] 9 an U ™. 5 ; ris eo rf a Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor 8.3.2 Ground Floor Original Catalogue Room / New Microtext Storage (202) The SBRA 1990 plans for Phase I indicate the removal of the stair between the basement level and ground floor and the removal of the dumbwaiter, shaft, and all related equipment from the basement level up to and including the mezzanine of the ground floor. The floor and ceiling were enclosed and patched to match the existing surrounding finishes and new floor penetrations were made for HVAC ductwork and future floor grilles. Basement Stairs and Corridors (206, 208, 207) Given the symmetry seen throughout the McKim building, it is no surprise that there are matching corridors leading to a central basement stair. However, what is visible now is not part of McKim’s original design. Currently, the staircase to the basement level is located directly under the grand stair. However, in 1980, prior to any restoration work, the rooms presently referred to as 206, 207, and 208 were not corridors and a stairway. Instead they were called a “Member’s Workroom” and “Graphics Department.” The basement level was reached by several small private staircases. SBRA’s Phase I plans involved major alterations to this area. At the time that the corridor spaces were converted into an office space, a cast-in-place reinforced-concrete slab floor was constructed, projecting out of the vaulted ceiling over the staircase. This construction included suspended plaster ceilings, partitions, and other built-in elements. This work also entailed removing the concrete floor slab and portions of the Guastavino barrel vault ceiling, partitions, suspended ceilings, and striping the plaster back to the brick or unit masonry furring. A new Guastavino dome and arches were constructed to match the Guastavino dome at the opposite corner, where the north basement corridor and the basement staircase connect. The new Guastavino dome received a glazed tile finish that matches the tile of the existing dome. A new marble floor was installed in both corridors, along with new marble treads, risers, stringers, and landings at the basement stairs. A new bronze railing was installed down the center of the stair as well as along both walls. New plaster was installed on the walls. The doors and transom centered on the west wall were removed and replaced with a marble reveal and surround. In addition to a new hanging light fixture at each landing, new wall mounted light fixtures were added on both the north and south walls of the staircase and in the corridors. Vestibule (209) The 1990 SBRA Phase I plans and specifications called for the removal and salvage of the two bronze handrails, installed in the 1950s during the Milton Lord renovations, and necessary patching in the floor pavers with marble and mortar to match the color of the existing marble pavers. The rest of the marble floor was cleaned and restored. New BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 240 vied wwle naceetadl tina sir lean its naa ¥ cs macnn Aa ,, @ iapadeyy tee Papua | itula a pitted oa 1G ahi roof binidiy Be Lat 1 Ob pene noir thins rhb ang patroneed seit? antertt is ice ody thet on fearltag bee bom ia ug gio De rout 5 oul ANE got abpor thaw aoleeiistae hits excivintts riewiae 7 ae . mating ‘oii ake er a. i. a (coe aoe amy au “rime * nonin are Cnt} qatar ve 9A ed cringed rite out: rire sits noe i rderhr Somveohd Aa? ite nd sania eek gnibnal mobi “ee oe ‘ss erosudl a1) do sacpil@e at Piast ? erie Cua) wiAs \otee '. wit tear stew 06 yong OBE wd aovaHOr anna beens: Re . hice + sine sn ne D2 ak an gT Ravan ytiecweg ame 1X fi yt TF; [ >, + : y a su 6 ry anise" 6 troll: wre eae Pr, i, 7a ‘la ? oft iz seat ba ayy 7 Lav9h A Ay beaks gals tA) joie’ etch Ot anahetaile eigen Aepelonrpl arenlc val y ; yrie > zV* ‘ce ied ch ' 7 ee BA ' vee hs aA ah we ere hyo? 12710? amy we ba iT \obatett On yte gouty bev lee eels Sepa ee ore Ty bxiawaneoe se 1 . Po eee fl. srneirels oli aso Dea pines beg aqcliva Yetenhs bsburervean ae - nae Lond aarencd oncld fee aneitiedy beter Cee 2G D sransined oils UA ea bia ae, x ani 4 il weds ads Geokpiaee DB), sgnilizs PAbasque: smi + dinenen eo fespicuea W cow collin BAe sind cant auamina) #99 A ime “owt ; i: bees sage ined 90t @ sw. ¥ Ags eanuaceggeny sprit in: wien oft choi” 22h bakseber Lawisow beso) 01ereee 2 pri Fene>) ouecrsieee a os lied at bolliaree aew tool sie was hy ones han pris | w hts we cinid wroiesead orth tee a S beak aigetise werd Slditaise unig (ead-yacte os Oem es View 20 lo Tena oee v ye odie heated endeash hrs noek: 1 gine) ee Rae es i i po Beas Sie esuikit nif gat borauaen! : Ps = ie abrngs pil ot hog vets : j ape i 7 tial fhoe> bv i Yo tee etsian Serr } ‘ — * ~* Fy : y ort) lo syerien bos (exdaurt oe! ‘$e pailan ana iii onal aenlnepnert wie uO ourks gotoect ah LOL nt, jo hep anise tamions in ai site woh, soles bine bparyin ae Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor decorative floor grilles were installed where new floor penetrations were made for the new HVAC units. On the east wall, new wooden doors and frames were installed at the three openings. The marble cornice, vaults, arches, sculpture panels, walls and base were all cleaned. The MacMonnies bronze statue of Sir Henry Vane and the Daniel Chester French bronze relief doors received conservation treatment.” Entrance Hall (210) The 1990 floor plans for Phase I called for the removal and salvage of the 1950 brass handrails in the Entrance Hall. In addition, the built-in desks and the exhibit cases in the four niches were to be removed.” Plans specified the cleaning of the marble floor and the removal of existing floor boxes, hardware or other conduits. Scars, made from the removal of these elements in the marble floor pavers, were patched with new marble infills set in colored mortar to match the original existing marble color. As part of this work, an artist documented, removed, and replicated the severely worn bronze intarsia inlays. The new bronze inlay design along with new marble panels was installed in the original layout matching the color and design exactly. It seems that when the Entrance Hall was altered per Lord’s direction, two zodiac signs, Aries and Cancer, were relocated to the base of the grand stair. This is because the two book charging desks that were installed directly inside the entry doors covered these two marble panels at the corners of a square layout. In order to keep the signs of the zodiac design complete, these panels had to be moved. The spaces that were left behind were patched with a concrete fill rather than with marble. With the removal of these desks, SBRA specified the restoration of these two bronze inlays to their original location. At this time the rest of the marble floors were cleaned. When the Lord changes were made, the small square spaces between the Entrance Hall and the basement stair corridors were closed up with partitions, doors, and counters. Asphalt tiles or carpeting was laid down. The 1990 Phase I plans called for the removal of all partitions, doors, or counters, the removal of the floor coverings, and the installation of new 12-inch square marble floor pavers to match the marble floor in the north corridor. Ground Floor Corridors (203, 205, 211) . The Phase I plans called for the removal of the existing HVAC units in both south and north corridors and their replacement with new floor penetrations and new decorative metal floor grilles. The work during the phase included the repair of the 12-inch square marble tile floor in the north corridor. The existing terrazzo floor minus the marble border stones in the south corridor was replaced with new 12-inch square marble pavers that match those in the north corridor. The decorative painting on the plaster wall surface above the marble dado was cleaned to determine the original paint scheme. The walls were then repainted with the original Pompeiian motif in red, yellow ochre, and BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 241 nie oP ae cent n oi WM slut ave sohertennd soot wit nvaet bs ats te belligest 219% BSG pennenieebet ayes rete Dies ether yal areal sro kin jepcyan plier he rumor! bo’ et) ale Cae tie Crib 612 5.8 scr eke See ee _¥ ~~ Ji caserny (10 iseiresctiy ponte a ae yas | ts) at ara + ont ris AeA forts. ievvieet ao! 1” baila Tsien 10) eruely soot ag Suntey ort toree eteod fel a oy .c0inbbe By Mat sdnends i wt et au T in pL TENU Belt OMe sents arti t finery ‘ pernbdi€ Meer la " so ae he, han ttkor .tidbmen bath ae ics! sett ye08 7 y POY, ae ; vn iterated F139 .c1e8Q I al} oick py tea “we tel posses ry » Beale, ole yells atts! Rgirauicy, 2 Aang weno QO Wi at pool 7 eve yr ocd bavendget base tcontere A a eer anaes {* wa i eos saw 2! ~ aktrom wen cil yale ce hatila. sett Ol seo se weit Gh Re oc iret ait costed ddr waa st eae Ree i> ite ae oe ear * aa p , av ors ta) Qed. oRhAy corgie DeIDOS GV . pointe ere) eq ore ke “Phy seh ele Biet! , Loot ow) Sib oruaee ‘nied? iatehar rp fin id is . : OTIS Fi - i ee revi A air io age aya ne ators ai rough av Ji | ke ‘i¢ j ‘ 7 git * i' or) higw ral key WTS" : Pas eh iy vi ‘ y 0 Oy Al bry Bett. 1 +, % te = ’ ef; ' omit icy 6 nin a" tan oie wr Uta m eu oe vid > Ie wu fri (whi Ligtte ate eo well nsec meh ft “4 r ot 4 er bs reps: eh a % 4 vida myid « 7 “, 74 oe P » Val (‘6 is ve toes Sait wives atte & re STATIN EP a Tit oe a Mii mer Gee So Se : 19 hes JSR voured 2AT9OR bella enela } cuut's OR) oT et Be gee © ‘istlasent of She 22edtis202 1007) “10 avon es ier MNES D3 ORD “4 1 th fi ali ih yengt' pied tarts \ ANB A aps enig 16 j Feidies aieaae i ri phe a : valk * =e ! 1a 4 . ti mr ae A CE ae iA £) arolizmD* nto Sus asia bie ¢doGe flratt a Rhea AA t gaurenes aula Yo>ineegpet a *6 aot te vo som © Van a /imuaal ea bie shoe" vit ele oh anleyy Eee bnew re “iuipa isa] ofl do tiagn 37 debeliayt msi nisi 1 ehgen oituanian iooll errs ae ath ero siege aus orerh wannabe betyile Hest apigdey neh! ide Kania. oA. (tere Spun nei ast comb ie voi ; * bein eee wots bs 14 fravcgn > eliac 6 % Wh ’ tes 7 wal . iy ts “Orn aa _ a; A ¢! 4 : ¥ f° Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor olive green. An area of the original soiled paint was retained on the south wall of the north corridor to illustrate the contrast between the condition of the restored and original paint. New historic quarter-sawn oak doors were installed along the north corridor. All the marble dado and door surrounds were cleaned, and new hanging light fixtures were installed. The elevator lobby, which is located in the south corridor just off the Entrance Hall, had been altered over the years with the installation of wall-mounted display case, phone booths, and a drinking fountain. The original terrazzo floor with marble border remained until 1990, as did possibly the original elevator cab. However, Phase I plans specified the removal of the elevator enclosure and the installation of a new two-hour rated enclosure and a new cab and the replacement of the terrazzo floor with new 12-inch white marble floor pavers and rose marble border. The display cases, phone booths, and drinking fountain were all removed as well. Original Lavatory/New Bookstore (212 & 213) Prior to the restoration work, this area was the location of the women’s and men’s lavatories. Original Periodical Reading Room / New Catalogue Room (214) During the 1990s, the Government Documents Department was moved into an area that had previously housed the original Periodical Reading Room. In preparation for receiving the Government Documents Department, this area was freshly painted and the terrazzo floor cleaned and polished. The brick fireplace, long covered, was exposed. The two adjacent rooms, formerly the Periodical Reading and Reference Rooms (215, 216), were converted to work and stack space for the Government Documents Department.” This room is at present being used as the Catalogue Room. The Government Documents Department was moved back to its original location (B05) after completion of Phase I restoration. As part of the Phase I restoration, the Rooms 215 and 216 were converted into the Information and Tea Room, respectively. The 1990 SBRA plans specified the removal of casework, the built-in southwest doorway, and the built-in service desk and shelves. The existing terrazzo floor was removed and replaced with a new marble floor with floor penetrations for new HVAC and decorative metal floor grilles. Plans also called for a new spiral stair and modified landing in the northwest corner to provide access to the existing balcony and matching the one in Room 406 (original Children’s Room). However, this was never built, and a straight stair was installed instead. Existing bookcases and wall sconces were removed from the north wall. On both the north and east exterior walls, the existing plaster was removed and replaced by new textured plaster applied to new metal lath over new insulation and vapor barrier. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 242 ar) ft) ’ J —- aad fo henuads Bei Ty :oiti be nedeBaned eats aon Fi i o20 The SA ROBT ey Mar a as tn) iM 4 ersitgtiaohod orl? bas. wureoieag ee A att vids, « 700893 Serio 97 20 teen pan AS heme atith ses totn a ~— Uo “noah eee apical dow mes arahy sro Bhaweri cera ta I Jt, Wenhindgnilew to wobeloer mid y eal wo Sell cope LeTi) pity ch ae Denise hk ati H éds iatevnis lana! Sarl: ¥ Set Lowes Ate a ’ we ; A) peas 7 wot iend d of YBAtY wet Tyee wera Teh) ON le ! ded Hets gay i sca fi) wuol® ne : Ci) once wer oy Sat Oi if\\ ¢aw ares vy Sar tres e798 ya r OA: 01° creed! qupolan- ont \ seaRi geting ieibo ta at Oe Leer. oe pagel Weeks retin nim oy sie Of 1% si ene a) sen het (sjibohe lathe? aeeor Augie oreo Aeyhcop vied tow pants soon raqgell at; aighaldanisenn atc) ott ety dee Coattsooa' han! eho doin. 365 ida vivant Bitte Hrarta-als veokill ) ROO { i. cyicuh Eytan _eil 129 (bor ot gli appari’ mrioet BTSae Gye peste Ls Cee Tos? Or cot sa baling en aa | Lt 10: oe rh ; / pre . #y, ; > 4 ty 7 1 WA ny on oh ond srpoleey S e << {gb ensinng mat nabs, be tu soialqaies tafe (800) ene not Lenin att @ bov..n poe ae = L ‘> woe OTS hice & ( Lame 948 EG sen seat wire 00g eh non aR . hie ia seni sib nse. moione A Vs , i ee iam = yuelige mie, By uae wo bac ; fot ame heh oxieniay qhipekixe O0F ah ne it Wor raniarogr sot (prog f isiiipoa tag tas lige won & Mel otal’ oh re) iy peste eben is = = yale ¥ basa ba z ory | arb theses snoeesincla aa se bec dignaiag’t trowenanyan aikee rgnesliy i Hieeahisrm irda 4 ¢ am ae ates be Tigi’ 0h Woes Baad seca gett Ye ae’ al tint eas aes sa eget uss y 9a diaes Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor New rectangular grilles were added beneath the windows on the north wall along with new brick dado at piers and pilasters. The existing chandeliers were refurbished and relocated in the eight central bays. The existing book elevator on the east wall was closed. The Phase I plans also called for the installation of new insulated double-glazed windows with UV filtering with the outer glass set in the existing wood frame. Original Current Periodical Room / New Information Room (215) This room is among the most changed in the past decade. The 1990 Phase I plans called for the removal and salvage of the existing wood balcony and stair that wrapped around the east, south, and west walls. This was necessary because it was specified that a new partition wall be built on the north side of the room. This wall was to contain new frosted glass in new wood frames matching the existing window dimensions and positions on the original north exterior wall. The plans also called for new brick dado to match existing, new textured plaster, new brick arches, and central oculus with built-in electric clock. On the south wall, two new doors were installed, one in the existing opening (west) and one in a new opening (east). The new doorway included a new frame to match the opposite opening with a wedge-shaped brick flat arch and sandstone corner blocks. The existing grilles on the east and west walls were removed and new brick was toothed in to match the existing brick. Floor penetrations with new decorative floor grilles were installed. The glazed door into the Catalogue Room (214) is new. The bronze wall-mounted light fixtures were installed at this time on the east and west walls. The chandelier was relocated from Room 216 to this room to make way for the installation of the chandelier from the Grand Staircase Hall. The painted finish on the coffered terra cotta ceiling was removed. Original Boylston Street Driveway / New Tea Room (216) It is likely that during the changes made under Milton Lord’s direction, rubber tile was put down on the floor. In 1981, the Stull Report recommended its removal and the repair or replacement of the original terrazzo floor. However, during the 1990 changes, a new marble floor was installed, along with new marble dado, base, and door surround on the east wall. The walls received new plaster base and skim coats with a new lighting molding recessed into the existing plaster with concealed wiring beneath a new wooden picture molding. The Phase I plans called for new glazed doors to be installed on the east wall with a 1/4inch marble raised panel above. However, due to the current use of the room these doors are not in place. The domed plaster ceiling has a large central globe chandelier that dates to the 1950s. At the time of this writing, the plaster and paint in this dome were already showing signs of deterioration and failure. On the north wall where the three large openings suggest the original use of this room as the porte cochere, the existing glass panels, doors, and fanlight received minor repairs. The hardware of the small central sash of each fanlight was removed and the lights fixed. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 243 af fw wil ese ze iteh titel eek el ily oa t siigjant od 68 neo hawig wan amber Hodeatis syhs pad yoy dita ogreeky benitrerti ner Me 1gts S46 rend uve even 300 eh? veut bead edad v8 J hit sis anaes vieathiuy Of mq ath ai paced nite $0 seatbaart ft want S- a roo offi co erobalw sili fies gle ; eo yyy ecto wails goaye, ste apoio dood paleo oe, Hifwel Sortie wart rainbgatheeieg | it bow gates avi a ram? . aes (21%) meoR onvacrstal mops eebrs ma geil OGRE SAT caters Oe a) tien eh § annie St a ote ed? wete bine Vidiiniod Ops oe Renner" » aed fen bes levees ret ed Pay ean) Fike rey iW ‘wa¥ G yw! rn ioe oF caw Teorett? ) aoe od io vole ‘drekgahe ica ne pened oq bas aolients Vo RR! BNL oni pee ldataad epee t Avafiew * io “a Coe ohne dor ‘4 2), i) «cat dala Tay wuirdire sito f sis abil ind #0 (mylar lei —ea y bow r rats nee rarer eatits wok ons aw t sq oF nicaal wad 6 bylulaar enrol Qanainn amie) %e cinta PY ee 1IO>2 ht edivue 168 satehegade+sih we es aD ee 2 a cow ial mi Naneoo: ls, 299 i ee Cee ot pie Milled roe ay wo » calls a. L nsiew Mig 70%" 9" Mb won (le PANN m9! tut eect eee. vr a > ue COR Peta ahi ane US ene VANE 2 Dold OTs TO dyhnent> oa ial: 16 Ye PAP, ee vie ler mime (Am teal alte ve dé adinw letra 40 ¢ sami OF Cigar vides ak guid meH?t nie SLA ts a wit no sacl bsiaing uel Sie were me iby A ee (a?) soo est walk Bhatt nung iden wigitiesi> cbael nel aging ahem it an ub' am liyoatsy 2 balwertim i rida Seanpe hs Ly na at ot ne 4) ah) eernwt. perc) 2008 aa «dha wth s Yr 10) ty: ft seul pba ray wee titty ae Sy ig re 706 » ‘ . dite ais rity Soe S468 sornsle — yo fies psiee- gh oul ks art't ot" 7 cei pet riesui Alo) yOu fittns wohl denartey- a vatanhey ypatnioh ones Maa gti 3 j vs ati th A ada Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor These changes were all made with the intention of converting this space from its current use as a Periodical Room toa Tea Room. These changes in use prompted the changes in the room next door (215). In order to make use of eating/drinking facilities, there would need to be a support room adjoining the space to accommodate the service needs. Room 216a, the Tea Room Support Space, was created by splitting the Current Periodical Room (215) next door with the installation of a partition. This produced a small “galley” kitchen along the exterior wall that opens out to the “Tea Room.” Within this space there is a Stair to the basement and new food service equipment, new dumbwaiter, new stainless steel ductwork, new HVAC, and new fan coil units (FCUs), along with new finish materials like plaster, quarry tile floor and base, and light fixtures. Needless to say, these changes have greatly altered the original appearance of this room. Original Bindery / New Newspaper Department (218) Phase II work in this space will involve substantial changes to make this room the New Newspaper Department. They include the removal of the existing spiral stair to the mezzanine, the existing dumbwaiter to the basement, the existing desk and newspaper slots, the existing center partition, and the existing door and wall in 218a. The existing wood balcony is to be refurbished, as are the existing wood cabinets. There will be new wood newspaper cabinets, new metal shelving with metal end panels, new carpet and electrical floor boxes, new marble stools and decorative grilles at window openings, and new FCUs. The existing spiral stair will be replaced with a new metal straight stair having 14 risers. A new wall will be built to the center of the column and underside of the cross beam. There will be new marble bases at the plaster walls and at the columns. The Newspaper Room cabinets will consist of 1-inch by 3-inch strapping attached to the wall, 3/4inch oak veneer particle board, 1/2-inch oak veneer plywood with edge banding and solid oak molding and trim. The base will be marble. The Reference desk will have a new framed opening to the stacks, a wood veneer counter top with solid wood edges finished to match the balcony. The mezzanine level of the Newspaper Room will have a new dumbwaiter, new work counter with plastic laminate finish, new free-standing metal bookstacks with wood stile and rail end panels at the end of each row. These bookstacks will be approximately 36 inches wide and 66 inches high. There will also be new bookcases built into the perimeter walls on the east and west sides with lights mounted on the top of the entire length of the bookcases. The room will have new historic light fixtures suspended from the vaulted ceiling. On the east wall there is an existing door opening leading into the Elliott Room. A new metal railing with a cherry wood handrail will be installed at the stair. On the north wall the existing decorative metal grilles will be removed, refurbished, and reinstalled with the BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 244 ° 7 ; vir a : $6u : Lh oA cel wo ORE. ve weet MATEY = ig i : : > ae J 7 shot WH entre? whe Me setrendates fclur f Hi eyjeait od! haxynedhy sey nh epheby seed aie qe? aot > yablahh patie gad alert ag on reirtse 3(0 aiphetinen é d Seer aah) yin Q ‘iT taen 2 oi wiidiiga Yd baseeES Ger Tie é ea ‘sera cg bDapub mae) . «ms! TUNE fe mutgetian a net cuir cid" peo aT’ offal ing urome me ae on) tobivenhitnet Won see tepUpS eh w haclws 4¢ reeks Picts 18 ey ete adele (4004) wien ted nd oe we I> veotl (venta ptalbeny, weomuaedt ictall bee eleee — ; mca sie hy a 0 seh } Simpored wit rae peepeeelt weit \ erehed ih) nidi avin siebiailiin of sepals aniedie vlna Rie, “a? Ol EM a Tiny a wied aliaio levsaiet a2) sb sta : igre = bite eee WIA 3, MIs Iw f ‘toy rai ‘godt wie Wh iew baw 1404 savers oc) Se laa: fas wine se od) MET Stell] eta bode enfen ats Oia co betaiegeign vd oy «i ritiy, ait & ish eove> wae mente bu? 1epseny fipive serra oie Parsi PE LPR ) nqapeneetie on “TUT ys werniw fre | SVOLTOIS. i fied onan pany watt fom ola pe ieseoe Ipraptwer & ive toast sd ib. "ea diligee:» Ly ; fa bt) sbierotvetey t isd wither etfto¥ cor tee oak eva flee west Ai eee HTT DHS ta flew Nee) Ve Ted aia sicher arse ad lbw yrodF i : ; © ola f M _ ce USripanay anne Aynbt ya (on Le pefaiie oe us vs ae ay Satvy Sih bodverntg iy Arie dnc eto 0 tongs Papin, mel wera Heel ¥J/Eel tsuy/ ¥ ah a 7 4 nt Adres ud Wi ve ~~ ot] mT gat) ila heya pois silo faa et | fase 7 ths hood hh pi » tier cor tot Sires oor boow a Ain peta eam Lwin weegs vrei Aor a ie Taw noun Ht te boow dite dlaadoed lsu gota orl ole, Jf yishicnizagus 20 thy iatnlesd suit Sa ae wih oveai Mice percha hse Wil nd culs ave vin ao8 | ; vee its me hd qQeta/)! nen bens ativan aft pil aw © “é ’ r _ a “te vs. oh it a ve U- afi rt) ‘ition y Nowy sida eae 7 weq¢ wo A Herp erst ns i le oy!) jlnvy abricoas acts atet ; “with Asha estab reg ae eA Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor new FCUs along this wall. The windows will have new plaster with a splayed finish at the reveals and new marble stools. There will be new newspaper cabinets along the south and east walls. Original Newspaper Files Room / New Northwest Corridor (223) The area of the McKim building historically known as the Newspaper Files Room received substantial attention during Phase II of the 1990s restoration. This area is the general ground floor link between the McKim Building and the Johnson Building and, therefore, it was the intention of the following alterations to provide a clear and open passageway between the key areas of the two buildings. The demolition of this space included removing all interior masonry walls and the masonry partition and door on the north wall, removing the existing floor slab and structure, cutting a new opening in the north wall, removing the existing plaster the full height and length of the north wall, and removing the existing steps, posts, railings, and platform of what was the West Service Stair. These stairs were removed completely down to the basement. The coverings of the four central columns were stripped. The demolition called for the removal of masonry walls and floors in this space from the Ground floor through Stack 3, doubling the original height of this space to an elevation of 22 feet, 1-1/4 inches. A new metal elevator enclosure was installed on the north wall between the McKim and the Johnson Buildings, and the west service staircase was rebuilt. The stairway was finished with marble walls, ceiling, stair treads, and landing. There are light fixtures at each landing. Finishes in the Northwest Corridor include new plaster walls with marble dado. The center columns were fitted with reinforced plaster covers. Plaster niches with marble sills were created over the doors on the north and south walls. In addition to the new stairs, elevator cab, and handicap lift, two new drinking fountains, new smoke detectors, and sprinklers were added. The lighting consists of new custom lights in the center of each square of the new plaster coffer ceiling. Two new ceiling hung light fixtures similar to the chandelier in the “Tea Room” (1950s Grand Stair chandelier) were installed. The new entry from Room 223 to the Newspaper Department (218) incorporates new marble frame and wood doors. Microtext Department (225, 226, 230, 235) During the Phase II work in Room 225, the existing level 3 floor was removed to make the area open to above. In addition, an existing door and frame, partitions, and windows were removed. New smooth plaster walls, pilasters, and cornice were installed on all wall surfaces while new rigid insulation with a vapor barrier was adhered to the existing exterior (east) wall. The upper windows will have new splayed sides and bottom in a smooth plaster finish. A new marble base was installed, and the vaulted ceiling was finished with a rough acoustical plaster. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 245 | F “gale gh Ape beinligy & ape bays tree ely grote ienides > ” (783) erie aes: Siertreyt (ROE oye) ge wy 4 od jm gerond lebton inves cen gly G exngeltt jet oee ge oy £ ofr teri ye hire) eyo 2 peer. ol sa beta geting. Ma: 4 +1) neao fants 6 oheroig oF erie sia sage WG lo demioansy ot? 2g ay ee yooh baw colitag yindeus ois hoa ion Sel af greioalyo ean © girsue Pru. aie aw Sad Thea'tiieon ote iy ‘al Outs Moyer fits . shrvee ree WN orlt may reel: he potialg bined ai lattes? aol sy bo verted: snsonan tne ienela Wh dicreaee fo le wyald ty to). bei (iota at gritiiuab’ 6 daa sigue pot} tenaag | prexytcet resets bein wai A saviowy & lef yal & ‘ 46 Dobie? oct) cu enpbgtt . | ah wal abtebily welt cn? ‘alent esoivi dig aut’ ’ Psthaciee? ori 1% 2 shan of hG@roarst Asaaoon t higeel Baneny, uc) J tae icoteartion Lorry aenokrivaiery othe th iste Di iy Gash aN aw fe mer tee lleseni orp sole van Ang eels at | enbeiicg ny OF beatin +m nasheed Yagi §. 1 si tad +) ase ts ible bela ota ae wn ee vy salle bane eae rc ee lok ad weet pr a part wide Nal Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Ground Floor Room 226 underwent some alterations during the Phase II work. These changes included the installation of new wood shelves on the east and southwest walls, the removal of existing partitions, and the removal of an existing door and frame. New gypsum wall board, vinyl bases, and typical stack lights were also installed. During this work, reading carrels were developed in the space between rooms 225 and 226. These carrels have a solid wood desktop surface that is 2-feet, 6-inches deep, new plaster walls on either side, and a low partition separating each carrel bay. The low partition has a 3/4inch solid wood backsplash that is carried around on the three sides of the desktop with a 1/3-inch solid wood reveal, and the partition is capped with a 1 1/2-inch by 5 5/8-inch solid wood cap. This area also has new marble bases and a new plaster ceiling. Room 230 had five new FCUs installed on the south wall during Phase II, as well as a new sink, counter, and shelving on the west wall and a low partition with plastic laminate countertops on either side. Phase II work for Room 235 included the installation of two new wood paneling on the west wall and adjustable shelves with wood countertops at the service counter and against the south, north, and east walls. New smooth-finish plaster was added on the walls above the new oak casework. New bronze grilles were installed at the pilasters where FCUs were added. An existing wall and door in the middle of the room, anda new stand up reference desk were removed. The corridor that connects these rooms in the Microtext Department also underwent some changes during the Phase II work. These alterations included the removal of the existing partitions and interior windows and patching of all existing plaster where demolition had occurred. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 246 rt ) tehuloureaponts sell dems sete Ge br aiiess 27 fie selene iy ihe is eer wel rT ideal gilli qn )hert daw Nannes Melati) Galeeivew vt ¢ er! tee Mead T DE tien OCS aoe B59 HY, RTE PP: ; vie pa owed ‘rotert4y wat .Goel aetonkd Jat — ‘sont ona dhl casibbe OT chou /2a03 orl ee gaa a ~ i ie) PM “t Wi? LAPD fi )-"at SaaA wedeinl Ore aeliet its: " : y ’ or. . ne eu jar gE wedies.) to oe ribet 4 a ; — oe z ! ! ; . - 7 MRIOL) elatyal rt Lae . oben auel™ Jono? Roweihl 2 pail ares Bee nan eet row gribdanghgs | | ye | bala a L@ i at Veen pcioket wor sto conic kabeloed wc eietd. rl i xine rae at Ay wr wisi? hi *2 ) i 129 eel rind bane Age i ; 30 Aas kote eak torcnesron! Bhi cue y fi iy eres viyrital CBrAL ES nhs um WTO 2 lew ine ei “utc yaqqery es yaaa vey La, fend Low beveaggy ae yen mudeag gapiniza oH gre en Eanes t Kotter eT & ee Geiger a OUI if eu 42g" ©) Sie DAR UieP arti ao Hae Bets tio aula lyf boatee terQateer ein tal aie Se inne ineesoeh aie id Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Stack One Stair 6 The existing railing was removed and replaced with a new | 3/8-inch pipe handrail during the work of Phase I. New rubber tle flooring was installed at this time, as was the new standpipe. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 248 ae | Ae | >see Tent. oo abe mg AsubS\0 feb tel wae ne bepvnncet mow lies . ott wom Re gin) st 7 ne saert? Yoo ts 7 a0 onl) . ae * a 7 ° ma 7 a : " i] cy tia 2 ” *) Cae a Vantage > oy Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor 8.3.4 Bates Hall Floor Grand Staircase Hall (Stair 1) The work in this area in the Phase I scope included the replacement of the glazing in the existing wood frame windows with new stops, stripping paint from the window frames, and repainting. All marble surfaces were cleaned. The Puvis de Chavannes murals and their wood frames were restored, and the lion statues including the shield relief and lettering on their bases received conservation treatment by a statuary conservator (Appendix 11.9). The stair treads, risers, and platform landings were all cleaned, and the rubber treads were removed from the bottom two steps. The existing light standards on the landings were all refurbished. The largest alteration to this area during the phase of work was the installation of a new chandelier. The large globe fixture that was installed during Lord’s 1950s alterations was found to be inappropriate given the academic nature of the restoration of this area. The replacement fixture, although not original, is styled appropriately from the same period. Historic photos, however, do not show a hanging light fixture in the Grand Staircase Hall. Delivery Room a.k.a. Abbey Room (401) In 1975, while departments were being reorganized as a result of the opening of the Johnson Building, Research Library Catalogues were moved out of the Abbey Room and relocated in the Elliott Room. With this move completed, the Abbey Room was restored to its original state and continued to serve as the delivery point for books from the Research Library stacks. Restoration work included cleaning and polishing the marble floor and refinishing the woodwork. It was at this time that the ornately carved teakwood antique table with pink marble top was placed in the center of the room, although currently it is located in the Venetian Lobby. This table apparently was the library table of Antonio Panizzi of the British Museum from 1856 to 1877 and was presented to former BPL trustee, George B. Chase. In 1981, Stull Associates noted in their room-by-room survey that changes had only been made in lighting and with the doors. The pigskin-upholstered doors into Bates Hall had been removed or altered, and the double oak doors to the Pompeiian Lobby were replaced with glazed doors around 1963. Over the years an addition was made to a single window on the South wall, as well as lighting changes to illuminate murals in this dark, “medieval” or “English manor” room. Pompeiian Lobby (402) The Pompeiian Lobby includes the elevator lobby. In the Phase I scope of work the elevator enclosure was removed and replaced with a new 2-hour rated fire enclosure. It is not certain if the original elevator was extant at the time of replacement. The small janitor’s closet beside the elevator shaft was equipped with a new FF standpipe with a Fire BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 249 aru bodegan Mii bebnlite ago ae aw | “EW Soll ria tie wishes, wrote | ecuaT) vy eoriuveA ob gdowisdT tp veel eee aL lon tx! yale ot) grdbwai espana soll pf _ Oop pA! WherEsites Tite ow TSN a a} isdetisty oets oe beregeets He ergs 2 iituneat i b reenrt shea m vey ctrighongse jit wiizs “it Restore ab mod hy | Secdy outt Qahuh aie eels o | nomeedie hav sar ivarleichied boi teathgadel wret tars oat) odols sone ht * Saiaboindts wont ee Wi) lo Din Sieetiy wiih teavig wrctact y(n el ev Bast MeN HLDaET i Tenbghin ion lqaieiie sacred sienenbnadegion wih Gens oft io oe ke & eoRhereit DW eeied soiody hoi Salnaie ian AD aard om ) jad mee hee) mis. (924 = ¢ an C= = PNAS ey ey te 7 aes ini. rem ecaie 5,4 by sear . Mi mrihth yey leieeeys Ie SEA Toy * (cle abides ut. & 0 omnia ake 6 coats celt Popmerss som «Ul ce GOA sh’ i-oly 1 sili coh 1 aolance Sa Ta) Os a SVP OF Lrgapbineres brs sa lek | i sth Qendagiog tae praeamily Gotuloal a ve ceobipwarentt Ee A “oat 14° per A _ gyif' Th) wal ict) Je aew Arawhacn ads 2elieak guocihe den nit lo veitipy oft oi boashy saw gor ‘atures Arey eine sy » sid at vid nets gee is ei aAstitsi def edad caelasweni all ak ts eel ea qhigst » Ouyet) Dicken dee bee SLAi ow OS! gion Bete a mar 6 tenia 4 oh yt a (ib) esc ee siiiaal rs; aan mb) i sprastg meUaes f ‘ - re uit ey ergs? bal) vert noomehmogt i helds sea te flastel) jee ia: Hoo Lompladeay nitibegs ont aoe Py has y vue pray, vide) anti oat on noob tee AMopkras = f bette Oi oven aon (4) cher sew cubibbe an Macy oda tere nent : ‘ etic!) be yaly "* ity t 7 a rift iy ae tilieg ulentsiaulll ow exgnesio tity Iheere cheated t 1 aaa 7 _ 4 7 i] F 7 ; ~— - 5 7 I : s i ' | is Piet iaity “ 7 ; - > i mang in oo of : : ; ag an _ wf) SOW ba yet 2 : weit ee - ¥ a si sa Visdorrs wel bossy Pers ut 6h rbrah linear oat} dtaarh2 ali fib Sah 2 ys yo — Fa ester see . Be renee * Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor Department valve and extinguisher. The SBRA drawings and specifications called for the replacement of the original lion-head fountain spout. However, this does not appear to have been done. The partition in the niche overlooking Stair 2 was removed and the opening patched to match the surrounding finish where necessary. The light fixture from the existing landing was refurbished and relocated, and the existing wood doors to the Abbey Room (401) were modified. The sandstone panel over the doorway to the Abbey Room and the paintings on the wall surfaces were conserved (Appendix 11.9). All the marble and sandstone surfaces were cleaned.” Puvis de Chavannes Gallery (403) In 1975, while departments were being reorganized as a result of the opening of the Johnson Building, the research library catalogues formerly housed in part in the Chavannes Gallery were relocated to the Elliott Room. Once cleared of these catalogues, the Chavannes Gallery was restored to its original state.” The Phase I work for this space involved cleaning the existing marble floor and removal of the existing frames, central glazed doors, and transom (including the floor pivot closers) in order to modify and re-swing the existing gates and frame. Where the floor pivot closures were removed at both jambs, the marble was patched. Within the stair vestibule, the existing partitions to Stairs 2 and 3 were removed, and new wall-mounted wood handrails were installed in the stairs. The existing decorative painted vaulted ceilings and existing metal brackets were cleaned and touched-up with special painting. Two new chandeliers matching the central Grand Staircase Hall chandelier were installed; existing electrical conduits were removed; and all marble and sandstone was cleaned. Venetian Lobby (404) Phase I work in this space included removal of HVAC equipment and installation of new HVAC. This work also included the installation of new face grilles in the niche on the east wall. The marble floor pavers were cleaned, as were the sandstone walls. A new ceiling-hung light fixture was installed, along with new lighting fixtures at the dome spandrels. The existing decorative metal grilles were removed, while the sandstone dado was sawcut vertically between the upper and lower opening to create a new opening. A new decorative metal grille was installed matching the pattern of the grilles in the Lecture Room (214) yet flush with the sandstone. The wall paintings were restored, and all 562 masonry surfaces were cleaned. Bates Hall (405) In addition to the various regulations for local and State codes, it was necessary during the Phase II work to comply with the standards of the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the National Park Service (NPS). The Library, as a National Historic Landmark and a private, non-profit organization, had applied for and received a grant to BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 250 ir a ite eat bate ere Hoods ‘sesaguprmnb ‘ASR eT 3 »vadece jor Goh idi ayo wos pleut be wh bite boveormn cow F ete pablo sihatn > << sorte laviw!l odY epee oper dell eine cn racet ty | P ta ole Boe Binet bie hiyehi veh ) anes & ho pwadol 1 va leagg soehbhoke ott Dba aa me ane dah yoy) ats eet i Se ONAN Hecgt eat aa ag geening sis moe * Wocieohs S10 Bian ponhesrs » bye obeainay: cas * ee ‘ | eee) athe) 1 soto St ly ane Gok dpokitageoss a yanked PANNE BIeoeN? Lacpst cliche, 17ST) fie eee VTA TIO el be Abbe scccthl AR ieee, oe? gilli a ole Li Wa inceets gor? .nood mpolllad @ Note ples cro: crac) mE niet hie nite whos wi nin vel) nae ! nly 2” > a ‘ i 1 eu mn yada of pelasels ont wl cathy Arts if 4anw | 7 wt} ha yglt 4 ae et) e x ne. 21000 B: iby epee pore: yitit ms ob Brie esiacy glides cull Blreteas bas tune i oir oh 5 seta rilitsTiw they wars eva st) SRY, dyoid de Been orn res he Arr fel atone srr 7 Posie Scie | ~ aeeanbilyenr4 guciiae 7 Me san, MOTs ' “© OV walt CAReY of tet song, AesieSeaes wide hued Ds "7 binhanyg y nie ao-fetiawe: how oneslo ore dpa Seles: ghbdcs hte nities StL TUR pees nasil’ wets) Griese ony pelt ei i cupeatS. r | pet enceib rid bays aleteayes the bere, damages emmy aitalee +2 lesley a rani ; eect, . . ron 68): cai sit “ie aa é ike exh atleret) ere reverse JAY?I1 ‘cromau abalone arly ott _ | . a nay woe Wau te, eotialhenanti keri hele hyena tid atl, sad Se Maleigeoa) S19" ut dence’: eal sites SAP fr of'ocs te ep senitsipl! wart atti wegnole bbl “aie pias es too suctebinal arte Site bawonees avs celltry kansineae br galiaive : ‘ TAC VAM A Oe) pe mins eaweol freut eee ‘ palien : Jt ct naeniliine oils he era Tie quoi bef be “ (ammpery’ ‘he an bynes e perennial Iles iT: one paive slawll ' : 6 Ger fA he ee eat yor eetelany b's pcancivitaiiret ot ena m0 } mateveerl pan te ras about dag me ators pte whe ewe ty yf i; ice uh ba ok : fA oa - M% . a oa OF Sere arr iee mga , ' wn 44 ie liek nie oe : 7 : - ie y ait ee te s & ; : - ue LPs fi a : ie 4 te ~ i ) . ‘a : Me , 4 Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor support the restoration and rehabilitation of Bates Hall as part of the larger restoration and rehabilitation project already underway. As part of the agreement for the grant award, the Library agreed to comply with all applicable regulations and procedures governing Federal grants as well as the applicable Secretary of the Interior’s Standards. Issues addressed during the Bates Hall restoration included: removal of existing partitions, casework, and terrazzo flooring located in apsidal ends; installation of new access panels over the new fan-coil units on the east wall; treatment of the blind-arch panels on the west wall; installation of new light fixtures; and conservation of the decorative painting on the coffered ceiling. Mechanical Prior to Phase II, Bates Hall was heated through the use of steam radiators set into recesses in the exterior wall beneath each window on the East wall. These radiators were removed, leaving a wall cavity to be filled with a new fan-coil unit (FCU) and necessary piping. In most areas, the FCUs were accommodated within the existing openings with very limited granite cutting. Some bookcases had to be removed and reinstalled to allow for the installation of pipe risers. Retrofitting the new FCUs into the old radiator location proved to be a tight fit. It was desirable to provide a drain pan that was as deep as possible. These drain pans were 1 1/2-inch deep, extended under the piping valves at the ends of the FCUs, and included a leak detection system. Once installed, these FCUs were to be concealed with a fiberglass access panel measuring approximately 2 feet, 6 inches by 9 feet, 6 inches. The panels were cast to match the appearance of the leather-textured plaster panels of the west wall. They needed to be light in weight and operable to afford access to the fan-coil units. In addition to installation of a new heating system, efforts were made to allow for the installation of the maximum possible raceways and conduits in the floors for electrical and telecommunications wiring. The terrazzo floors of Bates Hall, which are not original, were targeted as the logical areas to introduce the necessary conduits. Initially, only the terrazzo fields in the north and south service areas were to be cut and replaced. The central aisle in the main reading room, which is floored with marble pavers, was initially intended to be carefully lifted to allow for the cutting of the setting bed, the laying of conduit, and the replacement of the original stones. However, it was determined early on as the initial floor work commenced that the available depth of the existing setting bed was limited in its ability to accommodate the amount of new conduit planned. In addition, the very tight joints between the marble pavers made it difficult to remove the stones without damaging the stone edges or the adjacent pavers. In response to these discoveries, the architects of Shepley Bullfinch Richardson and Abbott and of the NPS decided to relocate the proposed conduit to the terrazzo floor area on either side of the center aisle. This relocation was felt to be appropriate since the existing terrazzo is BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 251 ; 1 f ; ead senpud al loser ee eden to Ee praiehrielerss= be e emits a ben ianinelioget cba atigege. ayes le 2 yert'esartl aire roraeelat od snipes te Loeiest hekobut mrolumrcicy | » © soteligied) shag ivbiap a Salasel aah tovotartatch oly ber sat speipekiney flange Sean cop aes, go> Wad otal NAD Sot We it ke aoe vase Ls ei [ae cyotediiey doggy Tes oat ap) iguerctias hank mou eer wena 7 it gaye baa OD) (3 Nida BAUEae olie cn lolaMionrs® bite wicot oaher bikes ry} bis Qh 1 VOIR IT Bt 7S in EX oho Bos Leatiign & ssa thoferepal cages garrrecsntty 1S €29058 > yt actin! */ itbecd obtewieo. bi sive beh of oliadel TIO RI ALD orsaees else wormels yet 29OOr WP ant vanbodiants > bare aeinny’ oft heey! toon aA Siri heh ‘Meh to esac gr ccna SE ? re ‘ds ive. eegt sn Jaca new ariveg sidiser Alby bai008 oF cence ati F Lod bed #s rie 4 fas Atenas: hy ave Th wad aanes Weerigize | a weber off? te digeb nidalitys te >’ ‘ eh oe = A's aay ost: Me Crag mm iave & Sheet ety ot s iclevianl _ > = ve oan A ae : re ; ’ nA : ate La | » » > 7 7 * pet i a qubrea ae yet at) Go woheiy aso Gage ns ree, wad ¢€ Aw be! it. ohne offi colgitie herehOommor.s STIS Ly jo a2 a ra Pl, etd aus! rr oral th \3 woh ade geinisde: an tyrsare. page gan ay arS\tt jae boca ensetsty setae f : OM oN a(t) (Psat of Reo WH otpiow al iiall adv babase yn (a ny ati pie boy es 55 igh i nist ad Yo gala 4 i] tweireeiqJiabnes +or tojAMone pagierler elt ceaoutyers OY MT 3 seein ny ssa de Srey en ia eos neuseet cil “ate 3 ba wet a6 _ ieee PL pRiadaeer Pe OU ods te bam mode, hie eepenat im Aj le aaah Sry rm rae =p eons ar Fe gee Sart FE 1 foe bohbrs aoe thw Sale wit Ybsrepten y ed a ie i sinilap a tte svt eoolim>s law Aili cr) f tow " . : , ‘ae ‘ - os MFA Heras Bel deers oft sevice it) Vi ViaoS harsh’ “rT! Stomes? c LYS "wane-«: oul sie ew gps io ontvals sets cli sivtien-o od On egal eh 9a Ot on oe wiser mY 7 Seobirerd tod aw Now wen fj tba. cri ‘4 whi re Pew Shyer wee ty Po alesse aft Aeeigiaa tila tee 1 rules Pr b . i MU PRS EE Sg) > a SEY on Toh Me laeighys ot ot eels ? ' } Twenga ymin’ Jon a beingohy +0 blvar Paria Wri 4: 3m alsa . | eras cd h(t ata ie by sficn is *p9i Mors Tae el acai Wisin: bd dewey: wagner conga it hoAT asia nee dpe Hapeis ciel) bean Maaghele oh 4 mu vt) a es cat ‘uk So wort sae Ceariyiio ois avaveend « nea Silesia, . Mi ‘ck cal 10K ' a> reer 3S eicliessl eneem $4 turds: fii iis ‘" (ew Lrg? iti WO MAlED SSM @57) cM seantpye dar, apr : ey an A S719 ari? 4) ASG MI BG: lefeg i Ove wv aly Bey Maier? aml , Oo POLS Ati aos SG SGN * i aa st 7 - a 7s 4 7 ; vehian ion Absair: +2 a Lala wk 2A babes 4e0e7 scr Vi OORT iideorlitvny +43 sora feet rat jaan Hn in etre Aled eget Dill seal F ww bye annul Th>'4 Ghent? Bagi ts sat baldaven eh ne ne 7 ity Ofte) ois } wes win Seat hi) i eocetee’s ssi? ile hee ae lew men Hes nity ef abauenet = | anna ee whe x ‘ Yr aY it? 16 ROU ay be] 7 ine hii 8. a cra | ” fesert i oir my (? ahi 7-4 evil at 4At vi ie IAG} &> Po open lead mali isuls asa vies silute th samme ss a a t Sigibt or fiagr ab je br a y Lenlpie eae ot Soviet & =a pletion vies 4) coed 43 ew OW) an ee ee le ie hve fal OD yh) ad fenene? wie? Lone " joer wf de freer ocbiens) a7 nity vet stereo tha: PLELy vax bi fee . oa risen 12 cee Lenpeyricr 4; =i ene Kalla pe 994 wi Selb . mrna 4 ob vattio Seti) superiq caw treet 5 ubuisegaillaanliesst snminh's vat 0! boy STREP 20 Tent wd etilenoay 0) pip 19 wal gad 1° ID ee ; nod Ai queen Rained ste pribiand we eben ikyin: viru » sila ss pgeaiien gi iat 0 Aseboafl) 4 st ORong vedo toh = i “fn dl> ale ein dint wshiiiont oie parla | hontai: iy od) odjibies alte iGan7-ol 4 Ae tes parvenige yaeninbl re babs reid ‘ite Saar s2 oa? lanes bow vigedit oT pa ae? Oration ining witcx wo “ns Mi vel tose sui etlenlyre veer HMTT Tht broths map rhgics coo shail us ae ner igist OD THEN ; y e “uasite sctmnelib vsdie ix 200 aadete bed itasue ms iioertager be patsy oF ofl hantahy pidoh ae bermiqaios grind sk atibsrr sol) te; e318 * ad .nopestat ianight he Fait uM ‘ay beard anes pian tocn tn PO) ie Woihied venilé sidw4 nesta sO) SAbclas vate Wor mu if t, sn 84) _ ; I 2 tr ae ra i. eatin die ane) sity oy i404 byte vi Sye iid evolve gamit é: - r : a A ia a era da pial hed eae a er 5 sherds oe Arg G) OFF robiveny N¢ wl ae ae aL z : > eae , Tha. a 34h a Zz b th? Gy ivy a i 1 “ nasal ee nisi Crs a ee eu i | aes , (ee y hel cal | Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor panels with mirrors glazed in the same manner and configuration as the east wall windows. It was envisioned to be a subtle intervention consistent with the character of Bates Hall, the period, and the Bibliotheque precedent. After much careful consideration, the National Park Service determined that they would not approve of the infill of the blind arches of Bates Hall’s west wall with mirrors glazed to match the arched windows of the east wall. The plaster in the blind arches was therefore repainted to match the original paint color. Original Children’s Room / Catalogue Room (406) The space, which was originally the Children’s Room, was converted for use as the Catalogue Room in the pre-1990s restoration alterations. During Phase II of the current project, Room 406 was still undergoing significant restoration with the planned reinstallation of a metal spiral stair to match the one removed in the 1920s and the original existing one in the northeast corner. New posts and railing to match the mezzanine railing will be added at the east doorway. Work completed includes the installation of new leather-covered doors to Bates Hall. The existing marble hearth was cleaned while new 18-inch by 18-inch marble floor tiles were installed within a marble border. Seven new floor electric boxes were incorporated in the new flooring. In addition to the wooden balcony floor, the existing wooden casework on the north wall and around the mezzanine were restored and refinished. All original finishes were restored; the iron columns were repainted; the balcony fascia was cleaned and wax polished; and the decorative plaster and cornice were repaired and repainted in original colors. Besides the restoration of the decorative finishes, this space received a new Fire Department valve in a cabinet on the south wall and new metal HVAC grilles in the marble bases. The electric and telephone boxes were removed, and the walls behind were patched and refinished. New wood casework was added to the east, south, and west walls. A new service desk was provided in the Southeast corner of the room using portions of a desk salvaged from Bates Hall. All windows were restored. Original Patent Library a.k.a. Elliott Room / New Delivery Room (407) In 1975 during the changes made in conjunction with relocating departments for the General and the Research Libraries, the Elliott Room received the Research Library Catalogs that had previously been housed in the Chavannes Gallery and the Abbey Room. Before receiving the catalogues, the Elliott Room had functioned as the Government Documents Department. Through the work of Phase II, this space was restored for use as a Delivery Room. Restoration work in this space was to consist of the removal, repair, and refinishing of the decoratively leafed and glazed canvases on the walls above casework. The existing finish was to be removed down to the aluminum leaf; any cracks in the leaf were to be repaired and filled, and a glazing treatment was to be reapplied. During construction it was BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 254 | ad Shaw ras cal) 90 dhe rey REY ies eatery > cle chit Tureaeietee i : \feeayon oaetes art inshanng spe af) Kien vo biuea wart reds Bord act ai ‘Peggy az Sett 2 nt Locate st08eS tee lew hw « ; ota be Satoigdo? ore eee tits oolied sl) oe See « (Ob) aout oat f apeeyines en in ne, enerbhicg weve 119; tan Ho Ti eae) anolinrotla etieariieas beds oxi moa? 0 fa ti afl aw OA " -sAliath mae par ah 1g ‘ Ate) ots od boanasy ovo ai aon ol vba hu 4 . bine ai co oh ia eROey eirtad 1260n ry aie seme Bsr Waiwera: ine eaves 210 1 ; 43d). jaded asta pte’ 49°. od ,ANEY ae sad Sido erigeves VGC Jhb ei xa ewe = a are Loe yi « mietous fulieiadd Aco eal (OT) OVER Fi nih Bayh! vain vik Prva y ee) “4 ba resepenl STS see ai ierah ato ? wa oven : min Cue tty 4 are> 2ADQCM BAU se oe TN Yeon ie Oy cf 3 area ane ends rye TA betroie ine Pepvedaee “Soper 1s she cichs eee ge rtien’ sy gy) at a1 4e) « onesie oe oni a rete leprae ii riage? bite fatiaties aon Ja sepa sere ds fi urike Ch erid?. wen 2 Peevey oe Be o¢tti porris jaivl alleen anita: cole AN Geer ae iw ty iwi ais an . 24 le + teeta Pesifapare pent ts allewort Oru el Mien diotiss aticale fe itt {aty ’ revasey , nee wi Hissh tea forty ee, rear cy co a aati | a 1 one b me as ' va pa it ely Bit ire at ett) iva uP Sow. sleaeto' ) sete Bee, . ! iy (SOP) noua grosiled oalF\ cio0h Gag) mesnitadel geen Mics nih aes ia Sade rigveh hab ters =iV bidI91 OHIO srottt seth at L esddth sofa Yisitad taba 2 edb abhi amma ste bad osay fal mood soll 4 ' ry ee iP. a) > ee ee . Li § mock ure ls au ay Wet Lee ain, ae ms t it ho atiieheicritee ber 1 jeep ere nicray At es 2a tw hae de ; : ma vail ' eid vanave sAg) Bre aircon ger Ses top aera _ mobe We laqge}od on vimvetanlas riche i vineheateoe inal mapercin etc oe “py ines ideale alia a ahi 19 \ : ° : a oP - an fi r , : A ; : a>» a ra 7 : ¢ : : é Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor determined that the original finishes could not be adequately restored. They were left in place (except for the south wall), and new canvas, leaf, and glaze were applied over them. The existing wooden casework was repaired where necessary and refinished with all door and window hardware refitted. Windows were restored with new insulated glass. On the south and north walls the damaged backboard of the bookcase was replaced to match the surrounding existing bookcases. The existing wall sconces were retained with new glass globes to match the existing originals. On the south wall the existing metal FCU cover was restored with decorative paint to simulate wood paneling. The damaged plaster ceiling and left side panel of the window reveal on the south wall were replaced or repaired. On the west wall a new opening will be introduced with a new paneled door to allow for wheelchair access to the new lift. The ceiling mural was cleaned and restored by conservators from the Fogg Museum. Original Lecture Hall / New Periodical Bibliographic Center (410) The space, formerly known as the Lecture Hall, has undergone substantial alterations during Phase II. This work consisted of removal of the existing partition at the north openings, removal of the existing speakers, grilles in all bays, and casework, in order to re- plaster the walls and window reveals, install a new doorway to the Northwest Hall, and relocate the HVAC vents. The existing HVAC openings were blocked up and new openings were cut above. New bronze grilles were provided at the location of the new FCUs. A new marble base was installed. The existing marble doorframe on the east wall and Guastavino tile ceiling were cleaned. The new opening to the Northwest Hall included new marble frame matching the other existing frame and new wood doors. While the SBRA plans for Phase II indicated that the work in this room was to include a new book belt enclosure running west to east at the ceiling level, this apparently has not been executed. On all walls, new wood casework and cabinets with radiused crown molding were added. The north wall received new plaster walls to infill the existing stage opening. Original Patent Room & Statistical Department / New Northwest Corridor (414) In 1975, the Boston Public Library Patent Collection, which had long been housed at Emmanuel College and Newton College, was moved to the McKim building and located in this area.”” During Phase II work in progress at the time of this writing, this area was being converted from the Exhibit Room and historically the Patent Room to the upper floor of the Northwest Hall. This area provides the link between the Bates Hall Floor of the McKim building and the second level of the Johnson Building. During this work the existing ramp down to the Johnson Building was removed to make way for a new incline. The existing plaster and flooring were removed down to the masonry and concrete slab. This space received new plaster wall finish and marble base. The lower windows received new BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 255 i wits! ae~ veel Thanet vistenpals’ sd gait saat cen dotlgea vege sealy Ber esl deals Hie Atte barielciltons fe feneeso8, paerets get ot? socie Dynal yon Deena bese ay sSitA eo Loc alepe eer cnioa ened ods yo bias seshy oor dew boineet wave er this ‘ilies yee SOW Lenser enlieieg 200 Hew aap ar af). r Ss aig bogquoteh gil gered. one soe lie a) Say 4 6loert sera Glew Hind rit ne TAO j icoh balsqar wad ies DET botial at he whine mon brie beni ew tsi Sil “17 ist onl 11>) cepes? oiige rpotichll © Lore ie pe oof telipiedia geuaectenc wc lhetig cites, ee * woe ivan t a butler gitranes aris ty Tapa ta analngee eww et Mt wt Sat | ig otaebrval Geywetan boa aed Ta wb esling artes gemiaenee sity Yo | Lees n1eT aie Sid »? sp] A est : Le 4 up Va TOR wii 6 ith arn oft ag eth mehuely be % elise! oi a f r fred Qn balgohh ste Symi Jn eh yiitelag San ape!) AAV - eh ® Wey ii te MO ow : ast at {ye _ von WIP 730 iy aces Gai, Deas, siy> ora ; i138 , Herve teed ely (il) OHO TRIAD SUMAN | Ts tied ; ait 4 oti gies all bres ehotveurt baa : lek mowdnuA si oF Ringo ww ol ott papa ic’ oe Sits core om atl ° crib vr. fers) bre ormee? aire 26 bso oN mt old wari at £ ablotorth bu ct ovale) te dew’ Se perl) keptRione Ut gas 19) Alieig, AMS yh on tial vhen soderepe htt Jaret: Nptithns V4) Se (Ga OF lea gyno orty Snel Tweet ah oy fine ein iuty bein iin a) boa wee slew Vs ody oer Si rien ae wg hes erin ct ela Len jy sta Boe? coy shew Aa at ‘ipoiilys : on arily “ > > i? ' 'b) ’ ohana 2 teteningn wo," vray ot lve et nant! gral Deel coat oolnsting nats rid ree pertlteliaeel on sro vas 200d 2) tft i oh Hi hovayrneo Anis wae gsiz ade an aches wlele Ye va att to 4008 ssqquy gal} OF mood ieveae¢ mbar ods loo) Pe eareeey epneted Mt sidaaiant SAV thor nicl yD om : ont mail re WOE g 1) yeaidain ont mo ame . poneee att de dyonag hase ee geen nlf oF _ 7 ae, 7 wie isis saat i fh eee Vik * Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Bates Hall Floor marble sills. A new custom wood service desk was installed at the south wall, and there will be two new drinking fountains on the west wall. Original Stack 5 / New Periodical Department (415, 416) During Phase II, the partition separating rooms 415 and 416, the partition and door at the landing down to stairs, the built-in shelves, and the electric water coolers were all removed. New FCUs were installed between bays 3 and 4. New gypsum wall board, vinyl base, and metal bookcases were also installed. a | BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 256 ' raytt-baew itew syed oat} 1 oars sina , iy r Rey » a GO Gate ww bed iow sug et Lb bast epee v i : (Ob 218) pander he noe bi cokenag ali OF hewn d He apepe nies ic syow erpleos “new shogale sell ha arvokodta id. jeattesunl 4 r aes o< _ Boston Public Library McKim Building 8.0 1990s Project: McKim Building Historic Structure Report Interior: Special Library Floor 8.3.5 Special Library Floor Work on the top floor, or Special Libraries Floor, at the time of this writing is planned for Phase IIC. It was previously completed to the design development stage. The main objective of the Phase IIC work for this floor is to reopen many of the spaces to the public and provide full circulation, as originally intended. West Gallery (712) As part of the reorganization of the Research Library Departments, new openings were created for the Reference and Reading Rooms for Music and Fine Arts in the West Gallery. A new elevator was opened to facilitate accessibility of these departments. Original Barton Library / Charlotte Cushman Room (705) The area that had previously been used by the Music Department was refurbished once the Music and Fine Arts Departments relocated to the West Gallery. This space, previously called the Barton-Ticknor Room, was renamed the Charlotte Cushman Room to house materials on the theater donated by the Charlotte Cushman Club in Boston.” Dwiggins Gallery (704) An exhibition space was opened adjacent to the Rare Books and Manuscripts Department, an area that included the Dwiggins Gallery and the Serge Koussevitzky Exhibition area.”” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 257 petiah tht wae Oe! Oe “Fh Ga J epee? ew ) oery od 18 000 anton’ iweb npleaborl ot 2975 nine mxqoes eb aol dey Crolewahs Wes TULA Vet A hw ae - 9% To dol iA nas cul need bret hS ef aikiioe! OF youd\ il Puc) ® ) 2 > te, | pew peamicg.> way ht ool etl aes caine neG bel Poh eines oye atta Vweahlel) tan? SR a eef? bo i ¢ ,? ae ier: 4 ‘Ti ae Fal TAs | 0] Se ey ci) at Mise - or ta j j ; , J ij bd ry wa alike cero fere ‘ be aor ra dial Deo hoods iy OF Sex Bo hadidtiaame t . (iet) atieeted) oti "hn aaee 32210 @ A >a i ati aS? ct 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Compliance with ADA Requirements 9.3 Fire Safety 9.4 Elevator Safety 9.5 Secretary of the Interior’s Standards A fy * 7 ry # en PSI a i ic a ra es 7 hg es Rane oe inal A ike va Ll Ses. ne at ec: Bata PE teas ed tt 4 ans ' es y Le ee Wb Tg ee we Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance Rehabilitation is defined as: The act or process of making possible a compatible use for a property through repair, alterations, and additions while preserving those portions or features which convey its historical, cultural, or ; 568 architectural values.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 263 i" ota ' i: ey - cae Toh ; ‘ ce / obo GARDE a ine: Jip OO AFI ee i ink . P Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance 9.1 INTRODUCTION A construction project as extensive and costly as the restoration and renovation of the Boston Public Library triggers many levels of review and compliance. In addition to complying with the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties due to the use of State and Federal funding, the Library had to meet various State and local building and safety codes. This involved asbestos removal and lead paint abatement in areas affected by construction; compliance with the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA); and compliance with fire detection, suppression, and egress codes and elevator safety codes. Consistent with the philosophy recommended by The Building Official and Code Administrator, Shepley Bullfinch Richardson and Abbott (SBRA) “involved local officials early on” to resolve code conflicts during the design development phase. When making provisions in the building code for historic buildings, such as the Boston Public Library, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts adopted a “performance” approach. This approach attempted to strike a balance between code compliance and historic preservation by providing guidance for the architects and code officials without actually trying to determine the solutions. The architects of SBRA and the City of Boston’s Inspectional Services Department worked in collaboration to develop creative solutions and appropriate alternatives that recognized the value and importance of both life safety and preservation issues. Life safety categories that required analysis included: fire rating of corridor partitions; extent of automatic alarms; capacity of exits; and maximum travel distances. Accessibility issues that needed to be assessed included: building and site entrances; surface textures; widths and slopes of walkways; parking; grade changes; size, weight, and configurations of doorways; interior corridors and paths of travel restrictions; elevators; and public toilets and amenities. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 258 ivf} ¢ 4 vaioror” { Aethe) Moni 2 na 4 é ‘> heed, wippov sake TH cD Te yechinne ‘wet Ghia beste Sly af ¥itiad hel y xotiggain, Sr wands Io dove iment witwed ehichne? etoheigl sith] ath pe her? levstet nes ape by * ; ‘esis o> ated? | rm nitt ishoa we sapien? ork eee oo siedi Ceres Corer eee , tt>ap at Gor) elie’ « jenny Gated areas. ty il iden — raph - i bobs a aver lagi 4 iw at ei 7 bing sosbeskal baat? ro arene a any EST yes’ pies! sd mnie ios) gry senMohsey Sr Obit Vel indy ot ale vaya “aster ed” @¢ bamgobe eyeal Videowite seh HOMO>D 4905 1 oto tase w oa.2 co bey oe Thovtrhewshifto obs bis Ups Fol g2uAbi-ys be nals Io vik. i set SANZ io eecouisk , gents) cae Vell Sg . bisgleng Prigt> ces} weeks oO) sicily nied aller | srdicnagstl aie w swear Ty OTA srige git) bail it sig Qorw ee eee oon pay ie : 09 FO NaH SON agi el ge, ieiie Bey ROI wes vivant id bebo lod § » aah? geaindal! aii TOIZO0G 9/1! 46 Ea {4neai4/ be = q Sieh: level ie tig) hae eae ' Sinn Wh Niet Qin ls Piniels -efu rsten abet das Sey Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance 9.2 COMPLIANCE WITH ADA REQUIREMENTS SBRA began the process of compliance with local and state ADA requirements by inviting the Massachusetts Architectural Barriers Board (now the Architectural Access Board) to tour the McKim building and part of the Johnson Building in April of 1988. This meeting was followed up by a request for variances for the following sections: e Section 26.1, relating to the primary entrance on Dartmouth Street. Code compliance required an access ramp to ascend the height of the platform steps. The variance requested would permit the Library to avoid constructing a new ramp and to continue to use and acknowledge the entrance into the Johnson Building as the main accessible entrance with its direct proximity to handicapped parking. e Section 27.7, relating to the doors of the historical rooms. Code compliance requires the thresholds of the doors to be flush with floor surface. As the doorways presently exist, the marble thresholds project 3/4 inch up from the floor level. e Section 28.2, relating to the projection of tread nosing of Stairs #2, 3, & 4. e Section 28.3, relating to the wall rails of Stairs #1 & 4 that do not extend 12 inches beyond the top and bottom of the risers. e Section 28.4, relating to the handrails of Stair #4 which, according to the code, exceed the maximum width of 2 inches and have a molded shape. e Given the architectural significance of the McKim building, all of the variances requested were based on historic considerations. Drawings produced by SBRA for presentation to the Architectural Access Board illustrated the existing conditions and the existing architectural barriers prior to construction. These conditions were compared with the proposed handicapped accessibility solutions resulting in the first phase, as well as those fully completed through Phase II. Ata hearing held on June 27, 1988, the Architectural Access Board reviewed the materials submitted and voted to grant the variances. Phase I restoration and renovation work included much of the ground floor spaces and reclaiming spaces for public use in the basement level. This work also included the replacement of the existing elevator and the installation of public restrooms on the basement level. The new elevator provided easy access to all public floors in the McKim building. Those barriers not addressed during Phase I continued in the work of the second phase. The intention of Phase II was to restore the public passageway along the entire north and east wings. In addition, with the construction of the new northwest corner entrance hall, it was necessary to create a clear, barrier-free path from the Johnson Building to Bates Hall that negotiated all the changes in floor levels. To address these changes in floor BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 259 eosin nanan oi “aed \ a if inal ye sereerocwiiener ACA oiaaa San fens ihe souathge . i | ieee vwapek teva on! win} trieodl einer 2 —— vty me 7 - oie i: mT » rg Ad saihlint pops] ge HYo% rs ie bethlindi As aly ood ; ve ye They rally ci? ascontat teed wae ye de nn walla 5 we on) 7 ) pwede dpegntt ae) (oO 92TH, anneal ie “Lay aa 4 i : 1 phan ot Ooare OF Gare Nays Fe ombags: soc (x3 — . rn ton Suerte Vie] sib Paria bibont coupe ny ideal a ane sorutia® $b apenas 138 ot 9 “nye anti 2 é vesitietast | mpriricwern) eye! iia Petra i Te ea eines? wats 2 Peay fT ee ee ee 4 rly Ot gibtaty: %S asks i Av: , ott eA pontine aoe chit ran edad erone shy aleltegaele set ering as 7 "1 iat b's ia Ls deel ets ie eect RE) c3h wn ren ro : LP Oe iste Wo gion te colanjong 2ihiy Grama ORS neinee> tte 0 icait'b> 2 TS ene jo. mie ligw vit oF pnts Eat rola’ i. cvpals ort ier Pee Ciyiat eps 4) nici ,, a oititrh.o a8 ates) eto diewibrad WOR lise 7 's bahtam a wes ie eat & cs ities bLasree Shes Ln (le ccfttibe aula old i pote ‘nab Lagetiaridyt a outs Pens 4 (eee ahd eed oa Ty 70 howe Fi honswpett en ae ~~ A 4} ; : aN ae boon A latils vane 215 ( WORRISEP AD ih RIB G8 Yorarbor ae ott hearts QoOrey 90. bak 19RD Tg ysAlahes octt beg Laie ia h let) ae sit Ww au qits Te i Bes bed orn pabdt ots J PES Ps } . . afte “A i off) an 47 4 |S wid u's a feed Ween, ‘nil ’ i; Ooehoiv got sr gik tevuiosirs > Saet <6 orl ge blad yuivesd @1A" My ett ounyeities aU sere: a. hoatend Jona er on A9 tba hh ie P= a ? Lie Welt hryorg aad bF doen bs bveipt are. com i hobulsnd bela i ove wat. ters! ahersted ot} ni’ sis ae ores pull aw aplin ibet wilt bre’ his Ld100t) Si Ug Ob e254 Yano betavona- wa Joa dave pelea bout trey sect, jonah cat i ¢ =) , = 1 sagt om epee wales sinsgisiayioacene ioumadee wet? f a Witg aoe bie h iyvul sserenio 211, SPATE EIN, sab te abit at PA he A Q ‘eel ti ote a posal fie tis fedtepilas ee i cn eee ap sa itn ato oT . iA ree Oe ap arn ii % | > " : al - | / ak: Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance levels, modifications to stairways and the installation of wheel chair lifts were required. The plans presented to the Architectural Access Board clearly illustrated that in each location where a staircase was a barrier for a direct path, an elevator, lift, or ramp was located within close proximity. Elevators that had previously been inaccessible, due to door widths or cab size, were altered or replaced to meet the necessary standards. Much effort was made to insure a universal, primary, horizontal circulation path. However, where an alternate circulation path was necessary, for example to approach a lift or elevator, this path was made independently accessible and as close to the main route as was possible. OrsheekIRE SARELY SBRA began the review process for fire code compliance in the summer of 1988. This process was initiated when the City Building Commissioner refused to grant a building permit for the proposed restoration work. This refusal was based on the determination that the building and the proposed work was in violation of the Massachusetts State Building Code, Statute 1972, Chapter 802. The following sections were cited as code violations: e Section 2203.7 addressing the number of exits such that any existing building shall provide at least two means of egress at every story; e Section 2203.8 concerning the capacity of exits; e Section 2203.11 addressing the installation of fire alarm systems; and e Section 2203.12 addressing the enclosure of stairways. Under the current fire safety codes, open stairways were prohibited except in one- and two-family dwellings or unless otherwise permitted by Article 6. New partitions or construction added to fully enclose a stairway were required to provide a minimum fire- resistance rating of one hour. All doors in the enclosure are required to be self-closing and tight-fitting with approved hardware. Following the denial of the building permit, a request for a variance was submitted to the Board of Appeal of the City of Boston. A formal appeal was also presented to the Board on August 23, 1988. The principal relief sought by the Library centered on the requirement that egress stairways be enclosed. In particular, the Library proposed not to enclose the grand central stairway of the McKim Building or use it as a necessary exit. Exclusion of this stairway as an exit in no way effected the capacity or number of exits for the building. The architects proposed alternate methods for fire detection and BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 260 bieriempies Ky esti! whi is wade to nal sat ia me ail ; bale hae soc aqietl) phteals tev ages US iA ts ti HS AE Ainey ee w vt >t" ae ous: | rhonce ert come viueterg bid sal peters ae sretsgaaeet i ; mie a et epee tet eae gs sant eee ‘ial - wa . poled auad anasired nai leerieet ee + baits ; shored 16) ieee ver eae Areas agin courte tag aed tte apa (ev toot, aad (16 y a i aL. Hid be r ta : I+ se Gna eich osyak Viniebiiery a —_ ie Aan 4 eae saie | . ic Pa onthe 2 i) 4: aot) seat 05 HM ya naapalagivber pals cap AS ieee qo detiflon neizaien nan? Qe ae? sity mai: Hozals ie awe ae . es bneod save laeviar ait 7 - ao 20: rege ae cn acy it? ea oF waht ad) lo nobelot: ai cew chow Gee Nan geri rriy © eriveisliol r ivy wd be aves : tT acak Ohi _ } = — — uty | . ” ey gail) (oe ie lo mdicrrt gilt pee SS ncisvad th ms ye,” P : oe -y + nied $ : é ‘ : ; | no yeee? 1s Aeris 10 Ae ae ea eer $4129 P4RID fs Lana oi ata ii sheet 7 ct - atunie Ae a bo Alinta ut act J? wiinihie Thi0s2 pte ae ie ah all sOOTLA ir G Weal'i-y, <1 ska raat. 8 2 ne r : | 4 » Se ' 7 pre : aL vakeldiikes wath a ehindA id bobion: a Pin en eer aS Tinahe pe val malrre 2 Arne oo pra yitie Veer ake * jeatogha idle ot wa loy, Se tales ‘ Anyi tal tay Ep seny see mimoalsis al? pal sot Ay aunt aos Sito 4 re’ chit % Me ut ounce eee gg eertRy Oe Naw PRT & HATE | - - )if pod. aah ee etree Oe non desqat lena A ct) It it te faeee ab, eitht wit ed a or ia tietoge squeal ehacaienere Drei be im Cuotmape Ong pall wpe mite id af i) ed TA rocket sorpinetye ym Be nied a haere oh waned te +siie boende Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance suppression, and demonstrated how these alternate methods would benefit the public safety. These alternative methods included installation of smoke detectors above and beyond those required, installation of Fire Department standpipes up through the building with numerous Fire Department valves, introduction of sprinklers in all public areas below grade, a new fire alarm system, and an agreement to maintain a library emergency evacuation plan. Upon review of the Library’s proposal, the Board of Appeal found that the work would increase public safety of the historic building. They recognized that strict compliance of the existing Building Code was unwarranted and that no hazard would be presented to the occupants of the building by granting the variances requested. Furthermore, literal enforcement of the Building Code would alter the architectural integrity of the significant historic structure. The rooms on the Basement level were equipped with a wet-pipe sprinkler system, since below-grade rooms are the most difficult to access to fight and extinguish a fire. Sprinklers were also installed in the renovated public circulation areas, such as Rooms 223 and 414 of the Northwest Corridor. Other methods were employed to increase the fire safety by means of detection, suppression and egress. Detection methods included the installation of smoke detectors and alarm devices. The smoke detectors installed in the Boston Public Librarv are all of the photoelectric type with a transmitter that shoots a light beam to a receiver. When smoke particles scatter or lower the intensity of the light beam, the receiver responds with an alarm. Photoelectric detectors have been installed in rooms 214, 215, 223, 406, and 410. Also, two layers of gypsum wall board were installed at the ceiling in rooms 218 and 410, and intumescent paint was used on the exposed metal truss in room 410 as additional means of fire suppression. 9.4 ELEVATOR SAFETY Phase I work called for the replacement of the existing main cage elevator cab that was in violation of the State Building Code. McKim’s original design incorporated an open-cage wrought-iron cab that was lit by daylight as it moved from one floor to the next. The elevator shaft on the central courtyard side included windows at the various floor levels. These windows not only illuminated the elevator cab but allowed light to pass through to the elevator lobbies. With the Building Code requiring the removal of the open cage design, the architects felt very strongly about restoring one very important element associated with the original design—the re-introduction of natural light into the cab. The State Elevator Inspector in the Department of Public Safety noted during his inspection, on March 16, 1994, that the existing windows in the hoistway or shaft were in violation of 524 CMRC and the new glass in the elevator cab was in violation of Rule 204.1h. The architects responded by requesting a variance to allow the existing window in the hoistway BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 261 - dloey onieaiernd binow ehurizaas pee Fide vies ntdoss 4 dontéo acigall at en qu asqiqhnade rr 4 He op esting) * “Layee oes ited Wedagats ot nearmenengs ret bee (At rf isvaa7, rol) ott. hire y yards! iets 16 wesibver “iT Quali sivas o1is'to yoshie seidiaag “ee i) bore beneviwdre eee ahoD geabtigd rime Int Xe sot pecans oO gilbliue 41 ie-aeaquies iy ves bhusow seo qiiks! in) site trantonelt ue uloirun prreearet rae awera Soca pe *i spice ivwoe sre tocseihesn nel ot & tifugitiiet Dusk ulye of tepae rectally | fy ar i554 26916 aciriesrr oli chet haigron? oele sin: 20s ih ce bos iatns 209" shentiam sable - bei a babulon! dbase AG yoapot! ergs Ce as, Ufigt sel % , 4 ot baltligend erone eb afew 2 T 22> Anse DORE yale 4 aloutle nett yavitnesiéy «cine eq shiioslsolorig ee, vi sit to qlteotn! adit eee 20 sone epiphany loom ea sh hoed avast Hossa 22M aoIOL’ ames ae af Olt » 2° Penprvey 4) Sled ae! so Nolin yee bised ~ ros peered (eats benacepme Bet af t er Seep Ar . aoa) ae CeuieRepe Swe orp hagths fanigne emis, etl sxaa ott oF eet! ane aol bower: tt ot 4 Jen sah cuore? Sit ts zielnie bebo Gal ahi few Ot -iquser) ty Renny OO Appl Herren hie dee nearer Vt NT Ob oy tn Termndiet ott qetlagirs SD 4 hyn tin TAA NOQMt YS" eee 1 att | Gm ait odok schgil Iigetttiegs a bee ects jae" | atl qaitvted dens ba AT to melieisteo; soww flere ro amv ve he Tre wT (42.208 slut inal al ct ii won a 8 sida ru boaeharia eevee rs rae ore) ay ro | ar oe ea Laer ol ve Sait >>% - e= Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 9.0 1990s Project: Code Compliance to remain and by agreeing to use 5/16-inch laminated safety glass with wire grilles on the inside of the window openings of the cab. 9.5 SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR’S STANDARDS In addition to the various regulations for local and State codes, it was necessary during the Phase II work to comply with the standards of the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the National Park Service (NPS). The Library, as a National Historic Landmark and a private, non-profit organization, had applied for and received a grant to support the restoration and rehabilitation of Bates Hall as part of the larger restoration and rehabilitation project already underway. As part of the agreement for the grant award, the Library agreed to comply with all applicable regulations and procedures governing Federal grants as well as the applicable Secretary of the Interior’s Standards, which were followed for the entire building as well. The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties distinguishes between the definitions and standards for Preservation, Rehabilitation, and Restoration. These definitions were clearly taken into consideration when formulating the Preservation Zones described in Section 8.0. Zone | relates to Restoration, depicting a property at a particular period of its history; Zone 2 relates to Preservation, the maintenance and repair of existing historic materials; and Zone 3 relates to Rehabilitation, altering a property due to the changing uses, while still retaining the property’s historic character. Restoration is defined as: The act or process of accurately depicting the form, features, and character of a property as it appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of features from other periods in its history and reconstruction of missing features from the restoration period. The limited and sensitive upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties functional is appropriate within a restoration project.” Preservation is defined as: The act or process of applying measures necessary to sustain the existing form, integrity, and materials of an historic property. Work, including preliminary measures to protect and stabilize the property, generally focuses upon the ongoing maintenance and repair of historic materials and features rather than extensive replacement and new construction. New exterior additions are not within the scope of this treatment; however, the limited and sensitive upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties functional is appropriate within a preservation project.” BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 262 Cimernd: Coc) (ee ekhht Of rr ean ’ cere ay pAb) hoe orrintnt Hanh - >) Ow 98 Awl aahvoy sete has jacwal S008 i cid shidtlkl gente ads ccc 34 ioe é om treet Dat), Ae e 7 2) bien oo) Dotings bad olin » tye sal ey peed ee Nell mela momen 2 NC Thani oe OP AG Pies o vow oleng, ye o hes oro Caiifwn sides ie hace olay re fey ae . ich oleods Wy Yes silsodgue on iv vu 4a $F APTS 7s var yorsely yore TO FOP “ld pol ichipiees= \* 114! oy ie Ys rey yous “2 PDE tg by nace ie7s Orato. 2h sou be 4s ) ANCL 5 iT UE aoteead tH tie sas Seruya art Np ”) . Sttal Mita s ratayy we ere at | esa wahunetta St on nae io 1 ibn Fite Pere) | ere ere gr loath mpi Ome eee he Save BT? i eh ve od he F rienti AT. Dolev met anasto run etl Seine . 4 lrethunwerihend nS bre acn'slewa Gcriitty ig at t rn cae at ivy ress @ niebbegy 4 rn hii.) pra od) wll: ol yea EF bl hh bi vine by (Sopa an le ae a ae miley genteel ovat att a , 7 vi igh bes ; i? iotes Kine sae pteagt Reng fee er eee ime olred eo wed” wrofha tun wa hada ag iv sam eet sa obiadd wh Pare frie aod aad Wrens ast ia «i f ey, tapes pnlepe een ‘ ® i % vi) ty . | My soe see e A uate _ ~~ oe 7 ’ ; : has at ; ‘ = ~ . 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines 10.1 General Guidelines 10.2 Record Keeping 10.2.1 Building Maintenance Log 10.2.2 File Records 10.2.3 Maintenance & Inspection Schedules 10.3. Inspections 10.3.1 Exterior Inspections 10.3.2 Interior Inspections 10.4 Interior Materials & Finishes of the McKim Building ¢ ae at ch he Pret 4 risa late ] : ‘ palms Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation and Maintenance Guidelines 10.1 GENERAL GUIDELINES The following guidelines should be followed when undertaking any work on the building: 1. Understand the nature of both the dirt and the surface to be cleaned before proceeding with any cleaning operations. Cleaning should never be so aggressive that it results in damage to the material being cleaned. no Only use the mildest workable method and cleaning solution in each instance, although this may require more time or effort. 3. Refer to historical precedent regarding how the materials have been cared for before choosing a new custodial process. 4. Research and test the suitability of new products before permitting their widespread use on an historic building. Seek the experience of others before proceeding. Begin work in the less sensitive, less valuable areas of the structure. 5. In certain instances, historic building materials and finishes may be better preserved if they are allowed to remain dirtier than custodial standards would otherwise permit. 6. Always consult an architectural conservator prior to undertaking cleaning to remove specific stains or soiling. 10.2 RECORD KEEPING 10.2.1 Building Maintenance Log The Building Maintenance Log is a record of all inspections, routine maintenance work, and repairs performed on the building, as outlined in the following sections. The Building Maintenance Log entries should be keyed to drawings as required for clarity. These drawings should be kept with the Log. The following information should be included in every maintenance record entry: 1. Materials/Finishes. 2. Date of inspection and/or maintenance work. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 264 it Oa y otis ‘ P iv oF i se Ma Y é ei A Se. r ‘y 7 == Y - - i 7 > » cqurvedl od Deedee roa fepadi'h a ; bi] ‘eh oui a : . i. amie i : wy) Pa he mH ¢ ; 7 ae tie. om a vIN? 9th ie be -_ Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines 3. Name of the company or persons performing the work. 4. Condition of building elements. 5. Repair work done and products used. 6. Correspondence regarding work performed by outside contractors and professionals. 7. Future work needed. Building maintenance should be based on the charts developed by Building Conservation Associates, Inc., for individual rooms in the McKim Building of the Boston Public Library. These charts list specific materials and finishes used for various elements in the room and are included in Appendix 11.13 of this report. They should be updated as needed prior to any maintenance or restoration work. A record of the documentation listed here should be kept with the Building Maintenance Log. 10.2.2 File Records Files containing the following information should be maintained and updated: e Relevant technical details including the products used, product data sheets, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). e Manufacturer's printed instructions or literature. e All drawings, blueprints and shop drawings stored in flat files. A set of all available drawings of all work completed by an outside contractor, as well as a record of proposed future work. The drawings should be catalogued with dates of work performed or proposed, and the names of the designer and contractor. e Warranties for materials and guarantees for work performed. e Record of spare materials kept on site. 10.2.3 Maintenance and Inspection Schedules A schedule of routine maintenance and inspections should be kept. The dates and locations of inspections, routine cleaning, and maintenance should be recorded on the calendar along with the record of all light-duty repairs. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 265 | 1@ lot Te HON? Soares (4 boner af ‘* os ) oor OTL eel Donoiaral mts he i head 12 Moy ables) ca ipel pedi tee Bertie widloly’ ah af eiipay, if fy od @finerelo eee ta) besa hsiath bos @ os we + wi bontieus od Blaiele coil, Pico cle She : 4 oun ae bor Oaad? ¢. oor Oe ral AOllCS) right sera Saarrreds ot befeenghe ated! Lt | cote uf) ¢ wakes a iorpeie, et tueog baat aethoig atl se i eae 419: | . ‘Pe eH wnat “ep ees PRaeredl ay AglA sme lat a] & ola 26 beads vitatD ot bit eopet £ eo Bw ae WL ine Beaper ‘An va & j Pe a On ae ‘VOlws hour 4) eae o As «DT YO few sd buinita ryote AN” abi sadn ( ere ers 5 Lhe Otae giant iL) 0 eat ‘ie ny \ oa oe iia 308 i > _ ane or 7) Lererntad rc two saline ie eel =~? ine cisiod BRA se siunitdaastoseeas baat wil raligu ia *7 | hala sateen HAR: Prlnayny 40% igi a Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines A regular schedule of field inspections of all areas of the building, including all roof areas should be maintained. The location of each inspection should be indicated on drawings and areas of inspection should be photographed for documentation purposes. Implementation of the schedules and activities identified in the following sections on inspection and maintenance will ensure that damage and deterioration of elements is noted in a timely manner and will reduce the risk of serious damage to either interior or exterior building elements. 10.3. INSPECTIONS 10.3.1 Exterior Inspections Exterior inspections should be conducted on a regularly scheduled basis as described below. Other exterior inspections should be conducted in the late spring or early summer. During this time weather conditions permit the effects of winter storms and spring rains to be assessed with sufficient time available to conduct necessary repairs. Elements that conduct water should be examined during a rainfall. If this is not possible, a water source should be accessible in order to simulate the passage of water through these elements. Weekly Inspections Inspect: For Front Doors/Other main entrance Scratches, abrasions, vandalism. Loose hardware. metalwork Other Entrances Scratches, abrasions, vandalism. Loose hardware. Door glass Breakage. Soiling. Light fixtures Non-working light bulbs. Wall surfaces Graffiti, vandalism. Monthly Inspections Inspect: For: Drains and strainers Blockages/accumulated debris. Leaders Blockages. Disconnections. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 266 eetties Ute gree huintvagl aiid yisioaiiala te agate) ov tows het ad Mids gobaganal erp, telgioxmumogh wi ¢ = \oemons > gooectligt eds ai befieaht paling ) gto iv a hing ash hag tafe ior) vm we Gis ¥ y Sia) Btateey lo Meet Ol ws e inet bolubelso: viiduger 4 1 her seq vhine a iim anki at foauineed od bigodte alban vine eigen he 2tsatio wh) Jive Houibans ry ' “ateou Jyvtiqos of sideltesn sos ooh «yj ote eu i Cette: & gon hansen ot ividicnste ns i TIGW TO “ae Ve Sr arume ul rable Ai victim! live con Wray: MORE “Paine aasal aes ern aly 296) vr, Meth aed supe saoiwede aegis es, Mi a = ntl Le gibi ae tk ate hig qeoavenave os veya eEd oy ap 14 Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Quarterly Inspections Inspect: 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines For. Leaders Semi-Annual Inspections Inspect: Blockages. Disconnections. For. Roofing System Roof and areaway drains Strainers Masonry adjacent to roofing systems Marble/granite copings Caulking at skylights, windows and doors Glazing in skylights Annual Inspections Inspect: Cracked or dislodged clay tiles. Corrosion, lifting or separation at metal seams. Bare spots, bubbles, soft spots, wrinkling, blisters, tears and holes in EPDM membrane. Alligatoring and open joints at bituminous seams. Blockages and damage. Correct installation. Accumulated debris. Moisture, efflorescence, biological growth and eroded mortar (indicators of leaks in roofing systems). Cracked, damaged, or loose units. Condition of sealant. Evidence of deterioration, including pulling away from edges. Paint condition. Cracked units. For: Window and door hardware and moveable parts Windows Window sealant and glazing putty Window panes All exterior surfaces Granite Brick Mortar Chimney BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC General condition. Paint condition. Damaged weather stripping and air leakage. Deteriorated or missing. Broken glass. Heavy staining and soiling. Graffiti. Condition of expansion joints. Cracks and spalls. Displacement. Stains, cracks, spalls. Cracking, erosion, and losses. Cracks. Displacement. Page 267 yeginn | gle quiaryte> sll sky leprae)" ‘ meet anil W PEGA DR 4 asl“) el -4Nas vied us cifihey tag Sad preaeeTs Sena MRT 7, geri tah, © el PAY “a? ee Dd i fe © ppebba ine nsec ont inky ah = ' Correa ite teal cy ae i ‘tee DIA Te ie eee ah re ; ate to rihitann? sti Sowd OSes Ae arr r° ) grays > yAliiw (hij) su) JM gtewree') iF sti wv Peer a eels palittrs aliew bilan p’ qlhgey ) i. 0, a 4 7 in \ —! BAla te ™ - —_—- 7 _— 204 ec ee G2 = © ' eer! eee esa Asayaine nyct ae i a -_ TALL an satbeee} J A ry ay \ 4 ° ’ a as me j " is ys ne a © i] YT - 7 1 4 7 a 5) ; Pi ly 66 : ; De oe Tr aa be » le acusitatecs.) vend), sitleay won sed see Alle ie aire digas! diner how kien ea ——< ee —_ —» gflinee besigeervieid 9 ne i i al ieee tea? naira = has uni ~ iperth se —_ -—=-to= <= ee one -~e@ HA! Sdingdati ese oo (eRe GAY igt 1 BPS ae ae vivid Tretetets any ri) Ve (ait ie is | veins C3 qbeiriell wchpebeerreeite ta DRDO ‘he a4 mip erty yeaa e 0) awd Weletet 6 a miei] ee : . ; ; i ver: Med al bd he band ip oar og eal hued Frese Sipe ce ah betel ef Sage tnt greeny ona \/ wildy back : oe ar Testa ) bei han yi? Dna ness sislrea (te 1 5rPianee ieichifad ho 4 ape, AeIpaeeS “La giv aaviaye ' bpeeenp ant rite wer Lady e’ ove tle SA et 2 419 pf ote se S= aan ais yyes & oth Atal of sents hoe re . dose ere ae ee en daneee tal at rt site ediey slots ane Re Ag UN ele es borteain =e enividcng 17 soieaha de aw m sill vel Legare & ann Medd gy SE waopes exsiiene ave nua nn scoot ane ellie wort ay & ot Leeper 2d Ae io aretha 1h Lsepna’ tym eh quilting ht ita te prod ine oO ui : opera tris avi " peal ay sy VN aoeent ys be ee Sie ae nan Pais ois 1 Cia = tt a ae mie if f, Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Masonry: Gutters and Leaders Ponding or standing water General Soiling Graffiti Spalls and cracks 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines Clear debris from gutters on a regular basis. Verify that gutters are pitched appropriately towards drains or leaders. Clear blockages with a stream of water or a length of flexible rod. Severely clogged leaders should only be disassembled as a last resort by a roofing contractor. Minor deflections can be repaired in-house; severe deflections should be serviced by a roofing contractor. Ponding or standing water and malfunctions of the flashing or adjacent roofing should be repaired by a roofing contractor. Following an initial cleaning, masonry will require cleaning every 3-5 years. Cleaning on a regular basis will allow for the use of less aggressive cleaning methods and more expeditious results. Determine cause of staining (water, copper run-off). Repair leak if possible. Evaluate need to remove stain. Low pressure (less than 100 psi) water may be sufficient to remove soiling and minor stains. An outside contractor is necessary for higher pressure water washing, chemical cleaning and stain removal. Always test for appropriate methods whether work is completed in-house or by an outside contractor. Remove graffiti within 24 hours using an outside contractor. Clean architecturally delineated sections of masonry or metal to avoid uneven cleaning. The spalls should be reviewed by a masonry specialist and repairs should be made by a qualified masonry restoration contractor. Sealant: Cracks, drying, holes. Expansion joints Cut out minor defects in sealant and install new sealant of same type. For large jobs, use outside contractor. Inspect regularly. Repair or resealing of expansion joints should be completed by outside contractor. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 269 : > ree (4 Wea Copter gh 14 lo Atom BO Pw oC eum De Se tie bene pe ees ht chee teas } i! Ogi ag wo woetn aptertyonttahs se ‘lie: avpe We Rape fans erate Tad paiaw (ye thien qian a al Ronde 9d tiiprls elie Pe — @-a —e, & ep -—t0e— === ines than ere gnitee!) (eal ne. n wt yt Ohig Hw alae padeyges 2 0 Que Arete ve hota? Ge Rew eberiw yi aly Sarge a Teen) deqeecs Cert) poets Ne OL) eee cru & *| ss eimai wee | wed vide Wh litte Stee oir Fie rr bilan aa Pe Be ee salle 5 ilierae manly a oy a al yrviseesen Se vow boars ; ¥ iy bis Ga Dou aaitov ated erie acl Otte chy MG, ‘pete 1a" ie a. el val ai) ath =A uw ee iL 7 qd. aa> 4 _ —" are eee > > — oe vv elon wade |Lciraiey ig ii sisi fh servogt inte oO aire chess. 4 Tele ee. Ee tL iw ow" a he ! wi Tt A ¢ P : a - Te eo ee a ey jap haupers 7 nr a Oo Pp a) ale /ighs ea born @owyae a >. mri, . ; _ * At be ee Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines 103332 Interior Inspections Interior inspections should be conducted on a regularly scheduled basis. The schedule will vary based on whether or not the spaces in question are in use on a day-to-day basis and on the number of people using the space. Interior inspections are less dependent upon seasonal changes than exterior inspections. However, any large cracks, losses, or other signs of water infiltration noted on the exterior should be investigated at the same time from the interior to determine the extent of damage to interior materials. Interior spaces should be inspected monthly for a period of six months following repairs to exterior waterproofing elements, as there is often a delay between the time damage is noted on the exterior and when signs of water damage appear on interior surfaces. Weekly Inspections Inspect: For: Marble floors and veneers Soil, stains, scratches, abrasions. Terrazzo floors Soil, scratches, abrasions. Carpet floors Soil. Light fixtures Non-working light bulbs. Monthly Inspections Inspect: For: Marble floors and veneers Soil, stains, scratches, abrasions. Terrazzo floors Soil, scratches, abrasions or cracks. Ceramic tile floors Soil, scratches, cracks. Dull finish. Loose or missing grout. Resilient tile floors Soil, scratches, indentations, tears. Lifting from substrate. Carpet floors Soil, rips or lifting at seams. Light fixtures Non-working light bulbs. Doors Loose or inoperable hardware. Soil, scratches, abrasions. Detached finishes. Broken or loose glass. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 270 stahorlse al? satel hestirtvede Land rcp eteah co te a Mm ve ne ' “jee ote «s pete expats Tenopmes are Hee >) eo. belea oO Rael > ohaer WA ge WA, whey Ol! Shireigdah oyna! wi) meri att! Sees ajo oe eutrered bostarane el blydga qege dorsi c ov wah oo .Ganmaly galowagrie tlre steals ivtew de etals emiw bas tohnanes silt m7 bos —— i A ct OE yD = dieata Piote silos Sell lpaecae feta alanavile sahemine lind - Tea” dhe wig h aired 8] i“ A ‘ we - a) Ww “b> — ~—_—— —_ ———— —_— cvndtedres 2a dete “_ + ede o a) » | oan hes 7 ions 4 oo Sele Jw eT > iy Lawn ac ae! stein) jratt tl rexs sail ete . } ite . mi t si Ay ~*~ is neg iL! oan, spesraetie acne ie sr b wy oe comin gia ot el oa eo asennds gate’ jied ptwobei | rare sac hanleag 4 : L - of oad Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines Semi-Annual Inspections Inspect: For: Marble floors and veneers Loose or missing grout. Condition of polish. Flat plaster wall surfaces Soil, stains. Cracks in plaster or painted finishes. Wet or crumbly surfaces. Detached finishes. Brick wainscot Soil, stains, abrasions. Loose or missing mortar. Efflorescence or cracks. Painted canvas walls Soil, stains. Detachment from substrate. Rips and tears. Handrails Connection to wall. Soil, scratches. Loss of finish. Ornamental metals within reach of Soil, scratches, vandalism. Condition of finish. pedestrian traffic Windows Soil. Hardware operation. Surface coating condition. Cracked, loose or missing sealant and/or glazing putty. Loose, damaged or missing weather stripping. Wood casework Dull, soiled or scratched finish. Damaged or missing parts. Annual Inspections Inspect: For: Flat plaster ceiling surfaces Soil, stains. Cracks in plaster or painted finishes. Wet or crumbly surfaces. Detached finishes. Ornamental plaster surfaces Soil, stains. Cracks in plaster or painted finishes. Wet or crumbly surfaces. Detached finishes. Loose or detached ornament. Hardware Correct function. Missing elements. Loose elements. Dull, soiled, or scratched finish. Leather upholstered doors Soil, rips, abrasion. Detached or lifting at seams. Surface finish. Biannual Inspections Inspect: For. Flat plaster ceiling surfaces Soil, stains. Cracks in plaster or painted finishes. Wet or crumbly surfaces. Detached finishes. Ornamental plaster surfaces Soil, stains. Cracks in plaster or painted finishes. Wet or crumbly surfaces. Detached finishes. Loose or detached ornament. Light fixtures Soil. Condition of finish. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 271 = — «> ew tela - etiam Bt cots warty ae To ria va i tl? vodbeber”t desi sare Pew peli. > peice 7 imoqinds eves ee Be “ <2 eerceg tee og caplet Bit adaeurinad irate fl le ape ho aml nce ied! Abae ot auton o ny (prat esititrs) «einige une Sind ; : ‘ ey in ¢ sla yr goer) 241d sane “Hewhaglt tay’ : at “4? ‘cos °6' Dre relies, ghia 14 bord d fred wed, 7 pry Ge Tiel pg gi) 20 eggs eee »(eak rik Peel shun) stg Wo elie ied ; eq : = pdohign tn golines Te i ns Privet fi ik fey ty 5 8 Au ) gitcpia oe 2 ° we) gaiting | g/t pti 1) tenet pall Poa) WA ati Tighe _ { dn) wai whew Wer siege ort ohana, Tags TT val ne ie Te ae ir baifeerwid etaatiue yy) FAciag ; j . 7 reefing YO ‘ > tas)! Sirepelthy qa) eiby. | HOLY ool foyavdad ; Ay Tu ree Nelli fad i gutted goat er trator elt el GON eae ' a ; i =F - — oom Samer @ ty a7" ¥ sodanett Weta Yo beseeey OF Mpetd | ont emene hwtawoet) sanaie® 15% gotleyiil Ona tly UT aba? je echt eg] aR EOM ‘4 Jy llr how pha a + .¢ =. | - © .wl 7 7 , ad - ” i —_ 7 bee 6. tad - Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines Typical Maintenance Activities As in the case of the building exterior, the complexity of each task needs to be evaluated in order to determine whether it can be completed by in-house staff or if the activity requires the assistance of outside maintenance and professional services. The schedules noted here are for rooms used by the public on a daily basis. The schedule should be adjusted according to building usage. Marble/Terrazzo floors and stairs Marble veneer wall Miscellaneous marble elements Daily: First dry mop with a cotton string mop head treated with a ‘dust catcher.’ After this procedure, damp mop with a cotton string mop rinsed in a bucket equipped with a wringer. Water should be changed frequently. Avoid mopping baseboards. Weekly: Wet mop weekly using mild cleaning agent. Wet mopping requires two mops and three buckets. The first bucket contains the cleaning agent, such as KRC Ion 420, available from Chemique, Inc., Moorestown, NJ, 609-234- 3061, in water. The second bucket contains clear water for rinsing the cleaning agent from the floor. The third bucket contains clear water to wring out the rinse water to insure that the water in the second bucket remains clean. Apply cleaning agent from first bucket and agitate on floor with the first mop. Before it dries on the floor, remove cleaning agent with clean water from the second bucket using the second mop. Rinse the second mop in the third bucket before rewetting it in the second bucket to remove more of the cleaning agent. Monthly: Refinish/rebuff floors. Semi-annually: Clean floors using mild detergent, such as KRC Ion 417, available from Chemique, Inc., Moorestown, NJ, (609) 234-3061, and water. Weekly: Wipe with damp cotton cloth. Monthly: Clean marble surfaces with mild detergent, such as KRC Ion 417, available from Chemique, Inc., Moorestown, NJ, (609) 234-3061, and water. Clean with a 5% solution of detergent in water. Wipe on surface. Let sit for 5 minutes. Do not allow to dry on surface. Thoroughly rinse with clean water. Wipe dry. Annually: Repolish marble. Hire outside contractor to clean heavy soil and staining. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 272 oom iat dies Ocal” Pill ae mr i: Weim Wat virgen ed beakgane x Loh Digi ad iarwniceorg bins 1y tid lita iia! Pet) mated aidderey Al ci hoses j ih epee pariiat , _ a eo TL) ui bo ail erin Hanes i y wen yl a eel w pe ypiee b gaaeney aii et& “oahu iat Peon Ay) ’ i ee ee ee pers Pe ’ , oe nw vircenpred! by rgrtants iii iioniva lee ae ts Pl : releests ivf 1 Vii Viema@w dpyyii mht tae win sic Ny 1) WAR oye len a tif hale y pil ms VES 7% O99 e BAM corti areas a eae J ¢ 2 ft ria pe sar Ges die vilew pioubey hee ‘hs : 1S we igesd talivay cote aa gn trarn levne ihe ft af) => trea? stadia tif AS ay rhe > = 7 , i = a or oo 04 ort _ Te. ery 4 Vian (Aaesl5 i ae ‘Phin Bevin vung Ms ave : - on ° ina ‘i ee a | | act ae ae a are p ) ! we Bs ay i ena Hall 3 GP (i) DAA en teem Jheges Wh 6 tenviaaiie! bal math IW aty Ae i? in WARY fy ‘ ~) jeiA@aled non. ; sopeeky oe Y * —__ oe ge = eD mweits ———o ae t e>IF, va) rtp acne, : 1) 2 } gy “ an] 7 if] \ « Ce, Pv ie e a ere eee ne oe ‘ ji ves Pee 4 —_ —s oo . —-— 2 o<= —— - + — =. ae : Sa eng jared s pd seh “sine eittorg Reselling Gayl tei ry Maren! Pas ban >) Thin OF rd ey ate, 9°64 Ree’ oti ba hee elarort hei ines Saitdae age at ¢ fet Ol) ogee MOMOs Quay eet Gul} — AL ie ae ef ee eo aRi ves z at “2 sa ee Te ifaw sagt? ng har ae. Jory 9 Wels ap atom rhe wot) ot], see, maak, ed Mi | Teck ‘ke = 2 Pia nt) ee SY eee nate oa Md Lt : merge sighs pavaty lanuyenamteds amuitay den Ce th Sie pong are Gt fe) yeron Aid 40 oo a shiakoele: —meet i es ee —— ote ema ae gee Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report 10.0 Preservation & Maintenance Guidelines 10.4 INTERIOR MATERIALS AND FINISHES OF THE MCKIM BUILDING Background information necessary to have a thorough understanding of the materials used to construct and embellish the McKim Building of the Boston Public Library has been provided in Appendix 11.13. It comprises of Maintenance charts for individual rooms identifying the location of both the original materials and finishes and the new materials used in the restoration work. Numbers for each room are taken from the SBRA’s construction drawings. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 274 ee eee ee Re ed | Lee ‘hivetaat 31) aed MAM wrt 90 Bat et pie fi a ae is va ok serena Rnnicaie walle , tele. ened oat oo grihlivd a vy racy nomad stay M; Yeo emabacparees ff 1/17 foe aharrataiy ignigha wily « Oe recy Exe jolt Deeeteapetrt * ae ’ 7 oF 7 » Ly} , rite ’ : 7 ¢*4 he: wie Te — 4 7 a j © * _ ‘ ‘2 7 _ A =) i 7 z ‘- Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report ENDNOTES 1.0 INTRODUCTION ‘Photos of the interior and exterior of the BPL Annex can be found in the 1919 BPL Trustees’ Annual Report, BPL Trustees’ Records, Boston Public Library and in drawer 41 of the BPL Drawings Archive. 3.0 ARCHITECTURAL CHRONOLOGY “Walter Muir Whitehill, Boston Public Library: A Centennial History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, he es uf ee *BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1893), 4. *BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1896), 18. * BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1897), 13. BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1897), 16. “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1899), 10. *BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1907), 61. "BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1920), 49. "Ibid. "BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1921), 47. " Ibid., 48. “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1924). " Ibid., 23. " Tbid., 24. "BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1932). Ames & Graves Addendum No. | to “Drawings and Specifications of the Contract for Miscellaneous Installation, Alterations & Repairs at the Central Library Building.” BPL Drawings Archive, Boston Public Library, Boston, MA. “ City of Boston Contract with Dominic A. Gentile for “Certain Painting and Painter’s Work at the Central Library Building (11 December 1964); and City of Boston Contract with ABC Electrical Corp. for alterations to “Fine Arts & Science & Technology Departments, North Corridor” (8 October 1964), BPL Drawings Archive. " City of Boston Contract with Dominic A. Gentile for “Certain Painting,” 3. “City of Boston Contract with P.J. James Plumbing & Heating Co. for “Certain Removals & Replacements at the Central Library Building,” (March 1965), BPL Drawings Archive. “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1972), 6-7. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 275 it a) HG, Sorin ds FES a fi Phi ert eb etl ys Sine GTS sii , YDEIOU * ee 1 AW bc aay) : a ) He vhf gly Chetek Reena Gs 8 pan sr dg | 5 aiaas tegvl n rr SIRES aie the var EA at 0 fom pay A Al eas seal ieee ty ee ee urs slaty tana 2 / a op CS aie Fre a, reel be i ees esinne Md tastier A TS) mil ; ; - ov ih Wel) bowel ace Sis dai denueet ths agrreugegy” ‘ er agasen ey LIE “anit af fa iene cc conan i 044 / ae TL ee Bavhio,) (hy i : } Li Lua ' hans wm ie? Cae pri). weer | aj! ctinailae dpe ae’ me Ayr yes Mt bie onQy itt ROM Se a | ea re | aa i ae was) ror widebine 45 daisy) Vee aqrenna nag ages! Kanereit a Lady | ebigint ata woh wpe HO @ lemon ners a. rae oad 7 set Naeem Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1973-74), City Document No. 15 (1975), 7. *“BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1984-1985), 58. 4.0 SELECTION OF THE ARCHITECT AND DESIGN “Walter Muir Whitehill, “The Making of an Architectural Masterpiece — the Boston Public Library,” American Art Journal 2, no. 2 (Fall 1970), 13. * Whitehill, Centennial History, 46-47. * Tbid., 68. ” Whitehill, Centennial History, 133. Also excerpted in “The Book Tomb,” The Boston News (24 November 1891), BPL Trustees’ Records, Boston Public Library (hereafter cited as BPL Trustees’ Records), T.R. 25.35. * Boston Herald article, BPL Trustees’ Records, T.R. 25.54, (untitled and undated). ” Boston Transcnpt (June 1886), BPL Trustees’ Records, T.R. 25.54. “Ralph Adams Cram, My Life in Architecture (Boston: Little Brown, 1936), 34. ““The City Architect: Reasons for Giving the Public Library Trustees Fuller Power,” (January 29, 1887), BPL Trustees’ Records, T.R. 25.54, No source noted on clipping. “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report, City Document No. 40 (1888), 4, BPL Trustees’ Records, T.R. 25.12. *“BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 30 March 1887, vol. 2:122, BPL Trustees’ Records. 5.0 |MCKIM’S DESIGN “ “Contract with Messrs. McKim, Mead & White,” Appendix C of City Document 54, Report on the Cost of the New Library Building, Dartmouth Street (1891), 33, BPL Trustees’ Records , T.R. 15.17. Text contained in Appendix 11.4.1. “ Charles Moore, The Life and Times of Charles Follen McKim (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1929), 63. “Ibid., 66. Moore states that McKim, himself, said, “The Bates Hall windows shall have the same simple, direct character as the arches in the Colosseum.” * Leland Martin Roth, McKim Mead & White Architects (New York: Harper & Row, 1983), 119. * Richard Guy Wilson, McKim, Mead & White Architects (New York: Rizzoli, 1983), 134-137. “ William Jordy, “The Beaux-Arts Renaissance: Charles McKim’s Boston Public Library,” in Vol. 3 of American Buildings and Their Architects: Progressive and Academic Ideals at the Turn of the Century (Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1972), 333-334. “ Ibid., 370. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 276 ot qa a, oan wt cee" (att ni ude een ¥; i Thiw oe Hkotv*) cv oi! sdert repay a { AT pve eomnity ra prea nee ne Ol Sorin ia me poe ads if = é, OP 14 4 oper, | wt) td it erecta Spilhiew will ey a ni OM PEAT AT drow y1 i*s rind S(NeAT) Oh Ol ei Ch ipaq tansy ant need ‘esawey') PTD AT dbs, irae ” I - > btn 23 (col SO msn hk abaegey.” MN Ze Nace 7 ater hive gn ~ rent SEAT EY, eltwaed ‘“aneaniT 19 sie Sse i ehh : Pa. rae fd diy = cs a} mlttiid a ni" h4 1. ei atl ms Avie’. umn® val" vat @lr oval 6c Corti ar ee: alt" ~~ pas , Bite Vie 7 . ot ae , ss 10) wo4 Bd col a : we “eb ert spel ‘hopag sietivtien leant cute MC eas yn eatep el oem j nw ites! oe wen) OB yy elt wae Gant ras, Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes dl iw Stenographic Report of the Statements Made to the Committee on Library Department by S. A. B. Abbott and Charles F. McKim,” Appendix A of City Document 54, 20-21. Text contained in Appendix 11.7 of this report. * Moore, 66. “Richard Guy Wilson, letter to author, July 1997. “ Jordy, 335-336. * Tbid., 359. * City Document 54, Appendix, 8. “ ot tag . mt i © ent ane ) Oo ’ int Pia Sates) wir, ‘copie walle 4 EAT sa i : “J ul DAC tow Gey oD ene biti. nceniscad two ewucigm a mri! Any wired = = A MAHL yoga! emp ibheratd mite; alu an eit lt Prete liceman? iene pral} ene bind gunll eaeld Abert pel ae a} reel ercls 38) a iAN enn a urd We aap Teale Seder Hasestd okt, minanipaadeneeeis: LOT veg Drunesivatpeahes air a 4 ; a bs ra Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes "Ibid. " Tbid., 299. “Ibid. “Soule, C. C. “The Boston Public Library: How to Build a Library,” The Library Journal 17 (April 1892), 124 125. ™ McKim, Mead & White, Contract and Specifications for Work to be Done and Material to be Furnished in the Continuation of the Erection of the New Public Library Building on Copley Square (June 1889), 14, McKim, Mead & White Manuscript Collection, New York Historical Society, New York, NY. (hereafter cited as Contract and Specifications for Continuation and McKim, Mead & White MSS). ” Contract and Specifications for Stone and Marblework of Entrance Hall and Staircase in the New Public Library on Copley Square (August 1889), 14, McKim, Mead & White MSS. ™ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1891), 19. 7.0 ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY OF THE BUILDING: 1895 TO 1972 “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1899), 10. “Whitehill, Centennial History, 188. ” BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1904). ” BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1921). ” BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1919), 2. ® Whitehill, Centennial History, 219. ™M. G. Van Rensselaer, “The New Public Library in Boston: Its Artistic Aspects,” Century Magazine 50 (June 1895), 2617 " Ibid. " Contract and Specifications for the New Public Library Building on Copley Square up to Bates Hall Floor (June 1889), 11. (Hereafter cited as Contract and Specifications up to Bates Hall Floor.) = Tpid.. io. © Tbid., 13-14. *Tbid., 15. * Ibid. “ Copies of the St. Gaudens sculptures are located at the Freer Gallery in Washington D.C. and at his home in Cornish, New Hampshire. ” Herbert Small, comp., Handbook of the Boston Public Library (Boston: Curtis & Company, 1895), 50-51. “Whitehill, Centennial History, 159. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 278 Ot Of 4 ' a | Ae eh ee AT “eS emu ae ON i aa Aw eid, > saawis ob we te od iw 2 Na Yi i's 3 tw Wie pi ee apd (heed ae geeks vere bah Qa ames rA> 4» dle 7 mime el) A pha’ Wol-qened oo? ha al EK aaew s.! nee 16.4 aaifdl H).4M ner pethir wu et ives v1 aera! You hut’ «pee i oe sine, ile ea tales oi are Mand id hae at all tal vile? ene ei a tlie let art J 7 oa) S2] OT 208( Ouida ST 30 HACTSI AARON e4 Ul cee, wet itid 2MT 30 ye IMOWA >, ; ‘in ¢ a oS ; Web - a pf OBEY VR Trainee ovogecel sal Bs itn A, wer > Fs , (haw ear A “ ret B (Mage hat s canny 7° | ‘ c'“e 16:1 Single A arr ay ) a ae oie ab ye +a i : } macht Avie) * gitar STA es Agden pe mewn alta wit AE yo inner Abe ? Ph ton 6 i mat v ) gla ® i iw L13e48 . wi A eel ; = e Q i ST pages to be rele oes 46 rey J ae tse ¥, ; Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes ~ [biden ly. ™ Contract and Specifications for Continuation, 19. "Tbid., 16. "Tbid., 24. Small, (1895), 30. “ Contract and Specifications for Continuation, 29. “ C. Howard Walker, “The Boston Public Library,” New England Magazine 12 (May 1895), 261. ” Contract and Specifications for Brick and Stone Work. " Thid. “Lamps at Dartmouth Street Entrance,” BPL Print Collection, Figure E-44 of this report. ” Herbert J. Small, comp. Handbook of the New Public Library in Boston (Curtis & Cameron, 1908). Copley Prints advertisement contained in front matter. ' Small (1895), 15-16. Contract and Specifications for Carpenter Work in the New Public Library Building on Copley Square (August 1892, Revised October 18, 1892), 15, McKim, Mead & White MSS. molds, al Os ites) Elmer Ellsworth Garnsey, “The Boston Public Library,” The Peterson Magazine 4, no. 5 (November 1894), 1015. ™ Contract and Specifications for Roof Work in the New Public Library Building on Copley Square (1890) ,10- 11, McKim, Mead & White MSS. “° Small (1895), 5. "" Contract and Specifications for Roof Work, 12. “" Contract and Specifications for Brick and Stone Work. "* Contract and Specifications for Roof Work, 12-13. Wn Contract and Specifications for Continuation, 20. ’ “Tt Opens Today: Public Library at Last is the People’s,” The Boston Daily Globe (1 February 1895), BPL Trustees’ Records, T.R. 25.38. Van Rensselaer, 262. "Jordy, 370. '" Contract and Specifications up to Bates Hall Floor, 15-16. ' Contract and Specifications for Continuation, 16. Tbid., 19-20. " Contract and Specifications for Roof Work, 11. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 279 - rT, ¥ SY etal? ha sgn S aid ~ saidid jridhiaateibagt> set iW ae ral wowed sms tet Od a ere, . 19 ‘i a sit) 19 0 oiup?l sanisstale tan} DA *, serail do. eal agg orn) 4 ave ‘ett wt mae) Ain oir. gh dre gym Rane. f , 9160 MN cero ave thon 7 , a q (GARD my ot Shiv mowhd witw' lolA Al Wh Orel Sateen eediantine of ‘ney EM enh iesM sia oe ‘° edi un - > ; - si a sm A 7 ad ; f Pe a cere oY “elie! allagS er ee de) oie f3 = a o is Pa og dome eel a wpelini; us iis Pilot at.” git) m2 Oo Toe pie ) aa an ; > > a soe al = (9 KE ie bade Hd Oe” ere ae ern Ae = Tt ll ae ; wih wot bee € $0 ye Y wer 7 7 ‘i - : “s ~ hal} pee eeu. Lon j = @. iy ha rd: re : ite x wraeretiv) | edad: | aN wut aT "pe ape a As") os ye he : AT hale Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes 'Y Garnsey, 1023. “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1897), 13. ' Small (1895), 26. ™ Contract and Specifications for Carpenter Work, 16. ™ Contract and Specifications for Continuation (June 1889), 24. Small (1895), 27. ™ Whitehill, Centennial History, 176-177. cag (oi te Cah Lei ™ Ibid., 178-179. ™ Ibid., 179. Tbid., 179, quoting from Thomas Russell Sullivan’s journal. ™ Ibid., 180. McKim to MacMonnies, 27 October 1897, MMW MSS. M-9. “ Correspondence with author, 18 August 1998. ' Jonathan Fairbanks, “MacMonnies’ Bacchante: Its Trial, Condemnation and Restoration,” Sculpture Review Wenos2(199si ,o1; Small (1895), 26. ‘“ Olmsted to McKim, 14 June 1892, MMW MSS, M9. ™ Small (1895), 26. ‘’ Monograph of the Works of McKim Mead & White 1879-1915. 4 vols. 1915. Reprint (4vols. In 1), Plate 103. Reproductions of these plans can be found in Appendix 11.3. ™ Small (1895), 26. '" M. Sargent to Olmsted Brothers, 17 December 1898, Olmsted Archives, Brookline, Massachusetts. '* BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1897), 13; (1900) ,8; (1904); (1906). Ibid. (1907), 12: ™ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 2 December 1904, vol. 8:378 " BPL Trustees’ Annual Report, (1907), 12. ‘“ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 29 May 1903, vol. 7:308-309. “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1929), 17. Jel [otabar oe Wu Nive, Tbid., (1903). BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 280 oe Vee Vat" i on ate qeeire] " wey wind Le a | a ts ol oa wie At asi , be igor EF, ove. 7) as am ' 408 : ‘ 4 i 1 a ive TPAG aay Ari aT e eit: ¥ ‘Ih vat elie ais 4 1 ~ j + HL jaa oa Py a i a (omr) o@ ea ee ‘ 7) ce vi j opie, i A ung: rei sos a ahi y "nS . . vr Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes ™ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1909). ™ The Boston Public Library, 4th ed., rev. Frank H. Chase, Ph.D. (Boston: Boston Public Library Employees Benefit Association, 1921), 6. ' BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1929), 18. ' Whitehill, Centennial History, 215. ' Milton E. Lord, “Boston Modernizes—Plans for Enlargement,” The Library Journal 78 (December 15, 1953), 2120: I” A photograph of this arrangement can be found in Peter A. Wick, prep. A Handbook to the Art and Architecture of the Boston Public Library (Boston: The Associates of the Boston Public Library, 1978), 24. '” Ames, Child & Graves, Untitled set of 5 drawings (24 November 1951), BPL 23 and set of 1964 plans provided by SBRA. * ord: 2126: ™ Jordy, 362. ™ McKim, Mead & White, “Periodical Room,” no. 519, (28 April 1692)\0 BPL 25. ™ Small (1908), 16. ‘Plans of McKim’s early designs for the Library are found in Monograph of the Works of McKim Mead & White 1879-1915. Reproductions of these plans can be found in Appendix 11.3. '‘“ BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1907), 12; (1909). ™ Tbid., (1927), 60; (1929); (1933), 19. SLO 2120! ™ City of Boston Contract w/ Dominic A. Gentile for “Certain Painting and Painter’s Work at the Central Library Building” (Dec. 11, 1964). Found in the BPL Drawings Archive. ‘“ This room label is found on the plans published in the Monograph. '“ BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1898), 20 and (1906). ™ BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1898), 14. “ Stull Associates, Inc., A Restoration Program for the McKim Building of the Boston Public Library (August 1981), 4. ™ Small (1895), 50-51. 7 pide s |e “" Ibid. or ™ Small (1908), 55. "° Ibid. "’ Jenney & Fox, “Drawing for a New Patent Library,” no. 4 (1902), BPL 29. "" Small (1895), 20. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 282 Pea anes Wee yieee © SO Te Wi oe, as oY M, 5 a | 2 Ala a2’ eniehl cur. f 1i4t nad wetter) it ety Ws yim, ’ Wwe i a’ ‘ cre me il | ‘ . : im ¢ ‘+ i DHL AP ts our EP igwrae, beaiel wit “enaecieg ate. a) af ’ lat a ‘ ) ¢ i ; Sat 7 y, mi es, Mh tie See aia gird: ightt Wy wig? Hf Beriselt pa a bens, oe Leg ionndent va 5 ‘a TS) Laie WI yet Waly da atciwedl ant nowt eres roi aie bea $71 | iy bua? eit aia as EE ds Nie) vara Wo Ro 490 iy 2a) Hyg hk ST) te yoo*h peta putes 9) lah Vath WA nl hee See eral ee 0.01 aborted haw) ote aay Te a ou ca WR WY OE Wee ali A“ ler)” 10d Veit UAL fe Hea ye nes, £98 A Ln ol : oe ee esa ' out) Aw ol ' — . ; et AF ead 1698 wetedl Al pee rial acy, wa Wi m + i+ a, rian a t : i" 4 5 4 ‘ Tae, by i PRG? | oR ee ee aN ‘a Tite h isd ane bo ane 3 iy VO RGR Ewe i i ms eanig ) * aliteedh Wola é ot pian’ S Mite fen 6A) Y¢or4 sa iowt?t bra! eunke oy oid oe a ee ay ® gow 1 PA] Ss.) Wi et a; nthe it baie u i ii noun ti) \S SOAS ties, Gon 2 /Qaigt cle a i ah anak “" : ve a8, pase eneyy, bag = Ae ; eon et tes ci Cap hai rae Sheena td 4 ‘ adh BG heme’ ib ober aesbponett | ’ ( ’ OF * Seine | | wai Am syne aun) Sarg Sik tenn eset i cutgrunl) Greqegel! ovine Ja ty Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes *"'A Casual Tour: Boston Public Library (Boston: City Printing Section, 1972), 4. * Small (1895), 34-35. ™ Wilson, 137. *° Small (1895), 3. ™ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 16 February 1894, vol. 4:198. *" Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities. “Boston Public Library: Paint Study” (January 1995), 9. Contained in Appendix 11.9. Hereafter referred to as SPNEA, “Paint Study.” *8 Small (1895), 30-31. * John LaFarge to McKim, 7 February 1889, McKim, Mead & White MSS, 101. *" McKim to LaFarge, 20 June 1892, The Papers of Charles McKim, Reel 1:184, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (From McKim’s Letterbooks Vol. 1.) * Abbott Thayer to McKim, December 7 (probably 1894), McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. *“ Thayer, Abbott Handerson, “Minerva in Chariot,” ca. 1984, 38 1/8” x 53 3/4”, National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Gift of John Gellatly, 1929.6.121. Information supplied by Richard Murray, Curator. ** Thayer to McKim, June 24 (probably 1895), McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. ** Thayer to McKim, July 6 (probably 1895), McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. *° McKim to Thayer, 10 July 1895, The Papers of Charles McKim, Reel 2:235. (From McKim’s Letterbooks Vol. 4) *’ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 19 March 1895, vol. 4:341. *” McKim to Richards, 3 April 1895, The Papers of Charles McKim, Reel 2:000632. ** wm. R. Richards to McKim, 4 April 1895, McKim, Mead & White MSS, 102. *»J. McNeil Whistler to The Directors and Trustees of the Boston Library, 7 May 1895, McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. ” Whitehill, “Making of an Architectural Masterpiece,” 24. ™" Thayer to McKim, 12 October 1895, McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. “ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 10 December 1915, vol. 10:321. ” SPNEA, “Paint Study” (January 1995), 9. ™ Small (1895), 32. BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 5 September 1894, vol. 4:268. ™ SPNEA, “Paint Study” (January 1995), 10. *" Small (1895), 28 ** Garnsey, 1019. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 285 até sud eka i, . ne! f w ‘es * vy um ¥ » (er cee qi! ‘Oi ery ee? pad’ Abda) Av OR 2 pad padarl bat abet? Al? se us DEOTEOM rnteteid ’ / 4 3 > tucahe , df Pe Adgeh i e4 PEG tae Bly sal ada a ee ae J Me) ao CT rahe eit nie do aD Phi aiite! & pee nw Caan s | les Dov, esl ki eonptt ek ( bi thet aetin Te" iv ? : ar pe i £ cae a¢cn ot nem" ; BEA, dale? nip Oe Pee a. AMt! ene! WwW hest oaths eur poet : te TP) WA treeld sent TRVS = Lota te 2 noi \ Mall 10/426 eo US ape se" ab A id SP bit iad 1 Pi, oh’? en silo agit ta pi en a pe1 nae + my an, pee OF bahsieis Pied a4 ar i 12 Soaonmma igaliihit 0 foil ho) BOM aol & ete vei ot ri nt rat a ay, is Laie Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes ™ SPNEA, “Paint Study” (January 1995) 7. ™ Small (1895), 30. *" SPNEA, “Paint Study” (January 1995), 10. * Ibid. * Small (1895), 28. ™ Ibid., 32. * Tbid., 34 “McKim, Mead & White, “Bookcases in Bates Hall,” no. 644, n.d., BPL 11. *' Small (1895), 32. * Ibid., 33. ™' G.E. Wolters to McKim, 30 March 1894, McKim, Mead & White MSS, 103. ™’ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 20 September 1901, vol. 7:61. *" BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 14 December 1900, vol. 6:418. *“ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 18 January 1901, vol. 6:431. ““ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 15 November 1901, vol. 7:83. ™ Fox & Gale, “Certain Renovations of Bates Hall,” set of 2 drawings, Commission 320G (May 1931, some revised June 1931); “Full Scale Detail of Rack for Return Slips, Bates Hall Desk,” (November 1931); “Certain Furniture in Bates Hall,” Commission 320H (June 1931), BPL 11 and City of Boston Library Department, “Certain Renovations of Bates Hall,” (1931), BPL Drawing Archive. (Specifications) *° Fox & Gale, “Certain Renovations of Bates Hall,” no. 1, Commission 320G (May 1931), BPL 11. *” Fox & Gale, “Certain Furniture in Bates Hall,” no. 2, Commission 320H (June 1931), BPL 11. *" City of Boston Library Department, Contract for Decorative Painters’ Work in Bates Hall (1931), BPL Drawing Archive. *® Ames, Child & Graves, “Typical Cross Section-Full Size, Lighting Fixture in Bates Hall,” nos. 189-93 (21 April 1947), BPL 39. = (ore | 208 00 Ames & Graves, “Alterations and Repairs to Bates Hall,” set of 8 drawings, Job no. 897 (3 July 1958), BPL Be *" Ames & Graves Architects, Specifications for Alterations and Repairs to Bates Hall Central Library Building, Boston Public Library, 3 July 1958. “Ames & Graves, “Miscellaneous Installations, Alterations & Repairs,” set of 6 drawings, Job no. 904 (26 November 1962), BPL 11. "8 Jordy, 363. ™ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 31 October 1893, vol. 4:134. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 286 ihe Mere ‘7 nip be? ear 2) "Ayes oot ar "“ 2agd tut Aten! lay oer ma sath od ey ae Slat (OS v= al ase syne ea 7 S08 Joe DONT coma att iii) wa ® a _ @« eS abe 100] Sa it 3 Mi a meLtrerom a >? a linda isin nay vcGnehibn anes: ant) | inbl @ujadl weirs ieetadd world ote Lp were steak Oa wie; goth t eres a ot) See 2) U8 @ 1 wt) Oe coneumeradh ? tnt! can Mig | eehte babee poet’ PHA etiam JTS en ale = . icy yoahg MIE ie oo TV Pas re “44 “A a aa r 7 (PRT sant) Mae ru deport as $ a”, wey: ie f | ied ental wi dae! CRs let eis? 0 an ae md aber “a4 gota ay} coi go netyhd une {Ha harn penn bwin) 746 wee shal AA ee on Sed x aed ob att ' ‘ vveed Maen ol ell ee Siange Boe eee Ne ie n | “anni inane ead oi Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes ** Small (1895), 35. ™ Jordy, 363. “" G.E. Wolters to McKim, 21 February 1895, McKim, Mead & White MSS. *® Small (1895), 35. “ Tbid., 36. *” Walker, 267. ™ Small (1895), 36. “Location of Painted & Relief Work in Ceiling Decoration of the Delivery Room,” BPL 25. *® Small (1895), 36. 4 Jordy, 363. *’ Other than the photograph included in the report from the BPL Print Collection, another view can be found in Walker, 267. *" Small (1895), 43. Also note that the main card catalogue was located in the south end of Bates Hall. “’ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 14 May 1895, vol. 4:378. ““ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 23 April 1895, vol. 4:363. *’ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 6 May 1895, vol. 4:373. ™' BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 14 May 1895, vol. 4:379. *"McKim’s drawing of this table, “Table and Platform in Waiting Room,” no. 938, is located in the McKim, Mead & White MSS, Tube 355A. = Whitehill, “Making of an Architectural Masterpiece,” 19. ™ McKim to Abbott, 9 May 1890, BPL Papers, Ms.Bos.Li.B9. *“BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 17 February 1893, vol. 4:47. “ BPL Papers, MsAm. 565-566. ™ The Boston Public Library (1916), 23-24. Regarding the reference to Tennyson: Tennyson recounted the tale of King Arthur in Jdylls of the King, which Small says “has, more than anything else revived interest in the Arthurian legend.” From Small (1908), 42. *" Small (1908), 42 ™ Walker, 267-268. ™ Sullivan, 86-89. ™ Small (1895), 47. ™ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (191415), 13. “BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1898). “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1901), 7 and BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 21 March 1902, vol. 7:142. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 287 wy aC - oe eeeel aM y ' rant Pe a pos eat Ay a ee) "| MiGetra oye yt fu id QAP Aeon yodlant il f he) oll whine oh astion sy par PTO wale hl Penis ayT? yaa ty 7 1 Oe ys tye youd » Dahon see Wie Vat + Loney nto nil ST Ah. low, Awe pat Os Cbkin be 2am Abe et» hav CCR : CUE lod Ahi ENba eel 1d Ohare pt OPM lay "epson natin! Wal herngnd’t bet eae st ° 15 ‘ eerangsnlt Weim aE Ame wnt " . , Pe basal bid j ; a i i iy kee Te rr Og tame hy = el ng © Ox as erestss elisa tee a ay tS WY) ey havi eels pateiPr ives cowry ogee taj {” eae MMe, al J \; “=p, at. Atta ai q Boston Public Library McKim Building Historic Structure Report Endnotes “ Small (1908), 41. ““ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 24 January 1902, vol. 7:119. *“ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 21 March 1902, vol. 7:142. * BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (192425), 30. ** BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1924-25), 22; (1926), 30; (1928). ™' BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 18 May 1923, vol. 12:2-3. “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Report (1928). ™ BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1932); (1933), 18. * Whitehill, “Making of an Architectural Masterpiece,” 29. *“ Fox & Gale, “Delivery Room Set,” set of 2 drawings (February 1932) and “Proposed Bookcase, etc. in Delivery Room,” (September 1933), BPL 25. “Fox & Gale, “Oak Railing in Issue Room,” (20 October 1934), BPL 25. “ The railing no longer exists in Ames & Graves, “Public Catalogue in Abbey Room: Plan—Abbey Room Level,” no. A3 (20 June 1961), BPL 25. “© Ames, Child & Graves, “New Electric Lighting System: Abbey Room,” (4 December 1947), BPL 25. *” Ames, Child & Graves, “New Bookcase in Abbey Room,” (22 June 1948), BPL 25. **“ Ames, Child & Graves, “Public Catalogue in Abbey Room” (15 April 1953), BPL 25. * Lord, 2129. *° Ames & Graves, “New Book Conveyor,” set of 4 drawings, (28 September 1960), BPL 37 and Jordy, 396, footnote #48. *! Jordy, 362. *° Ibid. *° Ames, Child & Graves, “Public Catalogue in Abbey Room: Details of Light Fixtures,” no. A-11, Job 898 (20 June T96Ly 7 BEL 25, ™ Perfection Glass Co., “New doors to Bates Hall,” (25 January 1963), BPL 25. “ BPL Trustees’ Annual Reports (1974-75), 13; and (1975-76), 22. “ BPL Trustees’ Minutes, 9 January 1925, vol. 12:71. *" Photo can be found in Wick on page 42. * Ames & Graves, “Public Catalogue in Abbey Room,” nos. A-10 and A-13 (20 June 1961 and 7 September LOGIN ple oe “ Small (1895), 44. ™ Ames & Graves, “Public Catalogue in Abbey Room,” no. A-5 (20 June 1961), BPL 25. “Ol Casual Tour, 4. BUILDING CONSERVATION ASSOCIATES INC Page 288 Daal cc)! at — sup igh ‘2 rT PS wv, a) tian) sr tepirtggald we vrs SE Dat br a Og mr sag reals “eesti » ginande” sitesi im i : “sg _ . ed di eo + panel tT lal dy ri ARE Ages“ roendlny ‘o _ 7 - : ; } } 7 (tie > ‘4 ee) sn" ean | A ie j 2 #4) . ; wie i “oj Wa eeipia) Awe aj) &£ eee peer.